muscarinic antagonists

Question 1

atropine and homatropine (and tropicamide) applications

Answer 1

mydriasis and cycloplegia (paralyzes cilliary muscle: no accommodation). atropine also used to treat bradycardia

Question 2

benztropine

Answer 2

this is a drug used in Parkinson Disease to curb imbalance btw DA and ACh. anticholinergic. helps with tremor and rigidity but not with bradykinesia

Question 3

scopalamine

Answer 3

anticholinergic that works on the CNS to reduce motion sickness

Question 4

ipratropium

Answer 4

(also tiotropium). anticholinergic used to treat COPD and asthma. (also called atrovent)

Question 5

oxybutynin uses

Answer 5

used to reduce urgency in mild cystitis and reduce bladder spasms. many agents do this (darifenacin, solifenacin, fesoterodine, trospium, tolterodine).
anticholinergic

Question 6

glycopyrrolate uses

Answer 6

used parenterally after surgery to reduce airway secretions. used orally to reducle drooling and peptic ulcers. anticholinergic

Question 7

atropine side effects/effects

Answer 7

pupil dilation, cycloplegia, decr. airway secretions, decr. acid secretions, decr. gut motility, decr. bladder urgency.

Question 8

atropine overdose

Answer 8

incr. body temp d/t decr. sweating, rapid pulse, dry mouth, dry, flushed skin, cycloplegia, constipation, disorientation. can cause acute angle closure glaucoma in elderly, urinary retention in men with BPH, and hyperthermia in infants
(hot as a hare, dry as a bone, red as a beet, blind as a bat, and mad as a hatter).