Muscular system Flashcards
(35 cards)
smooth muscle
location- found in the walls of hollow organs such as the digestive tract, blood vessels, urinary system and reproductive organs.
smooth muscle-function
facilitates within hollow organs, including food digestion, blood flow regulation, and waste elimination.
smooth muscle-control type
involuntary-regulated by the autonomic nervous system.
smooth muscle- striations
absent-smooth muscle lacks the sarcomere arrangement seen in skeletal and cardiac muscle.
smooth muscle-contraction style:
peristalsis (wave-like contractions) and mixing movements for efficient organ function.
cardiac muscle-location
found in the walls of the heart (myocardium).
cardiac muscle-function
pumps blood throughout the body by rhythmic contractions.
cardiac muscle- control type
involuntary-regulated by the autonomic nervous system and pacemaker cells.
cardiac muscle-striations
present-similar to skeletal muscle, but with unique structural differences.
cardiac muscle-contraction style
autorhythmic- contracts without neural input due to pacemaker activity.
cardiac muscle-functional syncytium
intercalated discs with gap junctions allow coordinated contraction.
skeletal muscle-location
found in skeletal muscle groups attached to bones via tendons.
skeletal muscle-function
responsible for movement of bones, heat production, and maintaining posture.
skeletal muscle-control type
voluntary(controlled by the somatic nervous system), with some subconscious control, diaphragm, postural muscles).
skeletal muscle-striations
present-due to the organised arrangement of myofibrils in sarcomeres.
skeletal muscle-contraction style
twitch contraction-rapid, forceful contractions that can be sustained or fatigued.
smooth muscle tissue
involuntary control
cardiac muscle tissue
involuntary control
skeletal muscle tissue
voluntary control
structure of a skeletal muscle
muscle>fascicles>muscle fibers/cells> myofibrils > thick and thin filaments
structure of skeletal muscle- Epimysium
The layer of connective tissue that closely surrounds a skeletal muscle
Perimysium
within the epimysium shell, this connective tissue separates muscle tissue into bundles of skeletal muscle fibers called fascicles (fasciculi)
Endomysium
within the skeletal bundles (fascicles0 lies another layer of connective tissue in the form of endomysium.
Endomsysium- is the connective tissue layer surrounding each muscle fibre-a sarcolemma membrane is also present.
myofibril
1-each individual muscle fiber contains hundreds to thousands of myofibrils.
2-these are the contractile elements of skeletal muscle.
3-made up of repeating units called sarcomeres.
