Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

BMS 150 2.0 > Neuro Phys Part 1 > Flashcards

Neuro Phys Part 1 Flashcards

(91 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

CNS includes?

A

the brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

for CNS, a collections of neuronal cell bodies is called?

A

nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the general functions of CNS

A

integration, decision making, and processing of signals occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the PNS includes?

A

nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

for PNS, the collections of neuronal cell bodies is called?

A

ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the general functions of PNS?

A

signals from CNS travel to/from targets in the periphery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

which nerves innervate head and neck muscles directly from the brain?

A

cranial nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

which nerves innervate the rest of the body?

A

spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?

A

sympathetic (fight or flight) and parasympathetic (rest and digest)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the function of the sympathetic nervous system?

A

prepares the body for action - increases heart rate, blood pressure, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the function of the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

conserves energy - slows heart rate, stimulates digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How does the sympathetic nervous system communicate?

A

through spinal nerves only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how does the parasympathetic nervous system communicate?

A

through both cranial nerves and spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what structures are innervated only by the sympathetic system (no parasympathetic)?

A

cutaneous blood vessels and erector pili muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of innervation do the heart, smooth muscle, and glands receive?

A

dual innervation (both sympathetic and parasympathetic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the autonomic innervation for blood vessels?

A

sympathetic only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the autonomic innervation for skin and sweat glands?

A

sympathetic only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what part of the heart is innervated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves?

A

nodal tissue (rate control)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what part of the heart is innervated only by the sympathetic nervous system?

A

cardiac muscle (contractility)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

is parasympathetic innervation to the heart strong or limited?

A

very limited, mainly affects heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the two types of ganglia?

A

paravertebral and prevertebral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

for sympathetic NS, pre-ganglionic neurons start from ? to ?

A

spinal cord to the ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

for SNS, the pre-ganglionic cell bodies sits in the ?, and at what levels?

A

spinal cord
levels T1-L2/3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

for SNS, the pre-ganglionic neurons are myelinated or non-myelinated

A

myelinated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
for SNS, where are the cell bodies of the post-ganglionic neurons?
ganglia
26
for SNS, the post-ganglionic neurons are myelinated or non-myelinated
non-myelinated
27
for SNS, the preganglionic neurons exit spinal cord and enter the ?
sympathetic trunk
28
for SNS, after the preganglionic neurons enter the sympathetic trunk, they have 3 options:
1. Synapse on a paravertebral ganglion at a different spinal level 2. Synapse on a paravertebral ganglion at the same spinal level 3. Pass through the paravertebral ganglion (doesn't synapse) and synapse on a prevertebral ganglion (via a splanchnic nerve)
29
For SNS, if the preganglion neurons goes through thte sympathetic trunk and not synapse, as it is leaving the paravertebral sympathetic trunk, that part is now termed the?
splanchnic nerve
30
the preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the ?
lateral horn of the spinal cord
31
preganglionic neurons are myelinated and enter the sympathetic trunk through a connecter call the ?
white rami communicans
32
is lateral horn gray or white matter
gray matter
33
for SNS option 1, post-ganglionic neuron exits trunk via a ? and joins spinal nerve to target
gray rami communicans
34
for SNS motor option 1, it allos for innervation of structures above/below ?
T1-L2
35
what are the 3 important paravertebral ganglia for option 1 of SNS
- superior cervical ganglion - middle cervical ganglion - inferior cervical ganglion
36
the superior cervical ganglion includes what part of the spine?
C1-C4
37
the supeiror cervical ganglion supplies structures in ?
head and neck
38
the postganglionic fibers after leaving the superior cervical ganglion, travel along blood vessels and often ?
join fibers of parasympathetic cranial nerves
39
the middle cervical ganglion includes what part of the spine?
C5-C6
40
the inferior cervical ganglion includes what part of the spine?
C7-C8
41
Inferior cervical ganglion often fuses with fibres from the first thoracic ganglion to form a
stellate ganglion 
42
what is the second option for preganglionic neurons when exiting the spinal cord in SNS?
Synapse on a paravertebral ganglion at the same spinal level 
43
what is the third option for preganglionic neurons when exiting the spinal cord in SNS?
Pass through trunk and synapse on a prevertebral ganglion without synapsing the paravertebral ganglion
44
for the third option for preganglionic neurons in SNS, it exits the paravertebral ganglion and helps form what?
splanchnic nerve
45
what does the splanchnic nerve synapses with?
prevertebral ganglion
46
what are the different types of splanchinc nerve?
- greater splanchnic nerve (T5-T9) - lesser splanchnic nerve (T10-T11) - least splanchnic nerve (T12) - lumbar and sacral splanchnic nerves (L1-L2/3)
47
what does the greater splanchnic nerve synapses with?
celiac ganglion
48
what does the greater splanchnic nerve/celiac ganglion innervate?
abdominal organs
49
what does the lesser splanchnic nerve synapses with?
superior mesenteric ganglion, aorticorenal ganglia
50
what does the lesser splanchnic nerve/superior mesenteric ganglion, aorticorenal ganglia innervate?
SI to proximal colon, kidney
51
what does the least splanchnic nerve synapses with?
renal plexus/ganglia
52
what does the least splanchnic nerve/renal plexus/ganglia innervate?
kidney
53
what does the lumbar/sacral splanchnic nerve synapses with?
inferior mesenteric ganglion
54
what does the lumbar/sacral splanchnic nerve/inferior mesenteric ganglion innervate?
Distal colon to bladder, rectum, genitalia
55
which has shorter myelinated preganglionic fibers? SNS or PaNS
SNS
56
which has longer myelinated preganglionic fibers? SNS or PaNS
PaNS
57
which has shorter unmyelinated post-ganglionic fibers? SNS or PaNS
PaNS
58
which has longer unmyelinated post-ganglionic fibers? SNS or PaNS
SNS
59
where are the neuronal cell bodies of the myelinated pre-ganglionic fibres of the PaNS?
brainstem or sacral spinal levels
60
what are the ganglia of the PaNS called?
"terminal" ganglia
61
PaNS = "?"
craniosacral
62
For PaNS, which cranial nerve is not found in the brainstem?
CN I, II
63
for PaNS, which cranial nerve is found in the midbrain?
CN III, IV, V
64
for PaNS, which cranial nerve is found in all 3 parts of brainstem?
CN V
65
for PaNS, which cranial nerve is found in the pons?
CN V, VI, VII, VIII
66
for PaNS, which cranial nerve is found in the medulla?
CN V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII
67
for PaNS, which cranial nerve is found in both the pons and medulla
CN VII, VIII
68
where is the preganglionic fibers found for the Oculomotor CN III
Edinger-Westphal nucleus (midbrain)
69
where does the preganglionic fibers synapse for CN III oculomotor
ciliary ganglion
70
what does the Post ganglionic fibers of CN III(oculomotor) innervate
pupil (constriction) and lens (accommodation)
71
where is the preganglionic fibers found for the Facial CN VII
superior salivatory nucleus (pons)
72
where does the preganglionic fibers synapse for CN VII Facial
either sphenopalatine ganglion or submandibular ganglion
73
What glands are innervated by postganglionic fibers from the sphenopalatine ganglion? (CN VII)
Lacrimal and nasal glands (for secretion)
74
Which glands are innervated by postganglionic fibers from the submandibular ganglion? (CN VII)
sublingual and submaxillary salivary glands
75
Where are the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of CN IX (Glossopharyngeal) located?
Inferior salivatory nucleus in the medulla.
76
CN IX preganglionic fibers project to which ganglion?
Otic ganglion.
77
What does the otic ganglion innervate via postganglionic fibers?
Parotid salivary gland (for secretion).
78
Where are the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of CN X (Vagus) located?
Dorsal motor nucleus in the medulla.
79
CN X preganglionic fibers synapse in which type of ganglia?
Terminal ganglia located on or near the target organs.
80
What do postganglionic fibers of CN X innervate?
Plexuses in the thoracic and abdominal cavities, including up to the distal colon.
81
which cranial nerve is responsible for most parasympathetic output?
vagus
82
the vagus nerve leaves through ?, descends alongside the ?
jugular foramen carotid arteries
83
what nerve has the longest course of any cranial nerve
vagus
84
what does the PaNS and SNS do to the pupils
PaNS: Constriction SNS: Dilation
85
what does the PaNS and SNS do to the salivary glands
PaNS: more secretions, more watery, more digestive enzymes SNS: less secretions, more "mucousy"
86
Where are the cell bodies of the sacral parasympathetic motor neurons located?
In the lateral horn of the spinal cord at levels S2–S4.
87
Which nerves carry the efferent fibers from the S2–S4 sacral region?
Pelvic splanchnic nerves.
88
What organs are innervated by the pelvic splanchnic nerves?
The rectum, bladder, and male and female reproductive organs.
89
What is the function of the sacral parasympathetic fibers?
To control autonomic functions like urination, defecation, and reproductive organ function.
90
How do preganglionic neurons “talk” to postganglionic neurons?
Release acetylcholine (ACH) to act on cholinergic receptors for both SNS and PaNS
91
How do postganglionic neurons “talk” to their target tissues?
Release norepinephrine (NE) to act on adrenergic receptors - Sympathetic system only Release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACH) to act on cholinergic receptors - Predominantly parasympathetic system, some sympathetic system

BMS 150 2.0 (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions