Networking Flashcards
(19 cards)
WAN
Wide area Network
What is the internet?
Network of interconnected Networks
What is a LAN?
two or more computers connected togather within a small geographic area
What are Protocols?
defines a set of rules required for data communication between devices
What is Circuit switching?
Circuit switching involves creating a communication between two endpoints for the duration of the transfer of data
No other data can use any part of this circuit until the transmission is complete
data packets used
What are data packets?
when sending across a network,data is broken into equal size chunks(units) called data packets and assembled again at the receiving end
How do data packets help
they improve efficiency and reliability
What is packet switching?
Packets are often sent across networks that have multiple through to a destination
(network often shared)
What is routing?
Routers transfer data packets from one network to another
What is a ‘Hop’ in terms of routing?
Each transfer from a router is known as a hop?
Routing process
Each router stores data about the available routes to the destination
looks up the destination IP ADDRESS (in its routing table)and finds best router to forward the packet to
Routers continue to forward the packet until destination node is reached
Why are packets deliberately kept small?
To ensure that the packets do not take excess time to transfer preventing other packets from moving
What is required when data is transferred from one network to another but with different protocols?
A gateway
What is a MAC address?
Uniquely identifies a physical device with a network interface card(NIC)
What is client-server?
is a model where one entity (the client) requests services from another (the server)
What is peer-to-peer?
have equal status
each computer on the network acts as both client and server there is no centralized control
The TCP /IP stack
Has four layers unlike OSI model with 7
Application-this layer is concerned with the production,comunication adn reception of data
Transport- concered with the establishment and termination of connections between etworks entities via routers
Internet- provide links to transmit datagrams across different networks
Link-not concerned with routers
designed to make overall network hardware independent
what is IP addressing
each device on eh network has an a unique IP Address
both static and dynamic
Differences between circuit and packet switching
CS establishes a route for the duration of the message/PS has no established route
CS sends packets all on same route/PS means packets being sent on individual routes
CS packets remain in correct order (but must be reassembled)/PS packets arrive out of order (and must be reordered)
