Nervous System

Question 1

Overview of the nervous system&raquo_space;>

Question 2

What 2 systems have the same objective of keeping controlled conditions within limits that maintain life

Answer 2

Nervous
Endocrine

Question 3

How does the endocrine respond ? What does it secrete into the blood ?

Answer 3

Hormones

Question 4

What are the two main subdivisions in the nervous system ?

Answer 4

CNS & PNS

Question 5

CNS Contains…

Answer 5

Brain &
Spinal cord

Question 6

PNS contains 4 things. One thing is ganglia what are the other 3.
Hint: what plexus?

Answer 6

31 pairs of spinal nerves
12 pairs of cranial nerves
Enteric plexus

Question 7

The system has 3 main functions. Sensory, motor & integrative functions.
Is the sensory (receptors) afferent which is to the brain or is it to the effectors (muscles)

Answer 7

Afferent

Question 8

Is motor function afferent or efferent

Answer 8

Efferent

Question 9

Motor neurons from the ANS that conduct impulses from the CNS consists of 2 branches? True or false ?
What are these two divisions ?

Answer 9

True
Parasympathetic and sympathetic

Question 10

heat production (thermogenesis) a effect of the sympathetic division ? Tue of false ?

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Glycogenolysis is a sympathetic bodily reaction? (Converting glycogen to glucose)

Answer 11

True/Yes

Question 12

Relaxation of the smooth muscles of the viscera (including uterus). T or F
True or false

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Contraction of the iris and circular muscles is an effect of the sympathetic system ? True or false ?

Answer 13

False it’s the prasympathetic system

Question 14

The two cells a nerve is compromised of
Is it neurons only ?
Neurons and neuroglia?
Neuroglia?
Or not any of these options

Answer 14

Neurons and neuroglia

Question 15

Can nerves divide ?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

Some neurons initiate impulses while others act as ‘relay stations’ where impulses are passed on and sometimes redirected !
True or false ?

Answer 16

True

Question 17

What forms the grey matter of the nervous system ?

Answer 17

Cell bodies

Question 18

Where is the grey matter found in the body

Answer 18

Periphery of the brain 🧠 🧠 🧠
& Centre of the spinal cord !

Question 19

Groups of cell bodies are called axolemmas ? True or false

Answer 19

False they’re called nuclei

Question 20

Does the axons alone form the whoite matter? Yes or No?

Answer 20

No it’s axons and dendrites

Question 21

Outter most layer of the Schwann cell plasma membrane is called?

Answer 21

Neurilemma

Question 22

What happens when there is an exposed part of the axolemma

Answer 22

Rapid transmission of impulse

Question 23

Is the speed of a impulse fast or slow in a unmyelinated fibre?

Answer 23

Slower

Question 24

White matter is composed of myelinated or non- myelinated axons?

Answer 24

Myelinated

Question 25

Cell bodies, debdrites, unmyelinated axons, axon terminals & Neuroglia are a part of which matter grey or white?

Answer 25

Grey

Question 26

What is it known when a cell is at a depolarized state? ______potential

Answer 26

Action potential

Question 27

What happens when the action potential arrives at synapse

Answer 27

Ca2+ channels open and Ca2+ flows in!

Question 28

Name of vesicle that holds the neurotransmitter?

Answer 28

Synaptic vesicle

Question 29

What’s the synaptic cleft ?

Answer 29

Gap between pre-synaptic vesicle and post-synaptic vesicle

Question 30

When an action potential arrives what happens to the the vesicles ?

Answer 30

Open and release ms neurotransmitter

Question 31

What do inhibitory neurotransmitters do at the post - synaptic cleft?

Answer 31

Stop the action potential

Question 32

What channels open when the excitidory neurotransmitters go past & through

Answer 32

K+ and Na+ channels

Question 33

Arterial BLOOD SUPPLY OF THE BRAIN >>>

Question 34

There are two pairs of arteries that are responsible for the blood supply of the brain. What are they?

Answer 34

Vertebral arteries Internal carotid arteries

Question 35

What anatomical structure do these arteries arise through? And ascend int the ….. Hint: you can feel it & starts with C

Answer 35

The neck and ascends into the cranium !

Question 36

4 main parts of the brain?

Answer 36

Brain stem Cerebellum Diencephalon Cerebrum

Question 37

What is in-between the spinal cord and diencephalon ? Hint: it’s one of the 4 main parts of the brain.

Answer 37

Brain stem

Question 38

What does the brain stem include?

Answer 38

- Midbrain - Pons - Medulla oblongata

Question 39

How many cranial nerves come from the brain stem

Answer 39

10 pairs

Question 40

What skeletal structure has all the nerves from the sensory and motor system going through it to the rest of the body?

Answer 40

🧠 stem.

Question 41

Does the medulla oblongata have the function/ regulation of coughing?

Answer 41

Yes Sneezing Hiccuping HR

Question 42

Cerebellum: How many hemispheres?

Answer 42

2

Question 43

What surrounds the 3 ventricle ? Cerebellum? Diencephalon? Brainstem?

Answer 43

Diencephalon

Question 44

What does diencephalon contain? Hint: thalamus.

Answer 44

Thalamus Hypothalamus Epithalamus