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Pharmacology > Neuro: pharmacokinetics, adverse reactions, dosages > Flashcards

Neuro: pharmacokinetics, adverse reactions, dosages Flashcards

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1
Q

anorexiants pharmacokinetics

A
  • absorption: by stomach and small intestine (depends on if regular or SR)
  • distribution: well as lipid soluble agents (crosses blood brain barier)
  • metabolism: liver
  • excretion: through kidneys to urine
  • half-life: 2-20 hours (duration of action for regular 4-6h, SR is 8-10h)
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2
Q

anorexiant dosages

A

page 245

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3
Q

anorexiants adverse reactions

A
  • CV: hypertension, palpitations, arrythmias, TACHYCARDIA, pulmonary hypertension, HEART VALVE INSUFFICIENCY
  • EENT: mydriasis, blurred vision
  • GI: dry mouth, constipation, vomiting, diarrhea, unpleasant taste
  • GU: impotence, urinary urgency, gynecomastia, change in libido
  • META: diabetic may need medications altered
  • MISC: dizziness, fatigue, depression with sudden withdrawal
  • NERO: overstimulation, agitation, convulsions, confusion, psychosis
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4
Q

hydantoins pharmacokinetics

A
  • absorption: oral absorption is slow from intestine
  • distribution: quickly enter the brain after absorption and are then distributed throughout the body
  • metabolism: liver
  • excretion: kidneys
  • half-life: 6-24 hours (phenytoinn is 24 hours)
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5
Q

hydantoins dosages

A

page 247

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6
Q

hydantoins adverse reactions

A
  • CV: hypotension, tachycardia
  • DERM: skin rashes, photophobia, hypertrichosis,
  • EENT: diplopia, nystgamus
  • GI: N/V, anorexia, altered taste, constipation, dry mouth, gingivival hyperplasia
  • GU: urinary retention, reddish-brown color
  • HEM: life-threatening AGRANULOCYTOSIS and APLASTIC ANEMIA
  • META: hyperglycemia
  • MS: polyarthropathy
  • MISC: coarsness of facial features, enlargement of lips, allergic rxns including STEVEN-JOHNSON SYNDROME
  • NEURO: agitation, ataxia, confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, nystagmus, decreased corrdnation
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7
Q

iminostilbene pharmacokinetics

A

page 248

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8
Q

iminostilbenes adverse reactions

A
  • EENT: blurry vision, tinnitus, diplopia, nystagmus
  • DERM: rash, acne
  • GI: N/V, dry muth, hepatic damage, abnormal pain, dyspepsia, thirst
  • GU: impotence, incontinence, rneal failure, azotemia
  • HEM: leucopenia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia, transient increase in WBC
  • META: hyponatremia, impaired ADH release which leads to water retention
  • NEURO: ataxia, gait disturbance, tremor, headache
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9
Q

succinimides pharmacokinetics

A

page 249

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10
Q

succinimides dosages

A

page 249

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11
Q

succinimides adverse reactions

A
  • CV: none
  • DERM: rash, pruritus
  • GI: upset and distress
  • GU: reddish brown urine
  • HEM: associated with BLOOD DYSCRASIAS
  • NEURO: depression, headache, mood change, lethargy
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12
Q

dosages of misc anticonvulsants

A

page 250

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13
Q

sleep aide pharmacokinetics

A

page 252

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14
Q

sleep aid dosages

A

page 252

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15
Q

sleep aid adverse reactions

A
  • CNS: abnormal dreams, sleepwaling, speech problems, vertigo
  • CV: HTN, chest discomfort, palpitations
  • DERM: urticaria
  • EENT: tinnitus, blurry vision, red eye, altered depth perception,
  • GI: abdominal discomfort, pain, gas, N/V
  • GU: dysuria, incontinence, UTIs
  • META: increased body temp
  • MS: arthalgia, back pain, myalgia, neck pain
  • NEURO: headache, mild retrograde amnesia, anxiety, apathy, attention, blance disorder
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16
Q

triptan pharmacokinetics

A

page 254

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17
Q

triptan dosages

A

page 254

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18
Q

triptan adverse reactions

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A
  • CV: chest pain, hypotension
  • DERM: tingling, warm sensation, flushing
  • EENT: vision disturbances
  • GI: abdominal discomfort, N.V, diarrhea
  • GU: hematuria
  • META: warm/hot sensations, heaviness, fatigue
  • MS: neck, throat, joint, jaw pain
  • MISC: injection site reactions
  • NEURO: vertigo, paresthesias, dizziness
  • PUL: throat discomfort, allergic rhinitis
19
Q

ergotamine pharmacokinetics

20
Q

ergotamines dosages

21
Q

ergotamines adverse reactions

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A
  • EENT: rhinitis from nasal spray
  • GI: N/V
  • META: hot flashes
  • NEURO: dizziness, somnolence
22
Q

anticholinergics pharmacokinetics

23
Q

anticholinergic dosing

24
Q

anticholinergic adverse reactions

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A
  • CV: tachycardia
  • DERM: dry skin, rash, photosensitivities
  • EENT: blurry vision, midriasis, increased IOP, dry eyes
  • GI: N/V, dysphagia, constipation, dry mouth
  • GU: urinary hesitency, pain on urination, urinary retention
  • NEURO: confusion, euphoria, drowsiness, headache, hallucinations, delusions, paranoia
25
dopamine agonsits pharmacokinetics
page 257
26
dopamine agonist dosages
page 257
27
dopamine agonists adverse reactions
* CV: hypotension * GI: nausea, distress, constipation, dry mouth, dyspepsia, tooth disease * GU: urinary frequency * MS: leg cramps * NEURO: drowsiness, weakness, headache, confusion, hallucinations, dizziness, sedation, abnormal dreams, compulsivegambling. compulsive sex, falling asleep, TARDIVE DYSKINESIA
28
dopamine precursors pharmacokinetics
page 258
29
dopamine precursors dosages
page 258
30
dopamine precursor adverse reaction
* CV: orthostatic hypotension, irregular heart beat * DERM: rash, alopecia, malignant melanoma * GI: N/V (can be severe), anorexia, dry mouth * GU: difficult urination, discolored urine, increased libido * HEM: hemolytic anemia, leucopenia, plastic anemia * MISC: tardive dyskinesia * NEURO: anxiety, confusion, hallucinations, nervousness, nightmares, depression, mood changes, increased aggressiveness, involuntary movements * PUL: cough, dyspnea
31
COMT inhibitors pharmacokinetics
page 259
32
COMT inhibitors dosages
page 259
33
COMT inhibitors adverse reactions
* CV: orthostatic hypotension, syncope * DERM: alopecia, rash * EENT: cataracts, tinnitus * GI: nausea, anorexia, diarrhea, gas, tooth disorders, transaminase increases * MS: rhabdomyolysis, muscle cramps * NEURO: sleep disorders, excessive dreaming, dizziness, headache, confusion, dyskinesia, dystonia, NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME * PUL: URI's
34
seleginine pharmacokinetics
page 260
35
selegiinine dosages
page 260
36
selegiline adverse reactions
* CNS: agitation, COMA, confusion, dizziness, delerium, fainting, hallucinations, insomnia, vivid dreams * GI: nausea, dry mouth, abdominal pain
37
acetylcholinesterase inhibitors pharmacokinetics
page 262
38
acetylcholinesterase inhibitors dosing
page 263
39
acetylcholinesterase inhibitors adverse reactions
* CV: bradycardia, HTN * DERM: red scaly itching skin, bruising * EENT: miosis, increased tears * GI: increased secretion, abdominal cramps, N/V, diarrhea, anorexia, weight loss HEPATOTOXIXITY with tacrine requiring routine testing of ALT * GU: urinary frequency * MS: muscle aches/cramps, joint pain * NEURO: abnormal dreams, dizziness, headache, nervousness, confusion, change in behavior * PUL: excessive lung secretions, bronchospasm, cough
40
namenda pharmacokinetics
page 264
41
namenda dosage
page 264
42
Namenda adverse reactions
* CV: HTN, cardiac failure, HEART BLOCK * DERM: rash, STEVEN\_JOHNSON SYNDROME * EENT: cataracts, conjunctivitis * GI: constipation, vomiting, LIVER FAILURE * GU: urinary frequency * MISC: fatigue, pain * MS: back pain * NEURO: confusion, somnolence, hallucinations, dizziness, TARDIVE DYSKINESIA * PULM: cough, dyspnea
43
MS drugs
page 265
44
drugs to treat peripheral neuropathies
page 265-266

Pharmacology (28 decks)

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