NATO

Question 1

Article 5

Answer 1

• attack on one member is an attack on all
• collective security

Question 2

Early Role

Answer 2

• established at the end of WW2
• the role was to “keep the Russians out. the Americans in and the Germans down”

Question 3

The cold war

Answer 3

• NATOs main role was to counter the Warsaw pact that included countries like the USSR (1955)
• by 1985, a more relaxed soviet leader was happy to negotiate with NATO, took control of the USSR and the cold war came to an end

Question 4

NATOs changing role

Answer 4

NATO had other roles after the cold war ended
- Aimed to fight fascism in Europe
- Many former Warsaw pact members eg Poland have joined NATO in recent years
- Article 5 triggered after 9/11

Question 5

Successes

Answer 5

• over 70 percent of global military spending goes to NATO, all members are required to spend 2 percent of their GDP
• led to the end of the cold war
• Article 5 gives protection to weaker Eastern European states that are geographically close to Russia

Question 6

Failures

Answer 6

• its mission since the end of the cold war has been controversial, with tensions in the Middle East still unresolved
• many question why it still exists
• 67 percent of spending comes from the USA

Question 7

Article 5 example

Answer 7

• invoked after 9/11
• led to military action in Afghanistan
• 20 year mission ended in chaos with rapid Taliban takeover after US withdrawal

Question 8

Libyan Civil war example

Answer 8

• intervened to protect civilians
• ended in chaos and ongoing civil war

Question 9

military intervention example

Answer 9

Kosovo war
- military interventions in the Balkans to stop ethnic cleansing
- 1999 Kosovo war ended in the peaceful removal of Serbian troops

Question 10

Ukraine war example

Answer 10

Ukraine war (2022-ongoing)
- Russias invasion of Ukraine challenged NATOs deterrence power