Nervous System Flashcards
(8 cards)
What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
- Central Nervous System (CNS): Brain and spinal cord.
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): Nerves outside the CNS, including somatic and autonomic systems.
What is the function of the CNS?
The CNS processes and interprets sensory information and coordinates responses.
What is the role of sensory and motor neurons?
• Sensory neurons: Carry signals from sensory organs to the CNS.
• Motor neurons: Carry signals from the CNS to muscles or glands.
How does the autonomic nervous system (ANS) function?
The ANS controls involuntary actions like heart rate and digestion. It has two branches:
• Sympathetic: “Fight or flight” response.
• Parasympathetic: “Rest and digest” response.
What is a synapse, and how does it work?
A synapse is the gap between neurons where neurotransmitters carry signals from one neuron to another.
What is multiple sclerosis (MS)?
An autoimmune disorder where the immune system damages the myelin sheath of neurons, impairing nerve signal transmission.
What is Parkinson’s disease?
A neurodegenerative disorder caused by the loss of dopamine-producing neurons, leading to tremors, stiffness, and movement issues.
What is the role of the reflex arc?
The reflex arc is a neural pathway enabling immediate responses to stimuli without involving the brain.