Neonatology

Question 1

significance of delayed cord clamping

Answer 1

dec of incidence of anemia

Question 2

prevents neonatal hypothermia and to inc colonization with protective family bacteria

Answer 2

uninterrupted skin to skin contact

Question 3

target temperature for newborns

Answer 3

36.5- 37.5

Question 4

Classification of prematurity based on BW

Answer 4

LBW: <2500g
VLBW: <1500g
extremely LBW: <1000g

Question 5

Classification of prematurity based on gestational age

Answer 5

Late preterm ≥34, <37
Very preterm <32
Extremely preterm <28

Question 6

most imp component of APGAR score is the

Answer 6

respiration

Question 7

best description of APGAR

Answer 7

assess neonates in need of resuscitation

Question 8

day of life NBS is done

Answer 8

24-48h `

Question 9

expanded NBS covers how many diseases

Answer 9

28

Question 10

ideal time for NBS for preterm

Answer 10

5-7 days

Question 11

MCC of congenital hypothyroidism

Answer 11

Thyroid dysgenesis

Question 12

purplish reticulated pattern noted on the skin of a neonate when exposed to cold

Answer 12

cutis marmorata

Question 13

slate blue, well demarcated areas of pigmentation over the buttocks and back

Answer 13

mongolian spots

Question 14

small white occasionally vesiculopustular papules on an erythematous base develop after 1-3 days. Contains eosinophils

Answer 14

Erythema toxicum

Question 15

vesiculopustular eruption over a dark macular base around the chin, neck, back and soles, contains neutrophils

Answer 15

pustular melanosis

Question 16

cysts appearing on the hard palate which is composed of accumulations of epithelial cells

Answer 16

Epstein pearls

Question 17

pearly white papules seen mostly on the chins and around the cheeks

Answer 17

Milia

Question 18

open and closed comedones or inflammatory pustules and papules on the cheeks of the baby usually after a week from delivery

Answer 18

neonatal acne

Question 19

pink macular lesions on the nape, glabella, upper eyelids, or nasolabial region

Answer 19

nevus simplex

Question 20

hair that covers the skin of preterm infants, seen on term infants around the shoulders

Answer 20

lanugo

Question 21

cross the midline and suture lines

Answer 21

caput succedaneum

Question 22

subperiosteal hemorrhage

Answer 22

cephalohematoma

Question 23

limited to surface of one cranial bone

Answer 23

cephalohematoma

Question 24

no discoloration of overlying scalp

Answer 24

cephalohematoma

Question 25

edema, echymoses, and swelling apparent right after birth

Answer 25

caput succedaneum

Question 26

may cause jaundice

Answer 26

cephalohematoma

Question 27

term infant with severe respiratory disease, scaphoid abdomen on PE

Answer 27

congenital diaphragmatic hernia | MC type: Bochdalek hernia

Question 28

omphalocoele or gastroschisis? | assoc with other congenital anomalies

Answer 28

omphalocoele

Question 29

gastroschisis is more common on left side or right side of umbilicus

Answer 29

right side

Question 30

triad of pathophysiology of NEC

Answer 30

intestinal ischemia enteral nutrition pathologic organisms

Question 31

double bubble sign

Answer 31

duodenal atresia

Question 32

UTZ: SMV to the left of the artery, upper GI series → absence of cecum

Answer 32

Dx: malrotation

Question 33

surfactant is present in fetal lung by

Answer 33

20 wk AOG

Question 34

surfactant appears amniotic fluid

Answer 34

28-32 wk AOG

Question 35

mature levels of pulmonary surfactant present after

Answer 35

35 wk AOG

Question 36

definition of apnea

Answer 36

cessation of breathing for longer than 20 secs

Question 37

MCC of apnea

Answer 37

idiopathic

Question 38

primary cause of TTN

Answer 38

slow absorption of fetal lung fluid

Question 39

CXR: prominent pulmonary vascular markings, fluid in the intralobar fissures, overaeration, flat diaphragms

Answer 39

TTN

Question 40

aspirated meconium, grunting, nasal flaring, intercostal retractions, tachycardic, hypoxemic

Answer 40

Persistent pulmonary HTN

Question 41

Primary cause of PPHN

Answer 41

persistence of the fetal circulatory pattern of right-to-left shunting through the PDA and foramen ovale after birth

Question 42

CXR finding of PPHN

Answer 42

normal

Question 43

very useful diagnostic in evaluating a patient with PPHN

Answer 43

real-time echo with doppler flow

Question 44

CXR finely granular lungs, ground glass appearance

Answer 44

hyaline membrane disease

Question 45

CXR bubbly lungs

Answer 45

BPD

Question 46

CXR coarse streaking granular pattern of both lung fields

Answer 46

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome

Question 47

Perihilar streaking

Answer 47

neonatal pneumonia

Question 48

CXR: prominent pulmonary vascular markings, fluid in the intralobular fissures, overaeration, flat diaphragms

Answer 48

transient tachypnea of newborn

Question 49

MCC of jaundice in neonates

Answer 49

physiologic