Multi-Store Model Flashcards
(20 cards)
What was the first model of Memory?
The Multi-store Model
What is a stimulus?
Any object or event that elicits a sensory or behavioral response in an organism.
What is the Duration for LTM?
Up to a lifetime.
What is the capacity for LTM?
Unlimited.
Who designed MSM and when was it introduced?
Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin in 1968.
What are the case studies of the MSM?
Shallice and Warrington – KF, brain damage from a motorcycle accident. Peterson and Peterson (1959) – STM duration without rehearsal. Bahrick (1975) – VLTM and differences in recognition vs recall.
Define long-term memory (LTM)
Your memory of events that have occurred in the past. This lasts anywhere from 2 minutes to 100 years.
Define sensory register
The place where information is held at each of the senses.
Define short-term memory (STM)
Your memory for immediate events. STM lasts seconds or minutes and disappears unless rehearsed.
Define Capacity
The measure of how much can be held in memory, usually represented as numbers.
Define Duration
A measure of how long a memory lasts before it is no longer available.
What are the 5 components of the sensory register?
Echoic (sound), Haptic (touch), Iconic (visual), Gustatory (taste), Olfactory (smell)
What are the components (stores) of the sensory register?
Echoic store, Haptic store, Iconic store, Gustatory store, Olfactory store
What is the capacity of the SR?
Very large – unprocessed, highly detailed, ever-changing information.
What is the duration of the SR?
Limited and varies across stores and types of information.
What is the coding of the STM?
Mainly acoustic, but other codes exist too (Baddeley – acoustic vs semantic encoding).
What is the capacity of STM?
Limited to 5–9 items.
What is the duration of STM?
Up to 30 seconds, extendable through maintenance rehearsal.
What is maintenance rehearsal?
Repetition of information to keep it in STM. Does not lead to LTM transfer.
How does the MSM work?
Sensory input → Sensory register → (if attended) STM → (if rehearsed) LTM.
