N2 - Human Roundworm

Question 1

large nematdoe and the primary causative agent of Ascariasis in humans

Answer 1

Ascaris lumbricoides

Question 2

life cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides

Answer 2

1. egg
2. larva
3. migration
4. adult

Question 3

Ascaris lumbricoides:
egg

Answer 3

• fertilized eggs are expelled in the feces of an infected host
• eggs embryonate under optimal conditions (warm and moist soil) for approx. 3 weeks

Question 4

Ascaris lumbricoides:
larva

Answer 4

• once ingested, eggs hatch in duodenum
• larva penetrates intestinal wall to enter lymphatic and circulatory system of host
• migrate from organ to organ (e.g. liver, heart lungs)

Question 5

Ascaris lumbricoides:
migration

Answer 5

• in lungs, larvae ascend via trachea, coughed up, swallowed, and return to the intestines
• migration allows larvae to molt multiple times before maturity

Question 6

Ascaris lumbricoides:
adult

Answer 6

• live in the host’s small intestine
• can reside up to 2 years
• female adult can produce 200,000 eggs daily

Question 7

mode of transmission of Ascaris lumbricoides

Answer 7

1. fecal-oral route
2. inadequate sanitation

Question 8

ingestion of fertilized eggs from contaminated food, water, or soil

Answer 8

fecal-oral route

Question 9

pathogenesis of Ascaris lumbricoides

Answer 9

1. nutritional impact
2. tissue damage
3. intestinal blockage

Question 10

symptoms of Ascaris lumbricoides

Answer 10

1. abdominal pain
2. nausea and vomiting
3. diarrhea or constipation
4. malnutrition
5. repiratory symptoms

Question 11

diagnosis for the human roundworm

Answer 11

1. stool sample
2. imaging tests

Question 12

imaging tests for diagnosis of human roundworm

Answer 12

1. x-ray
2. ct scan
3. ultrasound
4. endoscopy
5. MRI

Question 13

geographical distribution of Ascaris lumbricoides

Answer 13

tropical regions, particularly in Asia and the Western Pacific

Question 14

who is at risk of Ascaris lumbricoides

Answer 14

1. preschool children
2. school-aged children
3. women of reproductive or pregnant stage
4. adults in risky jobs like tea-picking or mining

Question 15

treatment for human roundworm

Answer 15

1. albendazole
2. ivermectin
3. mebendazole

Question 16

prevention for Ascaris lumbricoides

Answer 16

1. stay away from areas and food grown in contaminated dirt
2. be cautious when traveling to areas where there might be poor sanitation, over-population and inadequate sewage