Nerve Cells

Question 1

Glia

Answer 1

The supporting cells of the CNS

Question 2

Astrocyte

Answer 2

A glial cell that’s provides support for neurons of the CNS.

Question 3

What does a astrocyte do?

Answer 3

Provides nutrients and other substances.

Regulates the chemical composition off the extra cellular fluid

Question 4

Oligodendrocyte

Answer 4

A type of glial cell in the CNS that forms myelin sheaths

Question 5

Microglia

Answer 5

Smallest of glial cells: act a phagocytes and protects the brain from invading microorganisms

Question 6

Schwann cell

Answer 6

A cell in the PNS that is wrapped around myelinated axon, providing one segment of its myelin sheath

Question 7

Sensory neuron

Answer 7

Detects change in the internal or external environment and sends info about these changes to the CNS

Question 8

Motor neuron

Answer 8

Located in CNS and controls the contraction of a muscle or the secretion of a gland

Question 9

Interneuron

Answer 9

Located entirely within the CNS

Question 10

Multipolar neuron

Answer 10

A neuron with one exam and many dendrites attached to ifs soma

Question 11

Unipolar neuron

Answer 11

Has one axon attached to its soma. Axon codices with one branch receiving sensory info and other sending info to the CNS

Question 12

Bipolar neuron

Answer 12

Has one axon and one dendrite attached to its soma

Question 13

Soma

Answer 13

Cell body of a neuron. Contains the nucleus

Question 14

Dendrite

Answer 14

The branched treelike structure attached to the soma of a neuron.
Receives info from the terminal buttons of other neurons

Question 15

Axon

Answer 15

Long thin cylindrical structure that conveys info from the soma to its terminal buttons

Question 16

Terminal button

Answer 16

The bud at the end of a branch of an axon. Forms synapses with another neuron. Sends info to that neuron

Question 17

Neurotransmitter

Answer 17

A Chemical that is released by a terminal button. Has excitatory it inhibitory effect on another neuron

Question 18

Myelin sheath

Answer 18

A sheath that surrounds axons and insulates them, preventing messages from spreading between adjacent axons

Question 19

Synapse

Answer 19

A junction between the terminal button of an axon and the membrane of another neuron

Question 20

Membrane potential

Answer 20

The electrical charge across a cell membrane, the difference in electrical potential inside and outside the cell

Question 21

Resting potential

Answer 21

The membrane potential of. Neuron when it is not being altered by excitatory or inhibitory postsynaptic potential

Question 22

Diffusion

Answer 22

Movement of molecules from regions of high concentration to regions of low concentration

Question 23

Electrolyte

Answer 23

An aqueous solution of material that ionises- namely, a soluble avid, base or salt

Question 24

Ion

Answer 24

A charged molecule. Actions are positively charged, and anions are negatively charged

Question 25

Electrostatic pressure

Answer 25

The attractive force between atomic particles charged with opposite signs of repulsive force between atomic particles charged with the same changed

Question 26

Intercellular fluid

Answer 26

The fluid contained within cells

Question 27

Extracellular fluid

Answer 27

Body fluids located outside of the cells

Question 28

Sodium- potassium transporter

Answer 28

A protein found in the membrane of all cells that extruded sodium ions from and transport potassium ions into the cell

Question 29

Ion channel

Answer 29

A specialised protein molecule that permits specific ions to enter or leave cells