Neuro L.8 Main Concepts

Question 1

CN I: olfactory

Answer 1

Foramen: cribriform plates
Function: sensory - smell
Reflex: N/A

Question 2

CN II: optic

Answer 2

Foramen: optic canal
Function: sensory - vision
Reflex: pupillary light reflex (afferents)

Question 3

CN III: oculomotor

Answer 3

Foramen: superior orbital fissure
Function: motor - eye movements (except LR, SO), accommodation; parasympathetics
Reflex: pupillary light reflex - efferents, vestibulo-ocular reflex

Question 4

CN IV: trochlear

Answer 4

Foramen: superior orbital fissure (only cranial nerve that exits brain dorsally)
Function: motor - superior oblique - down/in
Reflex: vestibulo-ocular reflex

Question 5

CN V: trigeminal

Answer 5

Foramen:
V1: superior orbital fissure
V2: foramen rotundum
V3: foramen ovale
Function: Sensory - sensation to face; Motor: muscles of mastication
Reflex: afferents corneal blink

Question 6

CN VI: abducens

Answer 6

Foramen: superior orbital fissure
Function: motor - lateral rectus
Reflex: n/a

Question 7

CN VII: facial

Answer 7

Foramen:
- enters: internal auditory meatus
- exits: stylomastoid foramen
Function: Sensory - anterior ⅔ tongue; Motor - orbicularis oculi (closes eye), muscles of facial expression, stapedius; Parasympathetics: tear and salivation
Reflex: corneal blink - efferents

Question 8

CN VIII: vestibulocochlear

Answer 8

Foramen: internal auditory meatus
Function: sensory - head position, hearing
Reflex: vestibulo-ocular - afferents

Question 9

CN IX: glossopharyngeal

Answer 9

Foramen: jugular foramen
Function: Sensory - posterior ⅓ tongue, pharynx; Motor - stylopharyngeus; parasympathetics
Reflex: gag reflex - afferents

Question 10

CN X: vagus

Answer 10

Foramen: jugular foramen
Function: Sensory - tongue → visceral; Motor - larynx, pharynx; parasympathetics
Reflex: gag reflex - efferents

Question 11

CN XI: accessory

Answer 11

Foramen:
- enters: foramen magnum
- exits:jugular foramen
Function: traps and SCM
Reflex: n/a

Question 12

CN XII: hypoglossal

Answer 12

Foramen: hypoglossal foramen
Function: tongue movement
Reflex: n/a

Question 13

Mononeuropathy

Answer 13

Single nerve involvement

Question 14

Traumatic myelinopathy

Answer 14

Myelin damage, carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 15

Traumatic axonopathy

Answer 15

Myelin intact, axon damage; crush injury

Question 16

Nerve regrowth rate

Answer 16

Nerves regrow at a rate of 1 mm/day

Question 17

Severance prognosis

Answer 17

Poor prognosis

Question 18

Polyneuropathy

Answer 18

Symmetric involvement of sensory, motor, autonomic fibers; DIABETES

Stocking glove, LMN symptoms

Question 19

Multimononeuropathy

Answer 19

Multifocal, asymmetric involvement of an individual nerve