MYCO - Dematiaceious (Melanized) Molds

Question 1

The _______ fungi are characterized by dark coloration
as a result of their ability to produce melanin and are known
agents of superficial and subcutaneous mycoses that involve
the skin and subcutaneous tissues

Answer 1

dematiaceous

Question 2

In the mycology laboratory, dematiaceious fungal species are often initially separated by growth rate into the slow-growing dematiaceous molds, which may require ______ days to grow,

Answer 2

7 to 10

Question 3

rapid-growing dematiaceous molds grow for about how many days

Answer 3

less than 7 days

Question 4

Tinea nigra is a superficial skin infection caused by ____, a halophilic species

Answer 4

Hortaea werneckii

Question 5

It is manifested by blackish
brown non scaly, macular patches on the palm of the hand or the sole of
the foot

Answer 5

Tinea nigra

Question 6

Lesions of tinea nigra have been compared with _______ staining
of the skin.

Answer 6

silver nitrate

Question 7

is a fungal infection of the hair, scalp,
and occasionally the axillary and pubic hair

Answer 7

Black piedra

Question 8

Black piedra is caused by

Answer 8

dematiaceous fungus - Piedraia hortae.

Question 9

Diagnosis can be made by submerging hair in a solution of __

Answer 9

25% KOH or NaOH with 5% glycerol and heating.

Question 10

Microscopic examination of black piedra will reveal

Answer 10

compact masses of dark,
septate hyphae and round to oval asci containing 2-8 hyaline, aseptate banana-shaped ascospores

Question 11

It is characterized by the presence of soft, white,
yellowish, beige, or greenish nodules on the hair shaft.

Answer 11

white piedra

Question 12

causative agent of white piedra

Answer 12

Trichosporon ovoides is the causative agent of scalp infections,

T. inkin causes most cases of pubic white piedra.

Question 13

black or white piedra

focused on scalp and less on body, face, and auxillary

Answer 13

black piedra - hard and black nodules

Question 14

black or white piedra

less on scalp and focused on body, face, and auxillary

Answer 14

white piedra - soft and white

Question 15

banana shaped ascospores microscopically

Answer 15

black piedra

Question 16

oval or rectangular arthroconida microscopically

Answer 16

white piedra

Question 17

a common plant pathogen, causes infections of the skin and nails
that may lead to hyperkeratosis

Answer 17

Neoscytalidium dimidiatum

Question 18

A _______is a chronic granulomatous infection that usually involves the lower extremities but may occur in any part of the body.

Answer 18

mycetoma

Question 19

The infection is characterized by swelling,
purplish discoloration, tumorlike deformities of the subcutaneous
tissue, and multiple sinus tracts that drain purulent
material containing yellow, white, red, or black granules.

Answer 19

mycetoma

Question 20

Bacterial mycetoma

Answer 20

Nocardia, Actinomadura, and Streptomyces spp.

Question 21

White grain mycetoma

Answer 21

P. boydii and Acremonium and
Fusarium spp.

Question 22

Black grain mycetoma

Answer 22

Madurella spp., Exophiala
jeanselmei, and Curvularia spp.

Question 23

is a general term used to describe any
infection caused by a dematiaceous organism;

Answer 23

Phaeohyphomycosis

Question 24

is a chronic fungal infection acquired
through traumatic inoculation of an organism,
primarily into the skin and subcutaneous tissue

Answer 24

Chromoblastomycosis