Neurological Assessment and Exam Deck 2

Question 1

Peripheral nervous system is comprised of the

Answer 1

cranial and spinal nerves

Question 2

PNS is broken into

Answer 2

ascending and descending pathway

Question 3

PNS carries

Answer 3

information to and away from the nervous system

Question 4

Stroke on right side of the brain will cause

Answer 4

a left sided defficit

Question 5

Frontal lobe

Answer 5

motor skills, voluntary movements, fine movements, eye movement

Question 6

parietal lobe

Answer 6

processing sensory data, pain, two point discriminations, vision, taste, smell, hearing sensations

Question 7

temporal lobe

Answer 7

perception and interpretation, taste, smell, balance

Question 8

occipital lobe

Answer 8

vision

Question 9

hippocampus

Answer 9

memory

Question 10

cerebellum

Answer 10

processes sensory information from ears, eyes, and touch receptors. Precision coordination and timing

Question 11

Brainstem

Answer 11

involuntary functions and 12 cranial nerves

Question 12

4 cranial nerves with mixed motor and sensory function

Answer 12

V, VII, IX, X

Question 13

Conditions that cause tremor

Answer 13

hyperthyroidsim, familiar tremor, ETOH, liver or kidney disease, MS

Question 14

Medications that cause tremor

Answer 14

cardiac arrhythmia medications, albuterol, corticosteroids, caffeine.

Question 15

First two cranial nerves arise from the ___ the rest arise from the

Answer 15

cerebrum, brainstem

Question 16

CN 2 distant and near vision is tested with the

Answer 16

Snellen test

Question 17

pupils should be

Answer 17

2 to 4 mm in diameter

Question 18

shine a light in one eye and both constrict this is known as

Answer 18

consensual response

Question 19

absent red light reflex can result from

Answer 19

cataracts, a corneal scar, vitreous hemorrhage

Question 20

accomidation

Answer 20

look in the distance then the tip of the nose. Pupils should constrict

Question 21

six cardinal fields of gaze order

Answer 21

upwards to right, upwards to left, horizontal to the right, horizontal to the left, downward to the right, downward to the left

Question 22

CN 4 eye movment

Answer 22

up and down

Question 23

CN 6 eye movement

Answer 23

side to side

Question 24

Check movement of eyes for presence or absence of __ gaze or CN 6 in patients with headache

Answer 24

lateral gaze. First nerve to loose function with increased pressure

Question 25

CN XII inspection and early sign of

Answer 25

stick out tongue move side to side, inspect. Abnormal function is an early sign of ALS

Question 26

proprioception test

Answer 26

touch finger to thumb or pat hands on legs front an back and increase in speed

Question 27

accuracy of movement finger test procedure and findings

Answer 27

use right index finger and touch their nose then your index finger at 18 in away. then repeat with other hand. If they miss could indicate a cerebellar dysfunction

Question 28

accuracy of movement other options

Answer 28

touch nose with one arm extended or move the heel of one foot up and down the shin of the other leg

Question 29

Gait and balance are evaluated with

Answer 29

Romberg Test and Heel-Toe Walking

Question 30

Romberg Test

Answer 30

stand with eyes close and gently push shoulders. If pt looses balance could indicate vestibular dysfunction

Question 31

Heel toe walking

Answer 31

touch of toes of one foot to heel of the other. This will exaggerate difficulty with walking

Question 32

testing for cortical sensory function options (3)

Answer 32

place a common object in the hand and ask them to identify it, use two points of a paperclip and put one or two points on the hand and ask to identify if it was one or two, draw a letter or number on the hand and ask them to identify it

Question 33

Options to evaluate primary sensory functions

Answer 33

light stroke of touch to the skin with cotton. Then have patient tell you where they were touched. You can use sharp or dull touch, vibrating tuning fork touch. hold Move toe up or down and ask pt to tell you which direction the toe was moved.

Question 34

Planter reflex

Answer 34

Use the end of the reflex hammer to stroke from the heel to the ball of the foot. Toes should al point away. If you see dorso flection or toward the leg/body this is Babinski sign

Question 35

Babinski sign is present when there is

Answer 35

a lesion in the brain cortex

Question 36

Abdominal reflex

Answer 36

stroke the quadrant of the abdomen with the end of teh relflex hammer to elicit the reflex slight movement. Umbilicus should move toward the stimulation. Absent sign could be a sign of cortospino tract lesion

Question 37

Absent deep tendon reflex could indicate a

Answer 37

neuropathy or lower motor neuron disorder

Question 38

Monofiliment testing sensation

Answer 38

Should be performed on all diabetic patients and patients with peripheral neuropathy. Eyes are closed and filiment is applied to multiple sites on planter side of foot and one point on the dorsal side of foot. Monofiliment should bend and be applied for 1.5 seconds. Loss of sensations indicates nueroapthy

Question 39

Bell Palsy

Answer 39

acute paralyis or weakness of one side of the face that is affected by cranial nerve 7. Can occur at any age. Improves over weeks and complete recovery at 6 months. Cause unknown. Possible reaction to viral infection or rotting of nerve root