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MYCV > MYCO - CULTURE MEDIA AND INCUBATION REQUIREMENTS, STAINS > Flashcards

MYCO - CULTURE MEDIA AND INCUBATION REQUIREMENTS, STAINS Flashcards

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1
Q

purpose of cycloheximide

A

to prevent the overgrowth of slow growing fungi by more rapidly growing species

important to note that cycoheximide may also inhibitory to some fungi

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2
Q

inhibitory agar controls bacterial contamination more effectively than sabouraud dextrose agar

true or false

A

true

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3
Q

is often used as an inhibitory agent for the growth of contaminating bacteria

A

chloramphenicol

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4
Q

chloramphenicol is used to inhibit contaminating bbacteria, however, what fungi is being inhibited by this antibiotic

A

Nocardia and other aerobic actinomycetes

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5
Q

growth of dimorphic fungi is enhanced on enriched media such as ____

A

brain heart infusion (BHI) containing antibiotics and 5% to 10% sheep blood

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6
Q

esculin-based media containing chloramphenicol and gentamicin or birdseed agar may be used for the cultivation of

A

cryptococcus spp

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7
Q

Agar tends to dehydrate during
the extended incubation period required for fungal recovery,
but this problem can be minimized by using culture dishes
containing at least ____ mL of agar and placing them in a humidified incubator.

A

40 mL

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8
Q

this media is used for primary recover of saprobic and pathogenic fungi

A

BHI

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9
Q

this agar provides a rich medium for bacteria, yeast and pathogenic fungi

A

BHI

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10
Q

this agar provides a rich medium for , yeast and pathogenic fungi

A

BHI with antibiotic

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11
Q

this media is for primary recovery of pathogenic fungi exclusive of dermatophytes

A

BHI with antiobiotic - walang bacteria na maggogrow dito.

diba cutaneous ang dermatophytes, sa cutaenous maraming bacteria, so inhibit yan para fungi llang ang maa-isolate

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12
Q

this media is used for the recovery of fungi from blood

A

BHI biphasic blood culture bottles

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13
Q

the mode of action of this media enhances the recovery of yeasts in blood

A

BHI biphasic blood culture bottles

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14
Q

this medium is for the isolation and presumptive identification of yeast and filamentous fungi

yeast and mold

A

chromogenic agar

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15
Q

chromogen mix contains substrates that react with enzymes produced by different organisms that result in the production of characteristic color changes

A

chromogenic agar

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16
Q

this media is for primary recovery of dermatophytes; recommended as screening medium

A

dermatophyte test medium

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17
Q

mode of action or principle of dermatophytes test medium

A

dermatophytes produce alkaline metabolites, which raise the pH and change the medium from red to yellow

it contains cycloheximide and gentamicin and phenol red as a pH indicator

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18
Q

mode of action of inhibitory mold agar

A

examines plates for growth. Chloramphenicol inhibits bacterial growth

formulated to recover the cyclohexamide-sensitive cryptococcus

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19
Q

enhances the recovery of blastomycosis and histoplasma capsulatum from contaminated specimens

A

yeasts- extract phosphate agar

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20
Q

what are the media that is for primary recover of saprobic and pathogenic fungi

A

BHI
potato flake agar
sabauraud with BHI

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21
Q

used to grow most fungi, especially those from sterile body sites

A

brain heart infusion agar with blood

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22
Q

what are the media that is for primary recover of dermatophytes

A

BHI with antibiotics
dermatophytes test medium
inhibitory mold agar
mycosel agar
yeast extract phosphate agar

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23
Q

cycloheximide inhibits ______, while gentamicin inhibits ______

A

cycloheximde - saprophytic fungi and gram + and - bacteria

gentamicin - gram - bacteria

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24
Q

this differential media is for the detection of ascospores in ascosporogenous yeasts

A

acetate ascospore agar

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25
in this differential media, potassium acetate is necessary and yeast extract increases the sporulation of yeasts
acetate ascospore agar
26
this differential media is used for the identifation of cryptococcus trichosporon rhodoturia
'C'h'R'is'T'ensen 's urea agar
27
principle of christensen's ahar
produces urease and a change in the pH
28
component of christensen's agar
2% urea phenol red
29
acetate ascospore agar components
potassium acetate yeast extract dextrose
30
this differential media is for identification of candida albicans by chlamydospore production
cornmeal agar with tween 80 and trypan blue
31
cornmeal agar with tween 80 and trypan blue's components
cornmeal tween 80 trypan blue
32
in the media cornmeal agar with tween 80 and trypan blue, which component enhances the production of chlamydospores
tween 80
33
in the media cornmeal agar with tween 80 and trypan blue, which component provides contrasting background for observing the morphologic features of the yeasts
trypan blue
34
this media is for the conversion of the dimorphic fungus 'blastomyces' from mold to yeast form
cottonseed conversion agar
35
media composition of cottonseed conversion agar
cottonseed meal glucose
36
cottonseed conversion agar allows conversion of blastomyces spp mold to yeast form within how many days
3 days
37
this media is for the differential identification of Aspergillus spp.
czapeks's agar
38
czapeks's agar's composition
sodium nitrate sucrose yeast extract
39
this media is for the identification of cryptococcus neoformans and cryptococcus gattii
niger seed agar (birdseed agar)
40
principle of identification of C. neoformans and gattii using niger seed agar
produce enzyme 'phenol oxidase', resulting in a brown pigment through metabolism of caffeic acid
41
this media is for the detection of nitrate reduction to confirm 'cryptococcus spp'
nitrate reduction medium
42
principle of nitrate reduction medIum
if the cryptococcus yeast produces nitrate reductase, a cherry red indicates a positive test result
43
a media for demonstration of pigment production by trichophyton rubrum
potato dextrose agar
44
this differential agar is used to enhance the conidia development
potato dextrose agar
45
principle of potato dextrose agar
carbohydrate and potato infusion promotes the growth of yeasts and molds, while the low ph partially inhibits bacterial growth
46
this media is for identification of microsporum audouinii
rice medium
47
rice medium composition
white rice extract polysorbate 80
48
a component of rice medium that will enhance chlamydospores formation by candida albicans
polysorbate 80
49
rice medium differentiates microsporum canis to audouinii, what's their differences
canis - grows well in rice medium and with yellow pigment (isipin mo nalang canis- canin - dilaw na kanin) audouinii - no growth in rice medium
50
this agar will differentiate ff cryptococcus trichophyton mentagrophytes from rubrum
urea agar
51
what's the use of urea in urea agar
provides nitrogen source for organisms producing urease. Urease releases ammonia, which increases the pH and is indicated by a color change from red to yellow
52
identification of yeasts by determining fermentation
yeast fermentation broth
53
principle of yeast fermentation broth
most yeasts produce acid, which is indicated by a change in the solution from purple to yellow as a positive fermenter
54
identification of yeasts by determining carbon hydrate assimilation
yeast nitrogen-base agar
55
cultures should be examined at least how many times weekly during incubation
3 times
56
cultures should be incubated at room temp or preferably at 30*C for 21-30 days before they are reported as negative true or false
truelalu
57
cycloheximide can partially or completely inhibit what fungi
Cryptococcus neoformans candida krusei and other candida spp trichosporon P. boydii Aspergillus nocardia and other aerobic actnomycetes
58
this method is used to clear the specimen to make fungi more readily visible
potassium hydroxide
59
in potassium hydroxide , if five minutes clearing is not enough, additional how many minutes is necessary
five to 10 mns
60
advantage of potassium hydroxide
rapid detection of fungal elements
61
disadvanatage of potassium hydroxide
requires experience because background artifacts are often confusing, clearing of some specimens may require an extended time
62
this stain is used for the examination of melanin pigment in fungal cell walls
masson-fontana stain
63
time required for staining specimen using masson-fontana stain
1 hr and 10 mns
64
advantage of masson-fontana stain
aids differentiation of melanin and hemosiderin pigments
65
this stain is used for the detection of dungi in histologic section
methenamine silver stain
66
methenamine silver staining time
1 hr
67
best stain for detecting fungal elements
methenamine silver stain
68
disadvanatage of methenamine silver stain
requires a specialized staining method that is not usually readily available in microbiology laboratories
69
this stain is useful in examination of secretions for malignant cells
papanicolau stain
70
papanicolau stain staining time
30 mns
71
advantage of papanicolau stain
cytotechnologist can detect fungal elements
72
disadvantage of papanicolau stain
fungal elements stain pink to blue
73
periodic acid schiff stainining time
20 mn; five mn additional if counter stain is used
74
advantage of periodic acid schiff stain
stains fungal elements well; hyphae of molds and yeasts can be readily distinguished
75
disadvantage of periodic acid schiff stain
nocardia spp do not stain well
76
saline wet mounts time required
1 mn
77
advantage of saline wet mounts
quickly performed and cost effective
78
disadvantage of saline wet mounts
specimens must be fresh; not all specimens are visible with this preparation
79
wright's stain is used in
bone marrow or peripheral blood smears sample
80
wright's stain staining time
7 mn
81
advantage of wright's stain
detects histoplasma capsulatum and cryptococcus spp
82
disadvantage of wright's stain
most often used to detect H. capsulatum and cryptococcus spp in disseminated disease
83
stains used to show capsules in tissue
hematoxylin and eosin stains
84
biochemical test of cryptococcus neoformans
positive for urease and phenol oxidase inositol utilization Negative for nitrate reduction

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