musculoskeletal system 2 Flashcards
hierarchical organisation for muscle
(larger to small) muscle, fascicle束, fibre, myofibrils肌原纖維, sarcomeres肌節
dense irregular connective tissue surrounding entire muscle; may blend with fascia
Epimysium
Epimysium
dense irregular connective tissue surrounding entire muscle; may blend with fascia
fibrous dense connective tissue surrounding fascicles (groups of muscle fibres)
Perimysium
Perimysium
fibrous dense connective tissue surrounding fascicles (groups of muscle fibres)
fine細小的 connective tissue surrounding each muscle fibre
Endomysium
Endomysium
fine areolar connective tissue surrounding each muscle fibre
How do muscles attach to the skeleton?
Muscles span joints (i.e., attach to bone in at least 2 places)
– Origin: attachment that is relatively fixed, typically proximal
– Insertion: attachment that is more moveable, usually distal
Attachments can be direct or indirect
– Direct (fleshy): epimysium fused to periosteum of bone or perichondrium of cartilage
– Indirect: connective tissue wrappings extend beyond muscle as rope-like tendon or sheet-like aponeurosis
muscle can push tendons or bones. T/F
F, only pull, never push
Agonist (Prime Mover)
a muscle or group of muscles that is primarily responsible for producing a specific movement at a joint
a muscle or group of muscles that is primarily responsible for producing a specific movement at a joint
agonist(prime mover)
agonist(prime mover)
a muscle or group of muscles that is primarily responsible for producing a specific movement at a joint
antagonist
a muscle or muscle group that opposes or acts in the opposite direction to the agonist
a muscle or muscle group that opposes or acts in the opposite direction to the agonist
antagonist
antaonist
a muscle or muscle group that opposes or acts in the opposite direction to the agonist
synergist
a muscle or muscle group that works together with the agonist to enhance and support the desired movement
a muscle or muscle group that works together with the agonist to enhance and support the desired movement
synergist
sarcolemma
Plasma membrane in muscle cell
Plasma membrane in muscle cell
sarcolemma
sarcoplasm
Cytoplasm of muscle cell
Cytoplasm of muscle cell
sarcoplasm
Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)
smooth endoplasmic reticulum(ER) in muscle fibres
smooth endoplasmic reticulum(ER) in muscle fibres
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
which two structure surround myofibrils
SR and T-tubules
what does SR store and release during muscle contraction(收縮)
Ca2+
