Respiratory System🫁

Question 1

What is pulmonary ventilation

Answer 1

Breathing: inflow & outflow

Question 2

External respiration

Answer 2

Gas exchange in blood and lungs

Question 3

Internal respiration

Answer 3

Gas exchange between blood and cells

Question 4

Upper respiratiory system consists of what 2 things

Answer 4

Pharynx
Nose

Question 5

Lower respiratory system consists of what? Hint: 4 things

Answer 5

Larynx
Trachea
Bronchial tree
Lungs 🫁

Question 6

Respiratory bronchioles is part of which?
- Conductive portion ?
- Respiratory portion ?

Answer 6

Respiratory portion

Question 7

Lung tissues is a part of which ?
- Conductive portion
Or
- Respiratory portion

Answer 7

Respiratory portion

Question 8

Nose is part of which?
- respiratory or conductive portion

Answer 8

Conductive portion

Question 9

Alveolar ducts are a part of which?

respiratory or conductive portion

Answer 9

Respiratory portion

Question 10

Terminal bronchioles?
Respiratory or conductive portion

Answer 10

Conductive portion

Question 11

Trachea

respiratory or conductive portion

Answer 11

Conductive portion

Question 12

Alveoli sacs

respiratory or conductive portion

Answer 12

Respiratory portion.

Question 13

The function of nasal conchae?
There’s 2 functions

Answer 13

Increase surface area & prevents dehydration by trapping water droplets during expiration!!

Question 14

What does the nasal cavilties divide into?

Answer 14

Superior, middle and inferior meatuses.

Question 15

What’ are the projections called in the nasal cavity?

Answer 15

Superior, middle and inferior nasal conchae

Question 16

Where are the olfactory receptors situated?

Answer 16

Mucous membrane in superior conchae .

Question 17

Name the 4 types of paranasal cavities!

Answer 17

• Frontal
• Sphenoidal
• Maxillary
• Ethmoidal

Question 18

True vocal cords. What is the term used to describe them?
Hint: similar to Epi______

Answer 18

Glottis

Question 19

What is The false vocal cords function?

Answer 19

• Create counter pressure when lifting loads.
• Holding the breath against pressure in the thoracic cavity.

Question 20

What is the larynx covered by ?

Answer 20

Mucus & Cillia

Question 21

I hat died the inner layer of the trachea contain?

Answer 21

Cilia to move particles away.

Question 22

Function of the mucous membrane in the larynx and trachea?

Answer 22

Warms and moistens

Question 23

What happens to the trachea in chest trauma/injury

Answer 23

Collapsing of C rings

Question 24

Blockage above larynx undergo a operation called a …

Answer 24

Tracheoectomy

Question 25

What shape are the lungs ?

Answer 25

Cone-shaped

Question 26

What are the lungs covered by

Answer 26

2 layers of pleura Parietal & visceral layers

Question 27

What separates the lungss?

Answer 27

Mediastinum

Question 28

What enters through the Helium to the lungs?

Answer 28

Bronchi Vessels Nerves

Question 29

What disease happens at the Apex of the 🫁 . Just above the clavicle?

Answer 29

Tuberculosis

Question 30

What’s it called at the apex ?

Answer 30

Apical TB

Question 31

What’s it called when TB spreads throughout the lungs ?

Answer 31

Milliary TB.

Question 32

What exposes he lungs exactly underneath the sternum

Answer 32

Cardiac knotch

Question 33

What lies in the helium what goes in through to the lungs. Hint: Nodes

Answer 33

Bronchus Pulmonary artery Pulmonary vein Lymph nodes

Question 34

What is the basic unit unit of gas exchange?

Answer 34

Alveolis

Question 35

What do alveolar cells produce ?

Answer 35

Surfactant

Question 36

From the nasal passage name everything orderly up until the alveoli.

Answer 36

Nasal cavity > pharynx > Larynx > primary bronchus > secondary bronchus > bronchiole > terminal bronchiole > respiratory bronchiole > alveolar duct > Alveoli

Question 37

Where does the heart sit? Hint: it’s not the mediastinum 😜

Answer 37

Cardiac knotch

Question 38

What two circulations does the lungs receive from the blood?

Answer 38

Systemic and pulmonary circulation

Question 39

How do the lungs get their oxygenated blood from which artery ?? Hint: use lung related words

Answer 39

Bronchial arteries

Question 40

Which veins carry the deoxygenated blood from the lungs to the ❤️? Hint: Use lung related words

Answer 40

Bronchial veins

Question 41

What are the lobules supplied by?

Answer 41

Bronchioles

Question 42

What is pneumothorax ?

Answer 42

Air building-up in lung area

Question 43

What is a Heamothorax

Answer 43

Build-up of 🩸 in lungs

Question 44

what type of muscle is the diaphragm ?

Answer 44

Skeletal muscle

Question 45

Which scientist said: Air can go from high to lower pressure.

Answer 45

Dalton

Question 46

Is it a passive process when expiration occurs? Why is this

Answer 46

Yes it’s passive Why? Because there is no involvement of muscle contraction

Question 47

Blowing / forceful breathing is passive or active process and why?

Answer 47

Active process Why? Because there are muscles being contracted.

Question 48

What is Tidal volume ?

Answer 48

Volume of aid which enters the body in each breath !

Question 49

What is minute volume

Answer 49

Volume of air that is inhaled each minute

Question 50

In a healthy adult how many breaths do they do in 1 minute

Answer 50

12-15 per/min

Question 51

How many mls is inhaled per breath

Answer 51

500mls

Question 52

How many is 500mls in litres

Answer 52

6-8L/min

Question 53

What is the partial pressure of gases at sea level ?

Answer 53

760 mmHG

Question 54

What does CPAP stand for

Answer 54

Continuos possitive airway pressure

Question 55

Why is surfactant so important ?

Answer 55

Prevents complete collapse of the lungs

Question 56

What is surface tension? Explain the bubble theory

Answer 56

Surface tension is the water on the outside of the bubble trying to burst the bubble. Surfactant anatomically prevents the collapse of the alveoli

Question 57

What happens with near drowning patients. And the surfactant??

Answer 57

Surfactant is washed out and causes the collapse of lungs 🫁

Question 58

What’s secretes surfactant ?

Answer 58

Alveolar cells

Question 59

Why can’t we expire completely ??

Answer 59

Because surfactant prevents the full collapsing of alveoli

Question 60

What causes hypercarbia

Answer 60

Metabolic disorders like hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism

Question 61

What causes acute respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 61

Surfactant not being present

Question 62

I