skeletal system

Question 1

Anatomical structure-Bone

Answer 1

A rigid organ that constitutes part of the vertebrate skeleton.

Question 2

Anatomical structure-joint

Answer 2

the articulation of two or more bones

Question 3

anatomical structure-ligament

Answer 3

A connective tissue that attaches bone to bone.

Question 4

anatomical structure-muscle

Answer 4

a contractile tissue which produces human movement

Question 5

anatomical structure-Tendon

Answer 5

A flexible inelastic soft tissue which connects muscle to bone.

Question 6

anatomical structure-cartilage

Answer 6

smooth elastic soft tissue which protects the end of long bones.

Question 7

anatomical structure- nerve

Answer 7

a structure that conducts electrical impulses too and from muscles and organs.

Question 8

Sagittal plane

Answer 8

movement-flexion.

joint-shoulder, hip, knee, elbow & wrist.

Question 9

sagittal plane

Answer 9

movement-extension
joint-shoulder, hip, knee, elbow & wrist

Question 10

sagittal plane

Answer 10

movement-plantarflexion
joint-Ankle(talocrural)

Question 11

sagittal plane

Answer 11

movement-dorsiflexion
joint-talocrural

Question 12

frontal plane

Answer 12

movement-abduction
joint-shoulder & hip

Question 13

frontal plane

Answer 13

movement-adduction
joint-shoulder & hip

Question 14

frontal plane

Answer 14

movement-side flexion
joint-spine

Question 15

frontal plane

Answer 15

movement-radial devlation
joint-wrist

Question 16

frontal plane

Answer 16

movement-unia derviation
joint-wrist

Question 17

Transverse plane

Answer 17

movement-internal rotation
joint-shoulder & hip

Question 18

transverse plane

Answer 18

movement-external rotation
joint- shoulder & hip

Question 19

transverse plane

Answer 19

movement-inversion
joint-ankle (subtalar)

Question 20

transverse plane

Answer 20

movement- eversion
joint- ankle 9subtalar)

Question 21

transverse plane

Answer 21

movement-supination
joint-wrist & elbow

Question 22

transverse plane

Answer 22

movement-pronation
joint-wrist & elbow

Question 23

structure

Answer 23

bone, ligaments and cartilage

Question 24

function

Answer 24

support, protection, movement, storage-mineral reserves (Ca2+)
blood cell production (R&W)

Question 25

structure and function-bone shapes

Answer 25

1-long- longer than they are wide (usually upper and lower limbs) 2-short-typically as broad as they are long (cube-shaped or rounded) 3-flat- relatively thin, flattened shaped and are usually curved 4-irregular- bones whose shape does not fit logically into the previous three categories.

Question 26

structure and function- bone formation & development

Answer 26

1-cell degeneration. 2-cell migration. 3-cell differentiation. 4-synthesis/excretion. 5-multiplication 6-ossification (osteogenesis) the formation of new bone

Question 27

bone formation & development

Answer 27

1-osteoclasts- cells responsible for breaking down bone. 2-growth plates (Epiphyseal plate) the site where bone growth occurs. 3- osteoporosis- porous bones. 6-osteoblasts-cells responsible for production of new bone

Question 28

The three types of cartilage

Answer 28

1-Hyaline cartilage- covers bone ends and lines the surface of joint. costal cartilage. 2- Fibro cartilage- intervertebral discs, symphysis pubis, menisci & joint capsules 3-Elastic cartilage-tip of nose and outer ear

Question 29

Ligaments-structure and functions.

Answer 29

-connects bone to bone -provide support to the joints. -prevent muscles from being overstretched. -consist of collagen fibers.

Question 30

Joint (Upper Limbs)

Answer 30

Glenohumeral joint a-humerus b-scapula (glenoid) Humeroulnar joint a-humerus b-ulnar (olecranon process) proximal radioulnar joint a-head of radius b-ulnar notch

Question 31

Joints (Lower limbs)

Answer 31

Patellofemoral joint a-patella b-femur proximal/distal tibiofbular joints a-Tibia b-fibula femeroacetabular joint a-femur b-pelvis (acetabulum) Tibiofemoral joint a-tibia b-femur Subtalar joint a-talus b-calcaneus

Question 32

The three types of Joints

Answer 32

fibrous joint (immovable joint): sacrum & skull cartilaginous joint (slightly moveable joint): vertebrae, ribs & sternum. synovial joint (freely moveable joint)- shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, ankle

Question 33

synovial joint types.

Answer 33

type- ball & socket example- Glenohumeral joint (shoulder) Femeroacetabular joint (hip)

Question 34

synovial joint types

Answer 34

type-saddle example- carpometacarpal joint

Question 35

synovial joint types

Answer 35

type- hinge example- humeroulnar joint (elbow) tibiofemoral joint (knee) Talocrural (ankle) interphalangeal joints

Question 36

synovial joint types

Answer 36

type- gilding example-acromioclavicular joint -intercarpal joints -sacroiliac joint

Question 37

synovial joint types

Answer 37

type- ellipsoid example- radiocarpal joints -metacarpophalangeal joints & metarsophalangeal joints