Muscles of the Upper Limb

Question 1

Upper Limb Musculature

Answer 1

Muscles must cross a joint to move that joint

Question 2

Superficial Humeral Muscles

Answer 2

Attach to the humerus and produce the major movements of the shoulder
- Deltoid, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi

Question 3

Pectoralis Major

Answer 3

Adducts the glenohumeral joint

Question 4

Latissimus Dorsi

Answer 4

Extension (rowing boat) and adducts the glenohumeral joint

Question 5

Deltoid

Answer 5

Abduction of the glenohumeral joint and anterior/posterior heads can function along in flexion and extension of glenohumeral joints respectively

Question 6

Scapular Muscles

Answer 6

Trapezius, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, levator scapulae, rhomboids (major and minor)

Question 7

Trapezius

Answer 7

Broad muscle attachment spanning from the head to the last thoracic vertebra, elevation/depression/retracting scapula, each laterally flexes neck (move head to ear)

Question 8

Pectoralis Minor

Answer 8

Lies deep to the pectoralis major and depressses scapula

Question 9

Serratus Anterior

Answer 9

Protracts the scapula (boxer’s muscle - extends reach of the arm)

Question 10

Levator scapulae

Answer 10

Elevates the scapula

Question 11

Rhomboids (major & minor)

Answer 11

Retract the scapula

Question 12

Deep Humeral Muscles

Answer 12

Synergists to superficial muscles and provide additional movements to the glenohumeral joint (Rotator Cuff muscles, coracobrachialis, and teres major, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor)

Question 13

Coracobrachialis

Answer 13

Adductor of the glenohumeral joint

Question 14

Teres Major

Answer 14

Extensor of the glenohumeral joint that also internally rotates the joint

Question 15

Rotator Cuff Muscles

Answer 15

Originate at the scapula and insert to the proximal humerus
(Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor - attach posteriorluy on scapula)
Subscapularis

Question 16

Deep Humeral Muscles

Answer 16

Teres major, coracobrachialis, Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

Question 17

Teres Minor

Answer 17

External rotation of the glenohumeral joint

Question 18

Supraspinatus

Answer 18

Abduction of the glenohumeral joint

Question 19

Infraspinatus

Answer 19

External Rotation of the glenohumeral joint

Question 20

Subscapularis

Answer 20

Internal rotation of the glenohumeral joint

Question 21

Posterior Brachial Muscles

Answer 21

Triceps: extension of the elbow
Anconeus: Extension of the elbow

Question 22

Anterior Brachial Muscles

Answer 22

Brachialis: flexion of the elbow
Biceps Brachii: flexion of the elbow

Question 23

Posterior Antebrachial Muscles

Answer 23

Brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris, supinator, extensor indicis, extensor pollicis)

Question 24

Brachioradialis

Answer 24

Flexor of the elbow joint

Question 25

Extensor carpi radialis (longus and brevis)

Answer 25

Extends the radial (lateral) sides of the wrist

Question 26

Extensor digitorum

Answer 26

Extends digits 2-4

Question 27

Extensor digiti minimi

Answer 27

extends digit V (drinking tea)

Question 28

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Answer 28

Extends the ulnar (medial) side of the wrist

Question 29

Supinator

Answer 29

Deeper layer than the other posterior antebrachial muscles. Unwinds and externally rotates the radius = supination

Question 30

Anterior Antebrachial Muscles

Answer 30

Flexor digitorum superficialis, pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, pronator quadratus, flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus)

Question 31

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Answer 31

Largest anterior antebrachial muscles, flat, sends tendons to phalanges for flexions

Question 32

Pronator teres

Answer 32

Internally rotates the radius, pronation of the hand

Question 33

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Answer 33

Flexes the radial (lateral) side of the wrist

Question 34

Palmaris Longus

Answer 34

Attaches to a thick connective tissues of the hand (palmar aponeurosis) Contraction of palmaris longus tenses the aponeurosis, flexes the wrist

Question 35

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Answer 35

Flexes the ulnar (medial) side of the wrist

Question 36

Pronator Quadratus

Answer 36

Assists the pronator teres in pronation of the hand

Question 37

Flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 37

Flexes digits 2-5

Question 38

Flexor pollicis longus

Answer 38

Flexes digit 1

Question 39

Extensor Indicis

Answer 39

Extension of digit 2

Question 40

Extensor pollicis (longus and brevis)

Answer 40

Extension of digit 1

Question 41

Abductor Pollicis Longus

Answer 41

Abduction of digit 1