musculoskeletal system 3

Question 1

articulation

Answer 1

joints

Question 2

Fontanelle

Answer 2

the areas where the skull bones have not fully fused together, leaving a space covered by a tough membrane.

Question 3

the function of Range of motion

Answer 3

assess injury, rehabilitation, and disease

Question 4

structural classifications of joints

Answer 4

fibrous纖維狀
cartilaginous軟骨
synovial滑膜

Question 5

Functional classification of joints

Answer 5

synarthrosis(very little movement)不動關節
amphiarthrosis (slight movement)微動關節
diarthrosis (freely movable)滑液關節

Question 6

synarthrosis

Answer 6

不動關節

Question 7

amphiarthrosis

Answer 7

微動關節

Question 8

diarthrosis

Answer 8

滑液關節

Question 9

fibrous

Answer 9

纖維狀

Question 10

cartilaginous

Answer 10

軟骨

Question 11

synovial

Answer 11

滑膜

Question 12

bones joined by collagen fibres, no joint cavity, little to no movement (Ex: syndesmosis, suture, and gomphosis)

Answer 12

fibrous

Question 13

Bones joined by cartilage, no joint cavity, little to no movement (Ex: synchondrosis-plate of hyaline cartilage unites bones, symphysis-fibrocartilage unites bones)

Answer 13

cartilaginous

Question 14

Bones jointed are separated by a fluid filled cavity

Answer 14

synovial

Question 15

Articular cartilage

Answer 15

關節軟骨

Question 16

關節軟骨

Answer 16

Articular cartilage

Question 17

Joint cavity

Answer 17

關節腔

Question 18

關節腔

Answer 18

Joint cavity

Question 19

Articular capsule

Answer 19

關節囊

Question 20

關節囊

Answer 20

Articular capsule

Question 21

Synovial fluid & membrane

Answer 21

滑液和膜

Question 22

滑液和膜

Answer 22

Synovial fluid & membrane

Question 23

Ligaments

Answer 23

韌帶

Question 24

韌帶

Answer 24

Ligaments

Question 25

six distinguishing features of synovial joint structure

Answer 25

articular cartilage joint cavity articular capsule synovial fluid & membrane ligaments nerves and blood vessels

Question 26

menisci

Answer 26

半月板

Question 27

半月板

Answer 27

menisci

Question 28

Bursae

Answer 28

法氏囊

Question 29

small fluid-filled sacs found throughout the body, typically located between bones, tendons, muscles, and skin.

Answer 29

bursae

Question 30

four important accessory structure of joints

Answer 30

menisci fat pads tendons bursae

Question 31

Three types of range of motion for synovial joint movements

Answer 31

Nonaxial: Gliding movements only Uniaxial: Movement in one plane Biaxial: Movement in two planes Multiaxial: Movement in or around all three planes

Question 32

General types of movements for synovial joint movements

Answer 32

* Gliding: one flat bone surface glides or slips over another similar surface * Angular/rotational movements: increase or decrease angle between two bones * Other movements: ex. dorsiflexion/plantar flexion, pronation/supination, inversion/eversion, retraction/protraction

Question 33

six types of synovial joints

Answer 33

1. Plane/Gliding 2. Hinge 3. Pivot 4. Condylar 5. Saddle 6. Ball-and-socket

Question 34

Gliding/plane joint

Answer 34

slight movement along relatively flat surfaces

Question 35

six types of synovial joints

Answer 35

1. Plane/Gliding: slight movement along relatively flat surfaces (sliding motion) 2. Hinge: cylinder nests in trough (flexion and extension) 3. Pivot: axle fits into a sleeve (rotation) 4. Condylar (ellipsoid): oval surfaces 5. Saddle: pair of concave and convex area 6. Ball-and-socket

Question 36

Sprains

Answer 36

扭傷

Question 37

扭傷

Answer 37

Sprains

Question 38

Dislocations

Answer 38

脫位

Question 39

脫位

Answer 39

Dislocations

Question 40

Subluxation

Answer 40

半脫位

Question 41

半脫位

Answer 41

Subluxation

Question 42

luxations

Answer 42

脫位

Question 43

脫位

Answer 43

luxations

Question 44

graft

Answer 44

移植

Question 45

移植

Answer 45

graft

Question 46

immobilise

Answer 46

固定

Question 47

固定

Answer 47

immobilise

Question 48

shear

Answer 48

剪切

Question 49

剪切

Answer 49

shear

Question 50

wear and tear

Answer 50

磨損和撕裂

Question 51

磨損和撕裂

Answer 51

wear and tear

Question 52

degenerative

Answer 52

退化的