Neurology 1.1 Flashcards Preview

NMSK-B I > Neurology 1.1 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Neurology 1.1 Deck (26)
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1
Q

What is myelopathy?

A

pathology of the spinal cord

2
Q

What is Brown-Sequard Syndrome?

A

unique spinal cord pathology where there is:

  • loss of pain, temp and light touch on opposite side of the damage
  • loss of motor function, vibration, position, and deep touch sensation on the same side of the damage
3
Q

What is the hallmark of encephalopathy?

A

impaired intellectual functioning

4
Q

What are the symptoms of encephalopathy?

A
  • interferes with normal daily activities
  • loss of ability to solve problems
  • may have loss of emotional control, seizures, loss of motor control, loss of vision
5
Q

What are the types of encephalopathy?

A

1) temporary (metabolic, medication, etc.)

2) permanent (traumatic)

6
Q

What is Alzheimer Disease?

A

from loss of smell, to lapses in judgment and subtle personality changes, to loss of ability to perform simple activities of daily living, to bed dependent. A Progressive Encephalopathy.

7
Q

What is Huntington Disease?

A
  • progressive autosomal dominant disease;
  • Encephalopathy manifested by personality changes, movement disorder, gait disturbance, to bedridden and death approximately 15 years after symptoms manifested (begin age 30-40).
8
Q

What is Rett Syndrome?

A
  • a genetic disorder almost exclusive to females; (XX vs. male XY).
  • Genetic but not inherited.
  • first 12-18 months ok, then progressive deterioration of memory, movements, coordination, communication, seizures.
9
Q

What is the biochemistry of Rett Syndrome?

A

-Locus coeruleus affected;
-doesn’t produce
Norepinephrine;
-so distribution to cerebral cortex,
hippocampus, cerebellum affected;
-Results in bi hemispheric
diffuse brain dysfunction

10
Q

What are the functions of the right hemisphere?

A
  • abstractions
  • creativeness
  • spatial sense
11
Q

What are the functions of the left hemisphere?

A
  • lingual
  • academic
  • reasoning
12
Q

What are the functions of the frontal lobes?

A
  • planning
  • behavioral/impulse control
  • personality
  • social/sexual behavior
13
Q

Which lobe is primarily concerned with motor function?

A

posterior aspect of the frontal lobes

14
Q

What are the functions of the temporal lobes?

A
  • processing auditory info
  • comprehension of meaningful speech
  • memory
  • visual object recognition
  • long term storage of sensory input
15
Q

What is the dominant side of the temporal lobes?

A
  • usually left side
  • word perception
  • processing details
  • memory
  • auditory learning
  • complex memories
  • visual/auditory processing
16
Q

What is the non-dominant side of the temporal lobes?

A
  • usually right side
  • perception of melodies
  • facial expressions
  • visual learning
17
Q

What is the function of the parietal lobe?

A
  • processing of sensory info of touch
  • affects opposite side
  • taste
  • temp
  • language processing/integration
18
Q

What is apraxia?

A
  • An inability to carry out a task despite understanding the command
  • having the motor function and the will to do so
  • usually involves left parietal lobe
19
Q

What is the function of the occipital lobes?

A

-primary visual cortex

20
Q

What is agnosia?

A

inability to process sensory information (touch, visual, auditory, movement)

21
Q

What is the subcortex/subcortical?

A

the area of the brain below the cerebral cortex; below the cerebral hemispheres

22
Q

What are structures of the subcortical structures?

A
  • limbic system
  • hippocampus
  • thalamus
  • hypothalamus
  • cerebellum
  • midbrain
  • pons
  • medulla
23
Q

What is the dorsal columns tract and where does it cross the spinal cord?

A
  • vibration/position
  • deep touch
  • cross at low medulla
24
Q

What is the corticospinal tract and where does it cross the spinal cord?

A
  • motor

- cross at low medulla

25
Q

What is the spinothalamic tract and where does it cross the spinal cord?

A
  • pain
  • temperature
  • cross near level of lesion
26
Q

Where is the main disorder iwth Myasthenia Gravis?

A

myoneural (neuromuscular) junction