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Medical Terminology > musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

musculoskeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Surgery to reshape, reconstruct, or replace a diseased or damaged joint

A

arthroplasty
arthr: joint
-plasty: surgical repair

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2
Q

Inflammation of a joint, usually accompanied by pain, swelling, and stiffness

A

arthritis
arthr: joint
itis: inflammation

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3
Q

Connection between two bones; also called a joint

A

articulation

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4
Q

Shortening or tightening of a muscle

A

contraction

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5
Q

Pertaining to muscles and the skeleton

A

musculoskeletal
muscul/o: muscle
skelet: skeleton
-al: pertaining to

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6
Q

Production of captured shadow images on photographic film through the action of ionizing radiation passing through the body from an external source

A

radiography
radi/o: radiation, x-ray; radius (lower arm bone on thumb side)
-graphy: process of recording

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7
Q

the tinmans oil can is full of synovial fluid, he sprays it on his joints so they can move freely

A
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8
Q

Lubricating fluid secreted by the synovial membrane in the joint

A

synovial fluid

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9
Q

is the branch of medicine concerned with prevention, diagnosis, care, and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders

A

orthopedics

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10
Q

musculoskeletal disorders

A

disease of the body’s:
* bones
* joints, ligaments
* muscles
* tendons.

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11
Q

Theses doctores employ medical, physical, and surgical methods, such as hip arthroplasty, to restore function that is lost as a result of injury to or disease of the musculoskeletal system. They also coordinate their treatments with other health care providers, such as physical therapists, occupational therapists, and sports medicine physicians.

A

orthopedists

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12
Q

This medical doctor specializes in treatment of arthritis and other diseases of joints, muscles, and bones.

A

rheumatologist

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13
Q

a system of therapy based on the theory that disease is caused by pressure on nerves

A

chiropractic medicine

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14
Q

Another health care provider, **not categorized as a physican **who treats musculoskeletal disorders
They do not employ drugs or surgery, the primary basis of treatment used by medical physicians

Do employ radiography to diagnose pathological disorders and determine the most effective type of treatment.

Most treatment involves physical manipulation of the spinal column.

A

Chiropractor

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15
Q

parts of the musculoskeletal system include:

A

muscles, bones, joints, and related structures, such as the tendons and connective tissue, these structures function to support and move body parts and organs

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16
Q

Muscles perform four primary functions:

A
  • producing body movements
  • stabilizing body positions
  • storing and moving substances within the body
  • generating heat
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17
Q

What muscle function helps the body maintain posture

A

contraction

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18
Q

What are some involuntary motions provided by muscle?

A
  • the passage and elimination of food through the digestive system
  • propulsion of blood through the arteries
  • contraction of the bladder to eliminate urine
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19
Q

The main function of bones

A
  • skeleton that supports and protects the body
  • serves as a storage area for mineral salts, especially calcium and phosphorus
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20
Q

what do you call the point at which bones articulate

A

joint

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21
Q

the part of the skull that contains the brain

A

cranium
crani/o

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22
Q

upper fixed bone of the jaw

A

maxilla
maxill/o

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23
Q

lower jaw bone

A

mandible

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24
Q

collarbone

A

clavicle
clavicul/o

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25
Q

the shoulder blade, the bone that connects the humerus with the clavicle

A

scapula
scapul/o

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26
Q

The long bone in the arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow

A

humerus
humer/o

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27
Q

a long flat bone located in the central part of the chest

A

sternum
stern/o

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28
Q

the long curved bones which form the rib cage

A

ribs
cost/o

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29
Q

bones of the spinal column

A

vertebra
vertebr/o

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30
Q

one of the two large bones of the forearm, It extends from the lateral side of the elbow to the thumb side of the wrist and runs parallel to the ulna, thicker than the ulna

A

radius
radi/o

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31
Q

a long bone in the forearm stretching from the elbow to the wrist. It is on the same side of the forearm as the little finger, running parallel to the radius Longer and thinner than the radius, considered to be the smaller long bone of the lower arm

A

ulna
uln/o

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32
Q

is a concave surface of the pelvis

A

acetabulum

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33
Q

Uppermost and largest part of the hip bone

A

illium
ili/o

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34
Q

Ventral and anterior of the three principal bones composing either half of the pelvis

A

pubis
pubi/o

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35
Q

Lower and back part of the hip bone

A

ischium
ischi/o

36
Q

Cartilaginous joint that sits between and joints the left and right superior rami of the pubic bones

A

symphysis pubis

37
Q

The carpal bones are the eight small bones that make up the wrist that connects the hand to the forearm

A

carpal
carp/o

38
Q

Bones of hand

A

metacarpals
metacarp/o

39
Q

the long bones that form the fingers and thumbs in human hands

A

phalanges
phalang/o

40
Q

thigh bone

A

femur
femor/o

41
Q

knee bone

A

patella
patell/o

42
Q

he shinbone or shankbone, is the larger, stronger, and anterior of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates; it connects the knee with the ankle

A

tibia
tibi/o

43
Q

calf bone is a leg bone on the lateral side of the tibia, to which it is connected above and below. It is the smaller of the two bones and, in proportion to its length, the most slender of all the long bones.

A

fibula
fibul/o

44
Q

set of seven irregularly shaped bones situated proximally in the foot in the ankle area.

A

tarsals
tars/o

45
Q

connect the phalanges to the tarsals, There are five in number – one for each digit.

A

metatarsals
metatars/o

46
Q

the bones of the toes

A

phalanges
phalang/o

47
Q

band (fibrous membrane supporting and separating muscles)

A

fascia
fasci/o

48
Q

surgical repair of the fascia

A

fascioplasty

49
Q

Tumor of the fibrous tissue

A

fìbr/oma
fibr/o
fiber, fibrous tissue
-oma: tumor

50
Q

tumor of smooth tissue

A

leiomy/oma
leiomy/o: smooth muscle (visceral)
-oma: tumor

51
Q

pain in the loins (lower back)

A

lumb/o/dynia
lumb/o
loins (lower back)
-dynia; pain

52
Q

pertaining to the muscles

A

muscul/ar
muscul/o:muscle
-ar: pertaining to

53
Q

rupture of the muscle

A

my/o/rrhexis
my/o
-rrhexis: rupture

54
Q

incision of the tendon

A

ten/o/tomy
ten/o: tendon
-tomy: incision

55
Q

surgical repair of the tendon

A

tend/o/plasty
tend/o:tendon
-plasty: surgical repair

56
Q

inflammation of the tendon usually caused from strain

A

tendin/itis
tendin/o:tendon
-itis: inflammation

57
Q

downward displacement of the wrist:* Drop wrist*

A

carp/o/ptosis
carp/o: carpus (wrist bones)
-ptosis: prolapse, downward displacement

58
Q

pertaining to the neck

A

cervic/al
cervic/o: neck; cervix uteri (neck of uterus)
-al: pertaining to

59
Q

beneath the ribs

A

sub/cost/al
cost/o:ribs
sub-: under, below
-al: pertaining to

60
Q

incision through the cranium, usually to gain access to the brain during neurosurgical procedures

A

crani/o:cranium (skull)
crani/o/tomy
-tomy: incision

61
Q

pertaining to the humerus

A

humer/al
humer/o
humerus (upper arm bone)
-al: pertaining to

62
Q

excision or resection of one or more metacarpal bones

A

metacarp/ectomy
metacarp/o
metacarpus (hand bones)
-ectomy: excision, removal

63
Q

inflammation of one or more phalanges

A

phalang/itis
phalang/o
phalanges (bones of fingers and toes)
-itis: inflammation

64
Q

inflammation of any of the vertebrea, usually characterized by stiffness and pain

A

spondyl/itis
spondyl/o:vertebra (backbone)
vertebra (backbone)
-itis: inflammation

65
Q

pertaining to the vertebrea of spinal column

A

vertebr/al
vertebr/o:vertebrea
-al: pertaining to

66
Q

pertaining to the sternum or ribs

A

stern/o/cost/al
stern/o
sternum (breastbone)
cost: ribs
-al: pertaining to

67
Q

painful condition of the heel

A

calcane/o/dynia
calcane/o
calcaneum (heel bone)
-dynia: pain

68
Q

pertaining to the femur

A

femor/o:femur (thigh bone)
-al: pertaining to

69
Q

pertaining to the fibula

A

fibul/ar
fibul/o:fibula (smaller, outer bone of lower leg)
-ar: pertaining to

70
Q
A

patell/ectomy
patell/o:patella (kneecap)
-ectomy: excision, removal

71
Q

measurement of pelvic dimensions or proportions

A

pelv/i/metry
pelv/it
pelvis
-metry: act of measuring

72
Q

X-ray image

A

radi/o/graph
radi/o:radiation, x-ray; radius (lower arm bone, thumb side)
-graph: instrument for recording

73
Q

pertaining to the tibia (shin bone)

A

tibi/al
tibi/o
tibia (larger bone of lower leg)
-al: pertaining to

74
Q

immobility of a joint

A

ankyl/osis
ankyl/o:stiffness; bent, crooked
-osis: abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells)

75
Q

surgical fixation of the joint

A

arthr/o/desis
arthr/o:joint
-desis: binding, fixation (of a bone or joint)

76
Q

inflammation of the cartilage of the anterior chest wall (ribs)

A

cost/o/chondr/itis
chondr/o:cartilage
cost/o: ribs
-itis: inflammation

77
Q

excision of the lamina (boney arches of the vertebrae

A

lamin/ectomy
lamin/o: lamina (part of vertebral arch)
-ectomy: excision, removal

78
Q

herniation of the spinal cord

A

myel/o/cele
myel/o:bone marrow; spinal cord
-cele: hernia, swelling

79
Q

porous bone

A

oste/o/porosis
oste/o:bone
-porosis: porous

80
Q

surgical breaking of adhesions to improve mobility of the joint

A

arthr/o/clasia
-clasia: to break; surgical fracture
arthr/o: joint

81
Q

cell that breaks down bone

A

-clast: to break
oste/o/clast
oste/o: bone

82
Q

paralysis of one side of the body

A

-plegia: paralysis
hemi/plegia
hemi-: half

83
Q

malignant tumor of muscle tissue

A

my/o/sarcoma
-sarcoma:malignant tumor of connective tissue
my/o: muscle

84
Q

shaft or middle region of a long bone

A

dia/physis
dia-:through, across
-physis: growth

85
Q

layer that covers the surface of a bone

A

peri/oste/um
peri-:around
oste: bone
um: structure, thing

Medical Terminology (55 decks)

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