Nervous System Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is the nervous system job?
They regulate all body processes and it maintains homeostasis.
What are the two types of Nervous System.
Central Nervous System - Brain + Spinal
Peripheral Nervous System - All other nerves
What are two types of reactions in nervous system?
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
What is the sympathetic reaction?
It prepares you for a fight or flight response it
Increases heart rate, breath rate, and adrenaline
What is a parasympathetic reaction
Used for relaxation
It increases digestion, lowers heart rate, increases thought process, etc.
What are the parts of the brain?
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Medulla
What is the cerebrum?
Used for senses and motor activity and it recieves sensory impulse.
Located at the top of the brain
What is the cerebellum?
Used for balance and motor coordination (homeostasis)
Located just above the brain stem
What is the medulla?
Controls heart rate, blood flow, breathing, and digestion
Located at the base of the brain
What is the spinal cord?
Hollow tubes composed of nerve fibers that carry impulses to and from the brain.
What is the brain made up of?
Nerve cells also known as neurons.
What are neurons?
Nerve cells are where electrical and chemical signals travel=.
-Parts of a neuron-
-Parts of a neuron-
What are the parts of a neuron
Dendrites
Axon
Terminal branches
Nucleus
Cell body
Myelin Sheath
Synapse
What are dendrites?
Fibers that receive info from sense receptors or another neuron. Located on top of cell body.
What is an axon?
Carries messages from the cell body to the axon terminals. Elongated part of the neuron
What are Terminal branches?
Sends impulse to next neuron
Located at the back of the cell.
What is a myelin Sheath?
Axon coating made of myelin cells. Used to make the signal faster.
What is a synapse?
A gap or space between nerve cells which is where drugs affect the nervous system. Cells also releases something called the neurotransmitter which is how neurons communicate.
How does an impulse travel across a synapse?
Electric impulse reaches the terminal branches. Then they release a neurotransmitter. Then the neurotransmitters diffuse across the synapse and bind to specific receptors on the next neuron.
What is a reflex?
A response to a stimulus that does not require conscious thought. Message travels to the spinal cord and back to muscles. DOES NOT GO THROUGH BRAIN!
What are the types of neurons?
Sensory
Inter
Motor
Sensory?
Nerve cells that transmit information to the spinal cord.
Inter
Act as connectors between sensory and motor neurons. Also, relaxes the sensory and motor neurons.
