Nervous system

Question 1

how many spinal nerves are there?

Answer 1

31

Question 2

what are the 2 parts of the nervous system?

Answer 2

Central nervous system

peripheral nervous system

Question 3

what are the components of the CNS?

Answer 3

Spinal cord

brain

Question 4

what is the purpose of the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 4

to connect the CNS to the organs/limbs/skin

Question 5

name the 2 parts of the peripheral system?

Answer 5

Somatic nervous

autonomic nervous systems

Question 6

how many cranial nerves are there?

Answer 6

12

Question 7

name 5 things the are considered to be controlled by autonomic nerves

Answer 7

organs/smooth mucle/ glands

visceral afferent

sympathetic nerves

parasympathetic nerves

Question 8

Lable the picture with:

dendrites

nerve cell body

myelin sheath

ganglion

axon

Answer 8

Question 9

what is special about a named nerve?

Answer 9

it contains multiple nerve fibres

Question 10

a single nerve fiber can…

Answer 10

only conduct 1 of the action potentials regarding the different functions

Question 11

what is special about a mixed nerve

Answer 11

it can carry multiple fibres to any region of the body… therefore detecting many different signals.

Question 12

name the 6 different nerve functions

Answer 12

1. Somatic sensory functions- tells CNS about pain in the body wall.
2. Somatic motor function- skeletal muscle contraction
3. Special sensory function- tells brain about sensation
4. Visceral afferent function- tells CNS about pain from organ
5. Sympathetic function- cardiac/smooth muscle contraction or gland secretion
6. Parasympathetic function- cardiac/smooth muscle contraction or gland secretion

Question 13

Lable the diagram

dendrites

nerve cell body

axon

Question 14

label the diagram

parietal

temporal

occipital

frontal

Answer 14

Question 15

name the 2 components that form the brain

Answer 15

gyrus and sulcus

cerebral neocortex (cortex) divided into for lobes

Question 16

name the 4 lobes that the cerebral neocortex is divided into

Answer 16

frontal lobe

temporal lobe

parietal lobe

occipital lobe

Question 17

what separates the cerebrum

Answer 17

fissure

Question 18

label the diagram:

cerebellum

brain stem

spinal cord

Answer 18

Question 19

what are the functions of the following:

1. frontal lobe
2. parietal lobe
3. temporal lobe
4. occipital lobe
5. cerebellum

Answer 19

1. motor/ impulse control/ judgment
2. visual memory/ processing sensory input
3. proprioception/ sensory information intergration
4. visual processing
5. fine motor control- balance etc

Question 20

where is grey and white matter positioned

what does grey matter and white matter contain

Answer 20

grey on the outside

white is deep into the brain

grey contains cell bodies

white contains myelinated axons

Question 21

what is different about the spinal cord compared to the brain

Answer 21

the spinal cord the white matter is superficial and grey matter is deep

Question 22

name the 12 cranial nerves

Answer 22

1. olfactory
2. optical
3. oculomotor
4. trochlear
5. trigeminal
6. abducent
7. facial
8. vestibulcocochlear
9. glossopharyngeal
10. vagus
11. spinal accessory
12. hypoglossal

Question 23

what number system is used to the cranial nerves

Answer 23

roman numerals

Question 24

label the diagram

Answer 24

Question 25

what nerves are special sensory?

Answer 25

CN I CN II CN VIII

Question 26

what nerves are the somatic motor NERVES ?

Answer 26

CN IV CN VI CN XI CN XII

Question 27

what nerves are mixed functional

Answer 27

CN III - MOTOR/ PARASYM CN V- V1/2 SENSORY V3 SENSORY / MOTOR CN VII- SPECIAL SENSORY, MOTOR/ PARASYM CN IX- SPEICAL SEN/SENSORY/ MOTOR/ PARASYM CN X- SENSORY/ MOTOR/ PARASYM

Question 28

name the 3 fossa in the base of the skull

Answer 28

anterior/ middle/ posterior

Question 29

label the diagram with the following and what nerves 1. cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone 2. superior orbital fissure 3. foramen ovale 4. foramen rotundum 5. optical canal 6. internal acoustic meatus 7. jugular foramen 8. hypoglossal canal

Answer 29

Question 30

which foramen does the spinal cord pass through?

Answer 30

magnum foramen

Question 31

where are the enlargements of the spinal cord

Answer 31

cervical lumbosacral

Question 32

where does the spinal cord end

Answer 32

inferiorly L1/L2 conus medullaris

Question 33

spinal cord spreads out like

Answer 33

cauda equina

Question 34

label the diagram: white/ grey matter/ right anterior roots/ rootlets right posterior roots/rootlets posterior rami anterior rami spinal nerve

Answer 34

Question 35

t4 and t10 dermatome supply what

Answer 35

male nipple and umbilicus

Question 36

what part of the body are there no rami

Answer 36

limb dermatomes

Question 37

the function of the nervous system

Answer 37

respond to environment

Question 38

the nervous system is divided into

Answer 38

the somatic nervous system (external environment) the autonomic nervous system (internal environment)

Question 39

what do the somatic neurones supply

Answer 39

soma= body wall

Question 40

where are the somatic neuron axons found

Answer 40

spinal nerve branches

Question 41

somatic sensory nerve fibres come from

Answer 41

skin/ parietal pleura/ skeletal muscle/ bones/ joints

Question 42

somatic nerve fibres come from

Answer 42

skeletal muscle +diaphragm

Question 43

label the diagram

Answer 43

Question 44

name 2 nerves that run all through the spinal nerves to brain to the body wall

Answer 44

somatic sensory and somatic motor nerve fibres (axons)

Question 45

Autonomic nervous system keeps track of

Answer 45

parasympathetic (rest/digest) and sympathetic (fight/ flight)

Question 46

the sympathetic part of the nervous system supplies

Answer 46

heart/ arterioles/ skin/ lungs/ gut/ pupils/ liver

Question 47

describe sympathetic signal

Answer 47

start from autonomic centres int he brain down the spinal cord exits spinal cord at T1-L2- thoracolumbar outflow travel to sympathetic chains passes into spinal nerves anterior/ posterior pass into the splanchnic nerve to supply organs

Question 48

sympathetic outflow

Answer 48

T1- L2 segments of the spinal cord have lateral horns

Question 49

Parasympathetic outflow leaves from

Answer 49

all axons leave from the CNA via cranial nerves III, VII, XI & X and cia sacral spinal nerves

Question 50

Parasympathetic ganglia in head ...

Answer 50

- lacrimal gland and salivary glands

Question 51

Vagus nerve supplies organs

Answer 51

of the neck, chest and abdomen as far as the mid-gut

Question 52

Sacral spinal nerves ‘carry’ parasympathetic axons

Answer 52

-to the hindgut, pelvis and perineum