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11_Pediatrics > Neonatology > Flashcards

Neonatology Flashcards

1
Q

significance of delayed cord clamping

A

dec of incidence of anemia

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2
Q

prevents neonatal hypothermia and to inc colonization with protective family bacteria

A

uninterrupted skin to skin contact

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3
Q

target temperature for newborns

A

36.5- 37.5

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4
Q

Classification of prematurity based on BW

A

LBW: <2500g
VLBW: <1500g
extremely LBW: <1000g

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5
Q

Classification of prematurity based on gestational age

A

Late preterm ≥34, <37
Very preterm <32
Extremely preterm <28

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6
Q

most imp component of APGAR score is the

A

respiration

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7
Q

best description of APGAR

A

assess neonates in need of resuscitation

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8
Q

day of life NBS is done

A

24-48h `

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9
Q

expanded NBS covers how many diseases

A

28

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10
Q

ideal time for NBS for preterm

A

5-7 days

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11
Q

MCC of congenital hypothyroidism

A

Thyroid dysgenesis

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12
Q

purplish reticulated pattern noted on the skin of a neonate when exposed to cold

A

cutis marmorata

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13
Q

slate blue, well demarcated areas of pigmentation over the buttocks and back

A

mongolian spots

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14
Q

small white occasionally vesiculopustular papules on an erythematous base develop after 1-3 days. Contains eosinophils

A

Erythema toxicum

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15
Q

vesiculopustular eruption over a dark macular base around the chin, neck, back and soles, contains neutrophils

A

pustular melanosis

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16
Q

cysts appearing on the hard palate which is composed of accumulations of epithelial cells

A

Epstein pearls

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17
Q

pearly white papules seen mostly on the chins and around the cheeks

A

Milia

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18
Q

open and closed comedones or inflammatory pustules and papules on the cheeks of the baby usually after a week from delivery

A

neonatal acne

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19
Q

pink macular lesions on the nape, glabella, upper eyelids, or nasolabial region

A

nevus simplex

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20
Q

hair that covers the skin of preterm infants, seen on term infants around the shoulders

A

lanugo

21
Q

cross the midline and suture lines

A

caput succedaneum

22
Q

subperiosteal hemorrhage

A

cephalohematoma

23
Q

limited to surface of one cranial bone

A

cephalohematoma

24
Q

no discoloration of overlying scalp

A

cephalohematoma

25
Q

edema, echymoses, and swelling apparent right after birth

A

caput succedaneum

26
Q

may cause jaundice

A

cephalohematoma

27
Q

term infant with severe respiratory disease, scaphoid abdomen on PE

A

congenital diaphragmatic hernia

MC type: Bochdalek hernia

28
Q

omphalocoele or gastroschisis?

assoc with other congenital anomalies

A

omphalocoele

29
Q

gastroschisis is more common on left side or right side of umbilicus

A

right side

30
Q

triad of pathophysiology of NEC

A

intestinal ischemia
enteral nutrition
pathologic organisms

31
Q

double bubble sign

A

duodenal atresia

32
Q

UTZ: SMV to the left of the artery, upper GI series → absence of cecum

A

Dx: malrotation

33
Q

surfactant is present in fetal lung by

A

20 wk AOG

34
Q

surfactant appears amniotic fluid

A

28-32 wk AOG

35
Q

mature levels of pulmonary surfactant present after

A

35 wk AOG

36
Q

definition of apnea

A

cessation of breathing for longer than 20 secs

37
Q

MCC of apnea

A

idiopathic

38
Q

primary cause of TTN

A

slow absorption of fetal lung fluid

39
Q

CXR: prominent pulmonary vascular markings, fluid in the intralobar fissures, overaeration, flat diaphragms

A

TTN

40
Q

aspirated meconium, grunting, nasal flaring, intercostal retractions, tachycardic, hypoxemic

A

Persistent pulmonary HTN

41
Q

Primary cause of PPHN

A

persistence of the fetal circulatory pattern of right-to-left shunting through the PDA and foramen ovale after birth

42
Q

CXR finding of PPHN

A

normal

43
Q

very useful diagnostic in evaluating a patient with PPHN

A

real-time echo with doppler flow

44
Q

CXR finely granular lungs, ground glass appearance

A

hyaline membrane disease

45
Q

CXR bubbly lungs

A

BPD

46
Q

CXR coarse streaking granular pattern of both lung fields

A

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome

47
Q

Perihilar streaking

A

neonatal pneumonia

48
Q

CXR: prominent pulmonary vascular markings, fluid in the intralobular fissures, overaeration, flat diaphragms

A

transient tachypnea of newborn

49
Q

MCC of jaundice in neonates

A

physiologic

11_Pediatrics (14 decks)

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