Neuroanatomy Flashcards
Anterior/ posterior=
front/ back
rostral/ caudal
top front (nostril); bottom/back
ventral/ dorsal=
down/belly; up/behind stomach
The two hemispsheres in the brain are separated by =
longitudinal fissue
2 hemispheres of brain=
lateral; medial
Different directions & meaning: S>I>L>M>A>P
superior= above; inferior= below; lateral=side; medial=middle; anterior=front; posterior=back
3 brain sections>
axial (transverse- through centre); coronal (top/down); sagittal (ear-ear)
Main 2 components of CNS=
- spinal cord
-brain
Divisions of Peripheral NS
> somatic NS
autonomic NS (>sym/parasymp)
purpose of PNS>
carries info into CNS & out of CNS
Somatic nervous system»(afferent vs efferent nerves)
Afferent= sensory
efferent= motor (brain signals for body e.g.’run)
autonomic nervous sysem (2 branches)
> sympathetic branch= fight or flight
parasympathetic branch= rest & digest
Protection of the CNS (bone & 3 membranes)»
- CNS encased in bone & covered in (outer>inner)
1. Dura mater= tough outer membrane
2. Arachnoid membrane= web-like
3.Pia mater= adheres to CNS surface
Divisions of the brain (5 major divisions)> (TOP>BOTTOM)
- Telencephalon (forebrain)
- Diencephalon (forebrain)
- Mesencephalon (midbrain)
- Metencephalon (hindbrain)
- Myelencephalon (hindbrain)
myencephalon (medulla)=
- mostly tracts (channel for nerves > out)
- origin of reticular formation (mass of nerves & fibres: allow autonomous processes; responsible for consciousness & sleep/wake cycle)