T4 - Clonorchiasis Flashcards
(16 cards)
disease caused by Clonorchis sinensis (Chinese or oriental liver fluke)
Clonorchiasis
causes Clonorchiasis
Clonorchis sinensis
life cycle pattern of Clonorchis
- embryonated eggs (already has miracidium) passed in feces to water
- miracidia penetrate snail’s tissues
- free-swimming cercariae encyst in skin or flesh of freshwater fish
- metacercariae in flesh or skin are ingested by definitive host
- excyst in duodenum and ascend to biliary duct though ampulla of Vater
- adults in biliary duct or liver of definitive host
where does larvae descend to biliary duct
through ampulla of Vater
maturation duration of Clonorchis
~ 1month
mode of transmission of Clonorchis
ingestion of undercooked, salted, pickled, or smoked fish containing metacercariae
Pathogenesis of Clonorchis
- Desquamation of Epithelial Cells
- Hyperplasia and Desquamation of Epithelial Cells
- Hyperplasia, Desquamation and Adenomatous Tissue Formation
- Proliferation of Periductal Connective Tissue and Fibrosis
when larvae reach biliary system, they cause local trauma and toxic irritation
Desquamation of Epithelial Cells
body responds to irritation by triggering hyperplasia and continued desquamation of epithelial cells
Hyperplasia and Desquamation of Epithelial Cells
adenomatous tissue formation occur in bile ducts as infection persists
Hyperplasia, Desquamation and Adenomatous Tissue Formation
there is marked proliferation of periductal connective tissue
Proliferation of Periductal Connective Tissue and Fibrosis
Symptoms of Clonorchis
- indigestion
- nausea
- abdominal pain
- hepatomegaly
- diarrhea
- constipation
- fever
- jaundice
Diagnosis for Clonorchis
- stool sample
- blood test
- imaging
- liver biopsy
Geographical Distribution of Clonorchis
- East Asia (Korea, China, Taiwan, northern Vietnam)
- Eastern Russia
People at Risk of Clonorchis
people who eat raw or undercooked freshwater fish
treatment for Clornorchis
- triclabendazole
- praziquantel
- albendazole
