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strength and conditioning > Muscles of the Face, Head, and Neck > Flashcards

Muscles of the Face, Head, and Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Epicranius (occipitofrontalis) Greek: above skull Origin

A

Occipitalis: Occiptial bone. Mastoid process of temporal bone.
Frontalis: galea aponeurotica.

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2
Q

Epicranius (occipitofrontalis) Greek: above skull Insertion

A

Occipitalis: Galea aponeurotica ( a sheet-like tendon leading to frontal belly)
Frontalis: Fascia and skin above eyes and nose

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3
Q

Epicranius action (skull)

A

Occipitalis: pulls scalp backward
Frontalis: pulls scalp forward

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4
Q

Epicranius nerve (skull)

A

Facial V11 nerve

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5
Q

Epicranius basic functional movement(skull)

A

Raises eyebrows & wrinkles skin of forehead horizontally.

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6
Q

Orbicularis oculi (face) Origin

A 
Orbital part: Frontal bone. Medial wall of orbit
Palpebral part (in eyelids): Medial palpebral ligament
Lacrimal part (behind medial palpebral ligament and lacrimal sac): Lacrimal bone
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7
Q

Orbicularis oculi (face) Insertion

A

Orbital part: Circular path around orbit, returning to origin
Palpebral Part: Lateral pealpebral ligament into zygomatic bone
Lacrimal part: Lateral palpebral raphe

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8
Q

Orbicularis oculi (face) action

A

Orbital part: Strongly closes eyelids
Palpebral part: Gently closes eyelids (and comes into action involuntarily, as in blinking)
Lacrimal part: Dilates lacrimal sac and brings lacrimal canals onto surface of eye.

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9
Q

Orbicularis oculi (face) Nerve

A

Orbital part: Facial V11 nerve (temporal and zygomatic branches)
Palpebral part: Facial V11 nerve (temporal and zygomatic branches)
Lacrimal part: Facial V11 nerve (temporal and zygomatic branches)

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10
Q

Corrugator Supercilii (face) Origin

A

Medial end of supercilliary arch of frontal bone

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11
Q

Corrugator Supercillii (face) Insertion

A

Deep surface of skin under medial half of the eyebrows

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12
Q

Corrugator Supercillii (face) Action

A

Draws eyebrows medially and downward, so producing vertical wrinkles, as in frowning

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13
Q

Corrugator Supercillii (face) Nerve

A

Facial V11 nerve (temporal branch

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14
Q

Corrugator Supercillii (face) Basic Functional Movement

A

Facilitates facial expression

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15
Q

Procerus (face) origin

A

Fascia over nasal bone. Lateral nasal cartilage

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16
Q

Procerus (face) insertion

A

Skin between eyebrows

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17
Q

Procerus (face) Action

A

Wrinkles nose. Pulls medial portion of eyebrows downwards

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18
Q

Procerus (face) Nerve

A

Facial V11 nerve

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19
Q

Procerus (face) Basic Functional Movement

A

Enables strong “sniffing” & sneezing

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20
Q

Nasalis (face) Origin

A

Middle of maxilla (above incisor and canine teeth). Greater alar cartilage. Skin on nose.

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21
Q

Nasalis (face) Insertion

A

Joins muscle of opposite side across bridge of nose. Skin at tip of nose.

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22
Q

Nasalis (face) Action

A

Maintains opening of external nares during forceful inhalation (flares nostrils)

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23
Q

Nasalis (face) Nerve

A

Facial V11 nerve (buccal branches)

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24
Q

Nasalis (face) Basic functional movement

A

Strongly breathing through the nose

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25
Q

Orbicularis Oris (face) Origin

A

Muscle fibers surrounding the opeining of the mouth, attached to the skin, muscle and fascia of the lips and surrounding area.

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26
Q

Orbicularis Oris (face) Insertion

A

Skin and fascia at corner of mouth

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27
Q

Orbicularis Oris (face) Action

A

Closes lips, compresses lips against teeth, protrudes (purses) lips, and shapes lips during speech.

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28
Q

Orbicularis Oris (face) Nerve

A

Facial V11 nerve (buccal and mandibular branches)

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29
Q

Orbicularis Oris (face) Basic functional movement

A

Facial expressions involving the lips

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30
Q

Levator Labii Superioris (face) Origin

A

Angular head: Zygomatic bone and frontal process of maxilla

Infraorbital head: Lower border of orbit

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31
Q

Levator Lavii Superioris (face) Insertion

A

Angular head: Greater alar cartilage, upper lip and skin of nose.
Infraorvital head: Muscles of upper lip

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32
Q

Levator Lavii Superioris (face) Action

A

Raises upper lip. Dilates nares. Forms nasolabial furrow

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33
Q

Levator Lavii Superioris (face) Nerve

A

Facial V11 nerve (buccal branches)

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34
Q

Lavator Lavii Superioris (face) Basic functional movement

A

Faciltates facial expression and kissing

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35
Q

Levator Anguli Oris (face) Origin

A

Canine fossa of maxilla

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36
Q

Levator Anguli Oris (face) Insertion

A

Corner of mouth

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37
Q

Levator Anguli Oris (face) Action

A

Elevates angle (corner)_ of mouth

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38
Q

Levator Anguli Oris (face) Nerve

A

Facial V11 nerve (buccal branches)

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39
Q

Levator Anguli Oris (face) Basic functional movement

A

Helps produce a smiling expression

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40
Q

Zygomaticus Major & Minor (face) Origin

A

Zygomaticus Major: Upper lateral surface of Zygomatic bone

Zygomaticus Minor: Lower surface of zygomatic bone.

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41
Q

Zygomaticus Major & Minor (face) Insertion

A

Zygomaticus Major: Skin at corner of mouth. Orbicularis Oris

Zyginatucys Minor: Lateral part of upper lip lateral to levator labii

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42
Q

Zygomaticus Major & Minor (face) Action

A

Zygomaticus Major: Pulls corner of mouth up and back, as in smiling
Zygomaticus Minor: Elevates the upper lip. Forms nasolabial furrow

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43
Q

Zygomaticus Major & Minor (face) Nerve

A

Facial V11 nerve (zygomatic and buccal branches)

44
Q

Zygomaticus Major & Minor (face) Basic Functional Movement

A

Smiling. Facilitates facial expression.

45
Q

Depressor Labii Inferioris (face) Origin

A

Anterior surface of mandible, between mental foramen and symphysis

46
Q

Depressor Labii Inferioris (face) Insertion

A

Skin of lower lip

47
Q

Depressor Labii Inferioris (face) Action

A

Pulls lower lip downward and slightly laterally

48
Q

Depressor Labii Inferioiris (face) Nerve

A

Facial V11 nerve (marginal mandibular branch)

49
Q

Depressor Labii Inferioris (face) Basic functional movement

A

Facilitates facial expression

50
Q

Depressor Anguli Oris (face) Origin

A

Oblique line of the mandible

51
Q

Depressor Anguli Oris (face) Insertion

A

Corner of mouth

52
Q

Depressor Anguli Oris (face) Action

A

Pulls corner of mouth downwards, as in sadness or frowning

53
Q

Depressor Anguli Oris (face) Nerve

A

Facial V11 nerve (marginal mandibular and buccal branches)

54
Q

Mentalis (face) Origin

A

Incisive fossa of anterior surface of mandible

55
Q

Mentalis (face) Insertion

A

Skin of chin

56
Q

Mentalis (face) Action

A

Protrudes lower lip and pulls up (wrinkles) skin of chin, as in pouting

57
Q

Mentalis (face) Nerve

A

Facial V11 nerve (marginal mandibular branch)

58
Q

Platysma (neck/face) Origin

A

Subcutaneous fascia of upper quarter of chest (i.e. fascia overlying the pectoralis major and deltoideus muscles)

59
Q

Platysma (neck/face) Insertion

A

Subcutaneous fascia and muscles of chin and jaw. Inferior border of mandible

60
Q

Platysma (neck/face) Action

A

Pulls lower lip from corner of mouth downwards and laterally. Drawn skin of chest upwards.

61
Q

Platysma (neck/face) Nerve

A

Facial V11 nerve (cervical branch)

62
Q

Platysma (neck/face) Basic functional movement

A

Gives expression of being startled or of sudden fright

63
Q

Buccinator (face) Origin

A

Alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible over molars and along pterygomandibular rap he (fibrous band extending from the pterygoid hamulus to the mandible)

64
Q

Buccinator (face) Insertion

A

Orbicularis oris (muscles of the lips)

65
Q

Buccinator (face) Action

A

Compresses cheek as in blowing air out of mouth, and caves cheeks in, producing the action of sucking

66
Q

Buccinator (face) Nerve

A

Facial V11 nerve (buccal branches)

67
Q

Masseter (face) Origin

A

Zygomatic arch (cheek bone)

68
Q

Masseter (face) Insertion

A

Lateral surface of mandible (lower jaw)

69
Q

Masseter (face) Action

A

Closes jaw. Clenches teeth. Assists in side to side movement of mandible

70
Q

Masseter (face) Nerve

A

Trigeminal V nerve (mandibular division)

71
Q

Masseter (face) Basic functional movement

A

Chewing food

72
Q

Temporalis (face) Origin

A

Temporal fossa including frontal, parietal, and temporal bones

73
Q

Temporalis (face) Insertion

A

Coronoid process and ramus of mandible (area on lower jaw, just below the lateral edge of the zygomatic arch)

74
Q

Temporalis (face) Action

A

Closes jaw. Clenches teeth. Assists in side to side movement of mandible

75
Q

Temporalis (face) Nerve

A

Anterior and posterior deep temporal nerves from the tirgeminal V nerve (mandibular division)

76
Q

Temporalis (face) Basic functional movement

A

Chewing food.

77
Q

Pterygoideus Lateralis (face) Origin

A

Superior head: Lateral surface of greater wing of sphenoid.
Inferior head: Lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid

78
Q

Pterygoideus Lateralis (face) Insertion

A

Superior head: Capsule and articular disc of the temporomandibular joint.
Inferior head: Neck of mandible.

79
Q

Pterygoideus Lateralis (face) Action

A

Protudes mandible. Opens mouth. Moves mandible from side to side (as in chewing)

80
Q

Pterygoideus Lateralis (face) Nerve

A

Trigeminal V nerve (mandibular division

81
Q

Pterygoideus Lateralis (face) Basic functional movement

A

Chewing food

82
Q

Pterygoideus Medialis (face) Origin

A

Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone. Pyramidal process of the palatine bone. Tuberosity of maxilla.

83
Q

Pterygoideus Medialis (face) Insertion

A

Medial surface of the ramus and the angle of the mandible

84
Q

Pterygoideus Medialis (face) Action

A

Elevates and protrudes the mandible. Therefore, it closes the jaw and assists in side to side movement of the mandible, as in chewing

85
Q

Pterygoideus Medialis (face) Nerve

A

Trigeminal V nerve (mandibular division)

86
Q

Pterygoideus Medialis (face) Basic Functional Movement

A

Chewing food

87
Q

Scalenus Anterior, Medius, Posterior (neck) Origin

A

Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae

88
Q

Scalenus Anterior, Medius, Posterior (neck) Insertion

A

Anterior and medius: First rib

Posterior: second rib

89
Q

Scalenus Anterior, Medius, Posterior (neck) Action

A

Acting together: Flex neck. Raise first rib during a strong inhalation.
Individually: Laterally flex and rotate neck

90
Q

Scalenus Anterior, Medius, Posterior (neck) Nerve

A

Ventral rami of cervical nerves, C3-C8

91
Q

Scalenus Anterior, Medius, Posterior (neck) Basic Functional Movement

A

The scalene are primarily muscles of inhalation

92
Q

Scalenus Anterior, Medius, Posterior (neck) Sports that heavily utilize these muscles

A

All active sports that require strong respiration

93
Q

Scalenus Anterior, Medius, Posterior (neck) Common Problems when muscles are chronically tight / shortened

A

Painful conditions of the neck, shoulder and arm because hypertonic muscle puts pressure on a bundle of nerves called the brachial plexus, and the subclavian artery

94
Q

Scalenus Anterior, Medius, Posterior (neck) Strengthening Exercise

A

Twisting sit ups

95
Q

Scalenus Anterior, Medius, Posterior (neck) Self Stretches

A

Pull left shoulder away from left ear. Do not rotate head. Draw right ear towards right shoulder

96
Q

Sternocleidomastoideus (neck) Origin

A

Sternal head: Anterior surface of upper sternum

Clavicular head: Medial third of clavicle

97
Q

Sternocleidomastoideus (neck) Insertion

A

Mastoid process of temporal bone (bony prominence just behind the ear)

98
Q

Sternocleidomastoideus (neck) Action

A

Contraction of both sides together: Flexes neck (draws head forward). Raises sternum, and consequently the ribs, during deep inhalation.
Contraction of one side: Tilts head towards the same side. Rotates head to face the opposite side (and also upward as it does so).

99
Q

Sternocleidomastoideus (neck) Nerve

A

Accessory X1 nerve; with sensory supply for proprioception from cervical nerves C2 and C3

100
Q

Sternocleidomastoideus (neck) Basic Functional Movement

A

Turning head to look over your shoulder. Raising head from pillow

101
Q

Sternocleidomastoideus (neck) Sports that heavily utilize this muscle

A

EX: Swimming . Rugby scrummage. American football

102
Q

Sternocleidomastoideus (neck) Movements or injuries that may damage this muscle

A

Extreme whiplash movements

103
Q

Sternocleidomastoideus (neck) Common problems when muscle is chronically tight / shortened

A

headache and neck pain

104
Q

Sternocleidomastoideus (neck) Strengthening exercises

A

Sit ups

105
Q

Sternocleidomastoideus (neck) Self Stretch

A

Turn head to right. Repeat on opposite side.

strength and conditioning (12 decks)

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