Neuro- Anatomy

Question 1

precentral gyrus function

Answer 1

voluntary muscle activation

Question 2

prefrontal cortex function

Answer 2

emotions and judgement

Question 3

broca’s area lobe

Answer 3

frontal

Question 4

broca’s area function

Answer 4

motor aspects of speech

Question 5

postcentral gyrus function

Answer 5

integration of sensation

Question 6

temporal lobe functions

Answer 6

hearing
language comprehension
wernicke’s

Question 7

wernicke’s area lobe

Answer 7

temporal

Question 8

occipital lobe functions

Answer 8

primary visual cortex
visual association cortex

Question 9

caudate loop of the BG function

Answer 9

saccadic eye movements

Question 10

putamen loop of the BG function

Answer 10

scale and amplitude and velocity of movements; reinforces selected pattern, suppresses conflicting patterns; preparatory for movement

Question 11

limbic circuit of the BG function

Answer 11

organize behaviors and procedural learning

Question 12

hypothalamus function

Answer 12

controls autonomic NS and neuroendocrine system; maintains body homeostasis

Question 13

epithalamus pineal gland function

Answer 13

influences circadian rhythm

Question 14

parietal lobe function

Answer 14

perceptual disorders (unilateral neglect- opp side of body)
sensory loss

Question 15

anterior horns of central gray matter

Answer 15

give rise to efferent (motor) neurons

Question 16

posterior horns of central gray matter

Answer 16

contain afferent (sensory) neurons with cell bodies in the DRG

Question 17

DCML system

Answer 17

proprioception, vibration, and tactile discrimination

Question 18

spinothalamic tracts function

Answer 18

convey pain and temp (lateral) and crude touch (anterior)

Question 19

spinocerebellar tracts function

Answer 19

convey proprioception information from muscle spindles, golgi tendon organs, and touch and pressure receptors

Question 20

spinoreticular tracts function

Answer 20

convey deep and chronic pain to reticular formation of brainstem

Question 21

corticospinal tract function

Answer 21

voluntary motor control

Question 22

vestibulospinal tract function

Answer 22

control of muscle tone, antigravity muscles, and postural reflexes

Question 23

rubrospinal tract function

Answer 23

assist in motor function/ coordination

Question 24

tectospinal tract function

Answer 24

assists in head-turning responses to visual stimuli

Question 25

sympathetic nervous system

Answer 25

fight or flight

Question 26

parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 26

rest and digest

Question 27

stretch/myotactic reflex

Answer 27

stimulated by muscle stretch; functions for maintenance of muscle tone, support agonist muscle contraction, and provide feedback about muscle length

Question 28

inverse stretch reflex

Answer 28

stimulated by muscle contraction; functions to provide agonist inhibition, diminution of force of agonist contraction, stretch-protection reflex

Question 29

gamma reflex loop

Answer 29

allows muscle tension to come under control of descending pathways

Question 30

flexor withdrawal reflex

Answer 30

stimulated by cutaneous sensory stimuli; functions as a protective withdrawal mechanism to remove a body part from a harmful stimuli

Question 31

crossed extension reflex

Answer 31

stimulated by noxious stimuli and reciprocal action of antagonists (flexors of one side are excited, so extensors of the same side inhibited and opposite occurs on contralateral side); functions to coordinate reciprocal limb activities such as gait

Question 32

CNI function

Answer 32

sense of smell

Question 33

CNII function

Answer 33

vision- color, clarity, peripheral vision, pupillary light reflex

Question 34

CNIII function (affected)

Answer 34

movement of eyeball (lateral strabismus) opens eyelids (ptosis) constricts pupil (dilation)

Question 35

CN IV function

Answer 35

look down and in (towards nose)

Question 36

CN VI function (affected)

Answer 36

look out/abduct eyes (medial strabismus)

Question 37

CN V function

Answer 37

sensation to face afferent corneal reflex sensation to anterior tongue dampens sound

Question 38

CN VII function

Answer 38

movement of face efferent corneal reflex taste to anterior tongue dampens sound

Question 39

CN VIII function

Answer 39

balance and hearing

Question 40

CN IX function

Answer 40

afferent gag reflex posterior tongue sensation and taste

Question 41

CN X function (affected)

Answer 41

efferent gag reflex (uvula will deviate towards opposite side of lesion) visceral

Question 42

CN XI function

Answer 42

shoulder elevation

Question 43

CN XII function (affected)

Answer 43

tongue protrusion (tongue will deviate towards side of lesion)