NCLEX Random Flashcards
(200 cards)
1
Q
______ is used in myesthenia gravis to confirm the diagnosis.
A
Tensilon
2
Q
Myesthenia gravis is caused by a d/o in the transmission of impulses from _____ to _____
A
nerve to muscle
3
Q
ALS is a condition in which there is a degeneration of»_space;»>
A
Neurons in both the upper & lower motor neuron system
4
Q
Esophagus doesn’t fully develop (surgically emergency)
A
transesophageal fistula
5
Q
The 3 C’s of TEF.
1)
2)
3)
A
cough
choking
cyanosis
6
Q
The MMR vaccine is given?
A
SQ
7
Q
Mass-casulty
A
Red- unstable, occluded airway, actively bleeding, see first
Yellow- stable, can wait up to an hour for tx , ie burn see second
Green- stable, can wait even longer to be seen, “walking wounded”
Black-unstable clients that will probably not make it, need comfort measures
DOA-dead on arrival
8
Q
They put an amulet or any other use of protective charms around their baby’s neck to avoid “evil eye” or envy of others.
A
greek heritage
9
Q
Cannot interpret TIME. Need to explain time in relationship to a known COMMON event (Mom will be back after supper)
A
4 year olds
10
Q
Name a contrainindication for Hep B vaccine.
A
Anaphylactic reaction to baker’s yeast.
11
Q
Do you have an allergy to ___? (before flu shot)
A
eggs
12
Q
Do you have an allergy to ____ or ____ before MMR?
A
eggs
neomycin
13
Q
When on nitroprusside, monitor ______. Normal value should be __, over is heading towards toxicity.
A
thiocynate (cyanide)
14
Q
Can you still give immunization if your child has a cold?
A
YES
15
Q
SARS is ____ +____ , just like ?
A
airborne & contact … varicella
16
Q
HEP A is _____
A
contact precaution
17
Q
Tetanus, Hep B, HIV _____ _____
A
standard precautions
18
Q
Williams position ?
A
semi fowler’s with knees flexed to relieve lower back pain.
19
Q
External rotation, shortening, adduction !
A
signs of a fractured hip
20
Q
Fat Embolism : ____ tinged sputum, (r/t inflammation), increase ___, ABGs?, HYPO_____, increased serum lipids, “snow storm” effect on chest x-ray
A
blood
serum lipids
respiratory alkalosis
HYPOcalcemia
21
Q
Complications of mechanical ventilators
A
pneumothorax, ulcers
22
Q
Allupurinal = NO ______
A
vitamin C
23
Q
A localized disorder of bone remodeling that typically begins with excessive bone resorption followed by an increase in bone formation.
A
Paget’s disease
24
Q
Name 3 s/s of Paget’s disease
A
tinnitus, bone pain, enlargement of bone, thick bones
25
An X-ray test that provides pictures of the kidneys, the bladder, the ureters, and the urethra.
Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP)
26
IVP requires ___ ___ so they can visualize the bladder better.
bowel prep
27
Acid Ash diet
cheese, corn, cranberries, plums, prunes, meat, poultry, pastry, bread
28
Alk Ash diet
milk, veggies, rhubarb, salmon
29
Orange Tag is psych ?
non emergent
30
Greenstick fractures, usually seen in ___ bone breaks on one side and ___ on the other
kid
| bend
31
___ is a side effect of thyroid hormones. Increased metabolism, your body is too busy to sleep as opposed to the folks with hypothyroidism who may report ____ (dec met rate, body is slow and sleepy)
Insomnia
| Somoneolence
32
____ for strabisms. Patch the ___ eyes so that the weaker eye can get stronger.
botox
| good
33
Tidal volume=
COPD patients : __LNC or less (hypoxic not hypercapnic drive), PaO2 of ___ and SaO2 of ___ is normal for them b/c they are chronic retainers
7-10 ml/kg
| 2, 60%, 90%
34
What to use to reverse the effects of pancuronium bromide ( a nondepolarizing muscle relaxant approved to induce skeletal muscle relaxation during anesthesia and to facilitate the management of patients undergoing mechanical ventilation)
atropine and neostigmine( a parasympathomimetic ,treats MG)
35
Amphotericin b will cause.. ____ (amongst many other things, gotta pre-medicate patient before giving). Most likely will get a ?
hypocalcemia
fever
Amphotericin B- antifungal
36
Test for ___ before the administration of ASPARAGINASE
sensitivity
| a cancer drug that treats leukemia
37
Take Vermox with ? (increases absorption)
high fat diet
| Vermox is used to treat infections caused by worms such as whipworm, pinworm, roundworm, and hookworm
38
Kidney Glucose threshold?
180
39
Amphogel and Renegal take with
meals
40
Stranger anxiety is greatest at which age?
Separation anxiety peaks in ______.
MMR is a ___ shot?
7-9
toddler
SQ
41
Lymes is mostly found in ?
| Asthma and Arthritis (sport?)
Conneticut
| swimming
42
Irreversible, involuntary movements of the tongue , face & extremities, may happen after...
Tardive Dyskinesia
| may happen after prolonged use of antipsychotics
43
Motor restlessness , need to keep going, tx with antiparkinson's meds, can be mistaken for agitation
akathisia
44
When drawing ABGs put blood in a ____ tube, make sure there are no ____, put on ___ immediately after drawing, with a label indicating if the patient was on....
heparinized
bubble
label
room air, how many L of O2
45
What test should you do before ABG to check for significant blood flow?
Allen's test
46
Before going to the PFT , a pts_____withheld and they are not allowed to....
bronchodilator
| smoke for 4 hours prior
47
For a lung biopsy , position patient.... have patient breath in mid-expiration, chest x-ray done immediately afterwards to check for complications of pneumothorax, ___ dressing applied
lying on the side of the bed or with the arms raised up on the pillows over the bedside table
sterile
48
For a lumbar puncture, pt is position in _______, keep pt FLAT for ___ hours afterwards, sterile dressing, frequent ___ assessments
lateral recumbent fetal position
2-3 hours
neuro
49
EEG hold med for _____ prior, no caffine or cigarettes for __ hours prior , PT CAN EAT, pt must stay awake night before exam, pt. may be asked to ____ and watch a bright flashing light, after EEG, assess pt for ____ because the will be at an increased risk
24-48
24
hyperventilate
seizures
50
A test that detects electrical activity in your brain using small, flat metal discs (electrodes) attached to your scalp.
An electroencephalogram (EEG)
51
Diamox used for ____ can cause _____
glaucoma, hypokalemia
52
Dexedrine used for ___ may alter ___ needs, avoid taking with ____, take in the ____. What is a possible side effect
```
ADHD
insulin
MAOis
morning
insomnia
```
53
Cytovene used for ____ caused by cytomegalovirus, pt will need regular eye exams. REPORT (3 things immediately!)
retinitis
dizziness
confusion
seizures
54
INH used to treat and prevent ____, do not give with ____, can cause ____ toxicity, monitor LFT's, give with ___, what will occcur initially and then resolve?
```
TB
Dilantin
phenytonin
B6
hypotension
```
55
What for TB dues bodily fluids orange
Rifampin
56
If mixing antipsychotics (Haldol, Throazine, Prolixin) with fluids, med is incompatible with two liquids?
Apple Juice and caffine
57
Preferred antipsychotic in the elderly? But high risk for ________ monitor for early sign of reaction and give with ?
Haldol
extrapyramidal S.E: (dystonia, TD, tightening of jaw, stiff neck, swollen tongue, later on swollen airway)
Benadryl IM
58
First line anti-psych drug for children? Doses over 6 MG can cause?
risperdal
| TD
59
Lavodopa for ______ , contraindicated in patients with ____, avoid ___
Parkinsons
Glaucoma
B6
60
Sinemet for _____ , contraindicated with ?
MAOIs
61
Hydroxurea for ____, report ____symptoms immediately could be signs of toxicity
sickle-cell
| GI
62
Zocor for _____, take on _____ to enhance absorption, report any unexplained ..... especially if there is a ?
hyperlipidemia
empty stomach
muscle pain
fever
63
Decorticate is toward the __ and Decerbrit is the other way (out)
CORD!
64
BOTOX (Botulin toxin) can be used with ____ also to ____ in spasmodic dysphonia
strabismus
| relax vocal cord
65
A psychiatric d/o that causes an individual to self-inflict injury or illness or to fabricate symptoms, of physical or mental illness, in order to receive medical care or hospitilization.
Munchausen syndrome
66
An individual typically a mother, intentionally causes or fabricates illness in a child or other person under her care.
Muchausen by proxy
67
A chronic, progressive disease with demyelinating lesions in the CNS which affect the white matter of the brain and spinal cord
Motor:
Sensory:
Cerebral:
MS
Motor: limb weakness, paralysis, slow speech
Sensory: numbness, tingling tinnitus
Cerebral: nystagmus, ataxia, dysphagia, dysarthia
68
Chorea: 50% genetic, autosomal dominant d/o
s/s: ___,___, movements of the face, limb, body. __ deteriorates to .....
No cure! Just palliative care
writhering, twisting
| gait, no ambulation
69
WBC shift to the ____ with pyelonephritis (neutrophils kick in to fight infections)
left
70
Definitive dx for AAA->
CT scan
71
Uremic fetor->
smell urine on the breath; a urine-like odor on the breath of persons with uremia.The odor occurs from the smell of ammonia, which is created in the saliva as a breakdown product of urea
72
Don't use Kayexalate if ?
hypoactive bowel sounds
73
Bile is lower obstruction , no bile is upper obstruction, ribbon-like stool
Hirschsprung's
74
Pancreatic enzymes are...
taken with each meal, not before or after
75
A person should not have ___ & ___ before an occult blood test?
cantaloupe and fish, cantaloupe is high in Vit C which causes a false + for occult blood
76
Hypospadius: Abnormality where the ____ ___ is located on the ___ surface of the penis from the corona to the perineum.
urethral meatus , ventral back , remember hypo(low)- for the lower side or the underside
77
Opening of the urethra on the dorsal front surface of the penis
Epispadias
78
Painful erection lasting longer than 6 hours.
Priapism
79
Anticholinergic effects: assessment
| - Four cant's !
can't spit- dry mouth
cant's piss- urinary retention
can't shit- constipation
can't see- blurred vision
80
When you see coffee Brown emesis think?
Anytime you see fluid retention think?
An answer that delays tx is ALWAYS wrong
peptic ulcer
| haert problems
81
PVD-> DAVE
Dependent for arterial, Venous elevated
82
NCLEX tip
When choosing an answer think in this manner, if you can only do ONLY on thing to help this patient what would it be? Pick in the most important intervention
83
NCLEX tip
If two answers are the exact opposite. For example bradycardia & tachycardia, one is probably the answer
84
NCLEX tip
If two or three answers are similar or alike, none is correct
85
NCLEX tip
When asking questions,never use WHY
86
NCLEX tip
If you have never heard of it don't pick it
87
NCLEX tip
Never release traction unless you have an order from the MD to do so
88
NCLEX tip
Questions about halo? Remember safety first, have a screwdriver nearby
89
Compartment syndrome is an emergency. Top two classic symptoms. other P's.. Neuromuscular damage is irreversible __
Pain and paresthesias( pallor, pulselessness, paralysis, poikilothermia)
4-6 hours after onset
90
NCLEX tip
Always deal with actual problems or harm before potential problems
91
NCLEX tip
Always select a patient focused answer
92
NCLEX tip
An answer that states reassess in 15 mins is probably wrong
93
Interpersonal Model
| Infancy (0-18 months) others will...
satisfy needs
94
Interpersonal Model
| Childhood (>6)- learn to delay...
delay need gratification
95
Interpersonal Model
| Juvenile (6-9)-learn to relate
to peers
96
Interpersonal Model
| Preadolescence(9-12)-learns to relate to ___
friends of opposite sex
97
```
Interpersonal Model
Early adolescence(12-14)-
```
learn independence and how to relate to opposite sex
98
```
Interpersonal Model
Late adolescence(14-21)- develop...
```
intimate relationship with person of opposite sex
99
Fetal alcohol syndrome- What's up with this babies nose? size? lip?
upturned nose
flat nasal bridge
thin upper lip
SGA
100
Where to admin IM for 6 month infants?
Vastus lateralis
101
Where to admin IM for toddler if 18 months and older
Ventrogluteal
102
Two IM sites appropriate for children?
deltoid and gluteus maximus
103
Quick Abbreviations
OU-
OS-
OD-
both eyes
left eye
right eye (dominant right eye)
104
COAL !
cane, opposite, affected, leg
105
RED- IMMEDIATE !
injuries are life threatening but survivable with minimal intervention. EX- hemothorax, tension pneumothorax, unstable chest and abdominal wounds, INCOMPLETE amputations , open fx's of long bones, and 2nd/3rd degree burns with 15-40% body surface
106
Yellow- DELAYED!
Injures are significant and require medical care, but can wait hrs w/o threat to life or limb. Ex: stable and wounds without evidence of hemorrhage, fx requiring open reduction, debridement, external fixation , most eyes and CNS injuries
107
Green-MINIMAL !
Injuries are minor tx can be delayed to hrs or days, Individuals in this group should be moved away from main triage area. Ex: upper extremity fx, minor burns, sprains, sm lacerations, behavior d/o
108
BLACK-EXPECTORANT
Injuries are extensive and chance of survival are unlikely. Seperate but don't abandoned, comfort measures if possible. Ex- unresponsive, SCI, wounds with anatomical organs, 2nd/3rd degree burn with 60% of body surface area, seizures, profound shock with multiple injuries, no pulse, b.p, pupils fixed and dilated
109
Thoracentesis prep- Take v.s, shave area needle insertion, how to position patient, no more than _______ at a time, Post-procedure...
position patient with arms on pillow on over bed table or lying side, listen for bilateral breath sounds, vs, check leakage , sterile dressing
110
NCLEX TIP
CT- assess for allergies
| MRI- claustrophobia, no metal, assess pacemaker
111
Cardiac cath: NPO___, ____ bladder, check pulses, tell pt that they may feel??or a desire to cough with dye injection. Post-op : vital signs, keep legs straight, bedrest for 6-8 hours
8-12 hours
empty
palpitations
112
Cerebral angio prep- well hydrated, lie ___, pulses marked !. Post- keep flat for ___ hours, check site, pulses, force fluids
flat
| 12-14 hours
113
Lumbar puncture: __ position, POST- neuro assessment 15-30 mins until stable, flat for 2-3 hours, encourage fluids, what to take for HA?? observe dressing.
flat
| oral analgesics
114
EEG- the night before? meals ? tranquilizers. stimulants? may be asked to ? 3-4 mins with ?
NO SLEEP
not withheld
held 24-48 hours before
hyperventilate, bright flashing light
115
Myelogram: How long NPO? allergy hx, Phenothiazines, CNS depressants, and stimulants withheld ? table will be moved to various positions during the test. Neuro checks , water soluble = ? oil soluble =? oral analgesics for HA, encourage po fluids, assess for distended bladder, inspect site
4-6 hours, 48 hours, HOB up, HOB down,
116
A diagnostic imaging procedure done by a radiologist. It uses a contrast dye and X-rays or computed tomography (CT) to look for problems in the spinal canal, including the spinal cord, nerve roots, and other tissues.
Myelogram
117
Liver biopsy: Admin(2 thing) ____, NPO morning of exam , Teach patient that he will be asked to .... position ? Post-procedure: position ? frequent vs, repost severe abdominal pain stat, no heavy lifting for a week
Vitamin K and sedative
| hold breath 10-15 sec, supine position lateral with upper arm elevated. Post- RIGHT side
118
Laparoscopy: __ used to enhance visual, general anesthesia, Foley! Post- what to do with patient to decrease __ build up from procedure
CO2
CO2
walk with patient
119
Paracentesis : Position? empty bladder ! Post- vs, report elevated temp, observe for signs of ?
semi fowlers, or upright on edge of bed
| hypovolemia from pulling off too much fluid
120
A form of imaging of the renal pelvis and ureter. Types include: Intravenous pyelogram In which a contrast solution is introduced through a vein into the circulatory system.Assess for ?
pyelogram, allergies
121
Sengstake blakemore tube used for the tx of ? keep what at the bedside?
esophageal varices, keep scissors
122
Hemovac- used after mastectomy, empty when full or Q8hr, remove contents, place on flat surface, cleanse opening and plug with sponge. How to remove air? , release plug, check system for operation
compress evacuator completely to remove air
123
S/S: Pulmonary tuberculosis : afternoon?
low-grade fever
124
S/S: Pneumonia -> sputum color
rusty
125
S/S: Asthma-> wheezing on?
expiration
126
S/S: Emphysema-> chest?
barrel
127
S/S: Kawasaki syndrome?
strawberry-tongue
128
S/S: Pernicious anemia-> tongue?
red-beefy
129
S/S: Down-syndrome-> tongue?
protruding
130
S/S:Cholera-> stool?
rice,watery stool: A bacterial disease causing severe diarrhea and dehydration, usually spread in water.
131
S/S:Malaria-> stepladder like ___ with ___
fever w/ chills
132
S/S:Typhoid-> abdomen?
rose-spots: symptomatic bacterial infection due to Salmonella Typhi
133
S/S: Diptheria->______ formation
psuedo membrane : infection of the nose and throat : due to an infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
134
S/S:Measles-> ____ spots
kopliks
135
S/S:SLE-> rashes
butter-fly
136
Liver cirrhosis -> spider-like ___
varices
137
Leprosy- face?
lioning face
138
Bulimia- face?
chimpmunk
139
Appendicitis...
rebound tenderness
140
Dengue: A mosquito-borne disease occurring in tropical and subtropical areas. S/S
petechiae or (+) Herman's sign
141
Meningitis
1) Leg flex then leg pain on extension
2) Neck flex=lower leg flex
Kernig
| Brudzinski
142
Tetany: _____ (+) Trousseau's sign /carpopedal spasm; Chvostek sign (facial spasm)
hypocalcemia
143
Risus sardonicus occurs in-> a highly characteristic, abnormal, sustained spasm of the facial muscles that appears to produce grinning
tetanus
144
Cullen's sign(ecchymosis of umbilicus) and Grey turners spots( bruising of the flanks)
pancreatitis
145
Olive like mass.
pyloric stenosis
146
Machine like murmur
PDA
147
Bronze like skin pigmentation..
Addison's disease
148
Moon face appearance and buffalo bump
Addison's disease
149
Exopthlamus
Grave's disease/hyperthyroidism
150
Sausage shaped mass, dance sign (empty portion of RLQ)
Intussusception
151
Ms-Charcot's Triad=SIN
1. Nystagmus (the uncontrolled movement of the eyes from in a lateral motion)
2. Intention tremor
3. Staccato speech
152
Descending muscle weakness.
MG
153
Ascending muscle weakness
GB
154
Homan's sign?
DVT:A positive sign is present when there is pain in the calf on forceful and abrupt dorsiflexion of the patient's foot at the ankle while the knee is extended
155
Vesicular Rash (central to distal) drew drop on rose petal
Chicken Pox
156
Crushing stubbing pain relived by NTG
Anginia
157
MI- crushing stubbing pain which radiates to _____ shoulder, neck, arms, unrelieved by NTG.
left
158
Inspiratory Stridor
Croup
159
TEF (Tetralogy of Fallot )
Coughing
Chocking
Cyanosis
Continous Drooling
160
Epiglottis - 3 D's
drooling, dysphonia , dysphagia: A flap that is made of elastic cartilage tissue covered with a mucous membrane, attached to the entrance of the larynx.
161
Painless, progressive enlargement of spleen & lymph tissues, Reedstenberg cells
Hodgekin's DSE/Lymphoma
162
Hallmarks of mononucleosis... (3 things)
sore throat, CERVICAL lymph adenopathy, fever
163
Pill-rolling tremors
Parkinsons
164
Fibrin Hyalin(Respiratory distress syndrome): ____ grunt
expiratory grunt
165
Salty Skin
Cystic fibrosis
166
Polyuria, Polydispia, Polyphagia
DM
167
Kussmauls breathing (deep & rapid)
DKA
168
Bladder cancer-> painless?
hematuria
169
Reduced size and force of urine
BPH
170
Pemphigus Vulgaris: Nikolksky's sign-> separation of? caused by?
Separation of epidermis caused by rubbing of the skin.
| Immune d/o: chronic blistering skin disease with skin lesions that are rarely pruritic, but which are often painful
171
Retinal detachement: (3 things)
visual floaters, flashes of light, curtain vision
172
Painful vision loss, tunnel/gun barrel/halo vision (peripheral vision loss)
Glaucoma
173
Painless vision loss, opacity of the lens, blurred vision
Cataracts
174
Retino Blastoma - Cat's eye reflex (color?)
grayish discoloration of the pupils
175
Coarse facial feature..
acromegaly: Acromegaly is a hormonal disorder that develops when your pituitary gland produces too much growth hormone during adulthood. When this happens, your bones increase in size, including those of your hands, feet and face. Acromegaly usually affects middle-aged adults.
176
Gower's sign (use of hands to push one's self from the floor)
Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
177
Barrets esophagus (erosion of the ___ portion of the esophageal mucosa)
lower, GERD
178
Flapping, temors
hepatic encephalopathy
179
Increase ICP vs Shock
ICP- hypertension, brachypnea, bradycardia
| Shock- hypotension, tachypnea, tachycardia
180
Meniere's Disease ( 2 things)
vertigo, tinnitus : Meniere's disease is a disorder of the inner ear that causes spontaneous episodes of vertigo — a sensation of a spinning motion — along with fluctuating hearing loss, ringing in the ear (tinnitus), and sometimes a feeling of fullness or pressure in your ear. In many cases, Meniere's disease affects only one ear.
181
Cystitis - ____ during urination
burining
182
Chvostek & Trosseaus Sign
HYPOcalcemia
183
Recurrent bloody diarrhea
Ulcerative colitis
184
Lyme's disease - what kind of rash ?
Bull's rash
185
Ottorhea(An infection of the air-filled space behind the eardrum) = ___ fracture
Signs of orbital fracture?
Basilar
| racoons eyes, battles sign
186
Take iron elixir with 1) and 2) NEVER With ?
juice and water, MILK
187
Kawasaki's leads to ?
cardiac problems
188
Dilantin
10-20
189
Theophyline
10-20
190
Acetaminophen
10-20
191
Lithium
0.5-1.5
192
Digoxin
0.8-2.0
193
Osteomyletitis is an ______ bone disease. Give _____ cultures, _____, then if necessary surgery to drain abscess.
infectious, blood cultures, antibiotics
194
Nephrotic syndrome s/s 1)_______ 2)_____ . Turn and reposition (risk of impaired skin integrity)
edema, HYPOtension
195
NCLEX Tips
To access role relationship pattern focus on image and relationships with others.
196
Renal impairment: Serum creatine ______ Urine Clearance______
elevated, decreased
197
Norm.Serum creatinine: ___(men), _____(women)
| Norm. Urine clearance -> _____ (lab values)
0.8-1.8(men), 0.5-1.5 (women)
| 85-135
198
Atropine
Hot as a Hare (TEMP) , Mad as a Hatter (LOC), Red as a beet (flushed face), and dry as a BONE (thirsty)
199
Hemoglobin levels
Neonates 18-17
3 months 10.6-16.5
3 yrs 9.4-15.5
10 yrs 10.7-15.5
200
Glomerulonephritis : Take vs q__hrs + daily weights
4
