Nephro Flashcards
(141 cards)
1
Q
Fever
Rash
Eosinophilia
A
AIN
2
Q
Apple green bifringence on Congo red staining
A
Amyloidosis
3
Q
Heroin is a risk factor for
A
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
4
Q
What is diagnostic criteria for AKI
A
Urine output less than 0.5ml/kg/h over 6 hrs
5
Q
Causes of diffuse GN
A
SLE
Post streptococcal
6
Q
Commonest inherited disorder causing thrombosis
A
Factor 5 laden
7
Q
Complication of plasmapheresis
A
Hypocalcemia
8
Q
Why alcohol suppression cause polyuria
A
Cause it suppress ADH in post pituitary gland
9
Q
How to diff AIN from ATN
A
Urine dip
10
Q
Most common associated cardiac condition with ADPKD
A
MVP
11
Q
Crescenteric GN seen in
A
Rapidly proliferating GN
Has 3 conditions
1 Werner’s
2 GPS
3 Microscopic polyangiitis
12
Q
What is AKI
A
Urine output less than 0.5ml/kg/h
13
Q
Investigation of choice for ADPKD
A
USG
14
Q
Drug used in management of ADPKD
A
Tolvaptan (ADH receptor blocker)
15
Q
Most common cardiac complication associated with ADPKD
A
MVP
16
Q
A
17
Q
Biopsy finding of Amyloidosis
A
Apple green bifringence and Congo red staining under polarised light
18
Q
Renal biopsy finding of GPS
A
Gig deposits along basement membrane
19
Q
A black necrotic tissue that is painful and purpurin and on labs there is hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and hyperparathyroidism
A
Calciphylaxis lesion
20
Q
Most common infection seen in renal transplant
A
CMV presents as fever, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and deranged transaminases
21
Q
How do you diagnose CMV infection in transplant patients
A
PCR
22
Q
Treatment for CMV infection transplant patients
A
Valganciclovir
23
Q
Lithium causes what kind of DI
A
Nephrogenic DI
24
Q
Proximal RTA
A
Fanconi syndrome
25
On ultrasound or MRI string on bead appearance
Fibromuscular dysplasia
26
HIV and heroine cause
FSGS
27
On renal biopsy immune complex deposition with dense deposits
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
28
29
Tram track appearance on electron microscopy
Membranoproliferative GN/ mesangiocapillary GN
30
Causes of DPGN
SLE
Post streptococcal
31
Henoch Schonlien purpura causes
IgA nephropathy mesangioproliferative
32
33
34
Commonest inherited disorder causing thrombosis
Factor 5 ladies
35
Normal anion gap metabolic acidosis
RTA
36
Raised anion gap metabolic acidosis
DKA
37
Prevention of calcium stones
Thiazide diuretics
38
Prevention of oxalate stones
Pyridoxine and cholestyramine
39
HTN
Hematuria
Hypercalcemia
RCC with metastasis
40
Radiolucent stones
Urate and xanthine
41
Semi opaque stones
Cystine
42
Why patient with renal transplant are prone to develop skin cancer
Due to long term use of immunosuppressant
43
Common adverse effect of spironolactone
Spironolactone
44
Hyaline arteriosclerosis
Mesangial expansion
GBM thickening
Biopsy finding of diabetic nephropathy
45
Uric acid stones can be prevented by
Allopurinol
Urinary alkalanixation with oral bicarbonate
46
Where do aldosterone acts
CCT or distal portion of DCT
47
How to calcium reasonium works
Used in chronic hyperkalemia by removal of potassium from body rather than shifting between compartments
48
Most common cause of peritonitis secondary to peritoneal dialysis
S.epidermidis
49
If a young female develops AKI after use of ACEI
Fibromuscular dysplasia
50
Gentamicin causes
Intrinsic AKI
51
Acute management of renal colic
IM diclofenac
52
Cause of HUS
E.coli H1017
53
Most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in child is
Minimal change disease
54
Micturating cystography is investigation of choice for
Reflux nephropathy
55
Rhabdomyolysis characterized by
Raised plasma CK levels
56
Treatment for rhabdomyolysis
IV fluid rehydration
57
Urine dip indication
Helps differentiate ATN from AIN
58
Normal protein Uric levels
3 - 30mg per day
59
Microscopic albuminuria range
30-300mg per day
60
Urine dipstick test negative in
Microscopic albuminuria
61
62
Meaangioproliferative GN
IgA nephropathy
63
Membranous GN
Membranoproliferative GN
64
Poor prognosis in IgA nephropathy
ACE genotype
Protein Uric
Microscopic hematuria
65
Mainstay of treatment in beurgers disease
Smoking cessation
66
Thrombangitis obliterans
Beurgers disease
67
Polyarthritis
Abd pain
IgA nephropathy
HSP
68
HSP in ANCA positive or negative
Negative
69
Causes of macroscopic hematuria
HSP
dPGN
PSGN
70
Most common and severe complication of SLE
DPGN and it is class 4
71
Causes of minimal change disease
Rifampicin
NSAIDS
infectious mononucleosis
Hodgkin
72
Third most common cause of ESRD
MGN
73
Causes of FSGS
Alport syndrome
Sickle cell anemia
IgA
HIV
Heroine
74
High recurrence rate in glomerulopathies
FSGS
IgA
MCGN
75
Causes of large sized kidneys
Sclerosis
Reflux nephropathy
76
Drugs associated with retroperitoneal fibrosis
Ergot derivatives (methysergide)
Beta blockers
Methyldopa
Hydralazine and certain analgesics
77
78
ADH is synthesized in
Supraoptin nuclei and paraventricular nuclei of hypothalamus
79
Wolframs syndrome
Diabetes inspidus
Diabetes mellitus
Optic atrophy
Deafness
80
81
Management of central DI
Desmopressin
82
Management of nephrogenic DI
Low protein diet
Thiazide diuretic
83
HBV associated with
PAN
84
HCV associated with
CGD
85
Paraneoplacstic syndrome association of nephrotic syndrome
HLA DR 3
86
Features of uremia
Flapping tremor
Chest pain
ST elevation with concavity in uremic pericarditis
87
ST elevation with concavity seen in
Uremic pericarditis
88
What is function of erythropoietin
Exercise tolerance improves
89
Common cause of renal artery stenosis in young is
Fibromuscular dysplasia
90
Epo resistance seen in
Infection
Iron def
Inadequate dose
91
Common cause of renal artery stenosis in elderly due to
Atherosclerosis
92
Commonest cause of fanconi syndrome
Cystinosis
93
Cholesterol embolization always presents with
Eosinophilia
94
Disproportionate renal failure seen in
Rhabdomyolysis
95
Thin and split GBM
Alport syndrome
96
Renal biopsy for Alport syndrome shows
Basket weave appearance
97
antenatal period: hydronephrosis on ultrasound
recurrent childhood urinary tract infections
Vesicoureteric reflux
98
Diagnosis of but made by
MCUG
dMSA scan
99
First line treatment for BPH
Tamsolusin (alpha 1 receptor antagonist)
100
Causes of RPGN
Werner’s
GPS
SLE
Microscopic polyarteritis
101
Treatment for PD induced peritonitis
vancomycin (or teicoplanin) + ceftazidime added to dialysis fluid OR vancomycin added to dialysis fluid + ciprofloxacin by mouth
102
103
a triad of clinical findings consisting of haemorrhagic nephritis, sensorineural hearing loss and characteristic ocular findings
Alport syndrome
104
Renal biopsy showing splitting of lamina densa and basket weave appearance
Alport syndrome
105
Lab finding of Rhabdomyolysis
Hyperkalemiaa
Hypocalcemia
5 times raised CK
High phosphate levels
Metabolic acidosis
Disproportionately raised Cr
106
Treatment for minimal change disease
Steroids
IV cyclophosphamide
107
Causes of hyperaldosteronism
As cites
Hypertension
Heart failure
Nephrotic syndrome association
Conn syndrome
108
Adverse effect of spironolactone
Hyperkalemia
Gynecomastia
109
MOA of spironolactone
K sparing diuretic
Aldosterone antagonist
110
Management of renal stones with hypercalciuria
Thiazide diuretics
111
Amyloidosis associated with renal dialysis
Beta 2 microglobulin
112
Amyloidosis associated with chronic infection like TB bronchiectasis and RA
AA Amyloidosis
113
Protein associated with ARPKD
Fibrocystin
114
Recurrent renal stones in childhood with family history
Cystinuria
115
Diagnosis of cystinuria made by
cyanide-nitroprusside test
116
Anti-p62 antibodies are associated with
Primary biliary cirrhosis
117
Organism causing epididymo orchitis
C.trachomatis
N.meningitis
118
Management for epididymo orchitis
IM ceftriaxone stat + oral doxycycline for 2 weeks
119
Adverse effects of EPO
Hypertension
Thrombosis
120
SLE associated with
Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis
121
What is difference between IgA nephropathy and PSGN
IgA presents within 1 2 days of infection while PSGN presents 1 2 weeks after infection
122
How to diff between ATN and AIN
Urine dip
123
How do you manage BP in ADPKD
ACEi
124
Management of ADPKD
Tolvaptan
125
Multiple cylindrical lesions at
right angles to the cortical
surface on renal biopsy
ARPkD
126
Normal anion gap
8-14 mmol/l
127
Management for goodpasture syndrome
Plasma exchange
Steroids
Cyclophosphamide
128
129
130
corticomedullary scarring
with atrophy of tubules on imagining
Chronic pyelonephritis
131
Complication of goodpasture syndrome
Pulmonary haemorrhage
132
Hypokalemia and hypercalcemia are together associated with
Hypomagnesemia
Digoxin toxicity
Nephrogenic DI
133
Management of nephrogenic DI
Thiazide diuretics
Salt restriction
134
Fragmented red blood cells
b. Platelets ↓
c. Serum Heptoglobins ↓
d. Schistocytes
HUS
135
Diff between HUS and HSP
There is no thrombocytopenia in HSP
136
Positive immunoglobulin for IgA and C3 levels
IgA nephropathy
137
Starry sky appearance on immunoflourescence
PSGN
138
Syndrome associated with RCC
Staffer syndrome
Patient presents with hepatosplenomegaly and cholesterols
139
Starry sky appearance on immunoflourescence
PSGN
140
Unilateral varicocele seen in
RCC
141
Elevated CK seen in
Rhabdomyolysis
