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Question 1

How did Hitler come to power?

Answer 1

In 1919, Hitler joined a small political party that eventually became the Nazi party. He became the leader of the party and shaped it to his own ideas:
-He promised Germans he would get back the land lost due to WW1
-He promised to restore Germany to world leadership and greatness; “Make Germany great again”
-He voiced his belief that Aryans (“the Master Race,” people of so-called “pure German descent”) should rule the world
-He blamed Jews and foreigners for Germany’s loss in WW1 and the hardship that followed

Question 2

What were the three main reasons Canada wasn’t prepared for war?

Answer 2

Pacifism:
-The Women’s International League for Peace vigorously campaigned for an end to war
-Political leaders such as J.S. Woodsworth tried to have the House of Commons declare Canada’s neutrality in any future war

Isolationism:
-Canada had joined the League of Nations, but never played a leading role and wanted to avoid involvement in future conflicts at all costs

Political Leadership:
-Only seven diplomatic missions abroad
-WLMK was concerned a foreign war would divide Canada the way it had during WW1
-He also wanted to protect Canada’s newfound autonomy

Question 3

Who was Lord Beaverbrook?

Answer 3

Britain’s Minister of Aircraft Production. Ensured the production of Spitfire planes, which were vital to the RAF’s success.

Question 4

Explain the Dieppe Raid.

Answer 4

-Commando-style raids against occupied France
-Organized by the Allies under pressure from the Soviet Union
-Meant to ease the burden on the Russian army by attacking Hitler’s “Fortress Europe”
-The plan: secure the town, bomb the harbours, and get out
-Over 6,000 soldiers participated along with hundreds of airmen and sailors
-Relied too heavily on tanks
-Germans quickly pinned down the Canadians and shot them up

Question 5

Explain the Italian Campaign/Battle of Ortona.

Answer 5

-Operation Husky: The 1st Canadian Infantry Division and the 1st Canadian Armoured Brigade planned on invading the island of Sicily by sea
-Canadian soldiers mouse-holed their way through Sicily to avoid German troops on the streets
-5,300 Canadians died in Italy
-Germans ended up withdrawing

Question 6

Explain D-Day.

Answer 6

-A.K.A Operation Overlord
-Final invasion of Northwest Europe from England to the shores of France
-Over 5,000 ships and 107,000 men stormed the beaches of Normandy