Neurology_Headache and Pain Flashcards
(118 cards)
1
Q
What is the most prevalent type of primary headaches?
A) Tension-type headache
B) migraine without aura
C) cluster headache
D) migraine with aura
A
A) Tension-type headache
2
Q
Characteristic features of migraine, except:
A) pulsating pain
B) mostly unilateral
C) physical activity increases the intensity
D) dizziness
E) duration is 4–72 hours
A
D) dizziness
3
Q
The average duration of migraine attacks is:
A) less, than 4 hours
B) 0.5-1 day
C) 4 days
D) one week
A
B) 0.5-1 day
4
Q
What is the prevalence of migraine in adults?
A) 1–2%
B) 5–7%
C) 8–12%
D) more, than 20%
A
C) 8–12%
5
Q
Which primary headache is more prevalent in males than in females?
A) migraine with aura
B) migraine without aura
C) tension-type headache
D) cluster headache
A
D) cluster headache
6
Q
Which accompanying sign is not a diagnostic feature of migraine?
A) nausea, vomiting
B) phonophobia
C) photophobia
D) osmophobia (hypersensitivity to odors)
A
D) osmophobia (hypersensitivity to odors)
7
Q
The onset of primary headaches may be, except:
A) in childhood
B) at young age (in the 2–3. decades)
C) in the 4th decade
D) above 60. years
A
D) above 60. years
7
Q
Accompanying signs of cluster headache, except:
A) miosis
B) ptosis
C) conjunctival injection
D) paraesthesia on the contralateral side of the headache
E) bradycardia
A
D) paraesthesia on the contralateral side of the headache
7
Q
What is the menstrual migraine?
A) subtype of migraine with a specific condition where the timing of attacks is linked to the menstrual cycle
B) migraine, where at least one of the attacks occurs during menstrual period
C) the most severe headaches occur during menstrual period
D) headaches exclusively occur between the menarche and climax
A
A) subtype of migraine with a specific condition where the timing of attacks is linked to the menstrual cycle
8
Q
What is the characteristic nerve conduction velocity of unmyelinitaed pain-transmitting C fibers?
A) 70–120 m/s
B) 70–100 m/s
C) 15–40 m/s
D) 0.2–2 m/s
A
D) 0.2–2 m/s
9
Q
What is lateral cordotomy?
A) lesion in the ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus
B) incision of the posterior funiculus in the spinal cord
C) a surgical procedure that injures the spinothalamic lateral tract in the spinal cord
D) electric stimulation of periaqueductal gray matter in the brainstem in order to alleviate severe pain
A
C) a surgical procedure that injures the spinothalamic lateral tract in the spinal cord
10
Q
Abdominal lancinating pain is a characteristic sign of:
A) spinal cord disease
B) tabes dorsalis
C) trigeminal-neuralgia
D) multiple mononeuritis
A
B) tabes dorsalis
10
Q
What is the difference between neuralgic and radicular pain?
A) characteristics of the pain
B) intensity of the pain
C) the pain can not be well localized
D) duration of the pain
A
D) duration of the pain
10
Q
13 What can not be the cause of trigeminal neuralgia?
A) idiopathic origin
B) multiple sclerosis
C) somatoform disturbance
D) cancer
A
C) somatoform disturbance
11
Q
Which one is contraindicated for migraine prophylaxis?
A) antihistamine, antiserotonine drugs
B) anticonvulsants
C) calcium channel blockers
D) ergotamine, dihydroergotamine preparations
A
D) ergotamine, dihydroergotamine preparations
12
Q
What is the diagnosis of the case: The patient has paroxysmal attacks with lancinating pain, restricted always to one side of the throat, back of the tongue, tonsil and ear. The pain lasts for seconds and can be triggered by swallowing (drinking liquids).
A) trigeminal-neuralgia
B) glossopharyngeal-neuralgia
C) occipital-neuralgia
D) tonsillitis
A
B) glossopharyngeal-neuralgia
13
Q
Useful in acute cluster headache, except for:
A) O2 inhalation
B) indometacine
C) sumatriptane
D) lithium
A
D) lithium
14
Q
Which one is effective in prophylaxis of cluster headache?
A) beta blockers
B) minor analgesics
C) calcium channel blockers
D) tricyclic antidepressants
A
C) calcium channel blockers
15
Q
19 It can be effective in the treatment of tension type headache:
A) antihistamines
B) antihypertensives
C) tricyclic antidepressants
D) MAO-inhibitors
A
C) tricyclic antidepressants
16
Q
A 45-year-old men lifting a heavy object experienced a sudden low back pain. The pain irradiates to his right buttock, posterior thigh, popliteal region and little toe. Upon examination he had Lasegue sign on the right side, missing right Achilles reflex and hypaesthesia of the little toe. Which root is affected?
A) L2 root
B) L3 root
C) L4 root
D) L5 root
E) S1 root
A
E) S1 root
17
Q
First choice of treatment for trigeminal neuralgia is:
A) clonazepam
B) alcoholic ganglion infiltration
C) carbamazepine
D) retroganglionar neurotomy
E) none of them
A
C) carbamazepine
18
Q
Which symptom can be caused by unruptured intracranial aneurysm?
A) signs of oculomotor nerve lesion
B) visual field defect
C) ipsilateral recurring headache
D) ipsilateral facial pain
E) all of them
A
E) all of them
19
Q
A 50-year-old man experienced a sudden-onset headache during physical exercise with stiff neck, seizures, oculomotor nerve palsy and quickly developed coma. The probable diagnosis is:
A) bacterial meningitis
B) spontaneous aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage
C) ruptured brain abscess
D) haemorrhage in a glioma
E) brain metastasis
A
B) spontaneous aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage
19
Q
The least typical statement for temporal arteritis:
A) steroid treatment can only be administered if biopsy confirmed the diagnosis
B) occurs above 50 years of age
C) a subtype of giant cell arteritis
D) characterized by headache, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
A
A) steroid treatment can only be administered if biopsy confirmed the diagnosis
19
Characteristic for alcoholic polyneuopathy:
A) persistent lancinating pain
B) sensory disturbance of the lower extremities, diminished reflexes
C) no vegetative symptoms
D) normal conduction velocity of the peroneal nerve
E) hyperthermia
B) sensory disturbance of the lower extremities, diminished reflexes
20
Typical in Wallenberg syndrome:
A) contralateral pain
B) ipsilateral hypalgesia
C) contralateral hemihypalgesia
D) ipsilateral facial hypalgesia and contralateral hypalgesia below C2
D) ipsilateral facial hypalgesia and contralateral hypalgesia below C2
21
What is dissociated sensory loss?
A) loss of pain sensation, but temperature sensation is intact
B) pain sensation is intact, but loss of temperature sensation
C) pain sensation is intact, but loss of temperature, vibration and joint position sense
D) loss of pain and temperature sensation, but vibration and joint position sense intact
D) loss of pain and temperature sensation, but vibration and joint position sense intact
22
Bending down the head worsens the headache, if it is caused by:
A) glaucoma
B) maxillary sinusitis
C) tension type headache
D) cluster headache
B) maxillary sinusitis
22
Symmetric burning, stabbing pain at the distal part of the extremities, especially on the legs typical for:
A) polyneuropathy
B) radiculitis
C) myositis
D) Lambert–Eaton syndrome
A) polyneuropathy
23
Typical in migraine, except for:
A) unilateral in more than half of the cases
B) frequently vegetative symptoms
C) EEG always negative
D) ocular symptom in ophtalmoplegic migraine may last for several days
E) frequently aspirin is effective
C) EEG always negative
24
80 years old alcoholic patient fell and had a head injury one moth ago, he has complained headache for 2-3 weeks, and has developed a progressing left sided hemiparesis and anisocoria. The most likely diagnosis is:
A) cerebral contusion
B) right sided frontal lobe glioblastoma
C) right sided subdural haematoma
D) occlusion of the right sided middle cerebral artery
C) right sided subdural haematoma
25
Shooting pain, dysuria, ataxia associated with pupil disorder, areflexia, and proprioceptiv sensory disturbance suggest the following disease:
A) Mixed connective tissue disease
B) Tabes dorsalis
C) Multiple sclerosis
D) Syringomyelia
B) Tabes dorsalis
26
Trigeminal-neuralgia is the least common in the following division of the trigeminal nerve:
A) V/2
B) V/3
C) V/1
D) V/2 + V/3
C) V/1
27
What is the order of the appearance of herpes zoster symptoms:
A) pain-vesicles-pigmentation
B) vesicles–pigmentation–pain
C) pain–pigmentation–vesicles
D) pigmentation– vesicles–pain
E) vesicles–pain–pigmentation
A) pain-vesicles-pigmentation
27
A 54-year-old hypertonic male patient presented with sudden onset of vertigo, headache and vomiting. At the examination the patient was alert, he had nystagmus and one sided limb ataxia without paresis. Which diagnosis is the most likely?
A) pons bleeding
B) bleeding in the internal capsule
C) cerebellar bleeding
D) subarachnoideal haemorrhage
E) basilar artery aneurysm
C) cerebellar bleeding
28
Herpes zoster most often affects the:
A) ganglion geniculi
B) the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve
C) the cervical region
D) the thoracic region
E) the lumbar region
D) the thoracic region
28
Childhood head injury is frequently associated with the following symptom(s):
A) vertigo
B) epileptic seizure
C) headache
D) all of them
E) none of them
D) all of them
29
The first symptom(s) of the brain tumor in childhood:
A) seizure and coma
B) change of behavior
C) headache and vomiting
D) hemiparesis and hyperreflexia
E) none of them
C) headache and vomiting
30
39 In a 31-year-old man constant bifrontal headache and blurred vision has been present for 2 weeks. In the last 1 week he became somnolent, sometimes he slept 20 hours. In a previous history, there was an accident 3 months ago, when he fell down from a moving vehicle and he hit his head, the skin of the skull was lacerated. During the examination bilateral papilla edema, dilated right pupil and left hemiparesis were observed. The most probable diagnosis is:
A) dementia paralytica
B) chronic subdural haematoma
C) bromine intoxication
D) brain haemorrhage
B) chronic subdural haematoma
30
Which disease is associated with the following signs and symptoms: headache, anemia, polymyalgia rheumatica, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), jaw claudication, low fever and leukocytosis?
A) meningitis tubercolosa
B) lupus erythematosus
C) arteritis temporalis
C) arteritis temporalis
30
Which is true for cerebral venous thrombosis:
A) epileptic seizure occurs rarely
B) there is a septic focus or inflammation in the background
C) headache and delirium are common, disturbance of consciousness and seizure are rare
D) there is no headache or vomiting
E) focal neurological symptoms are rare
B) there is a septic focus or inflammation in the background
31
The most typical feature(s) in cerebral aneurysm rupture is/are:
A) sudden onset of headache, vomiting and sometimes disturbance of consciousness
B) typically occurs in the morning
C) the liquor is not diagnostic
D) hemiparesis
E) the liqour is xanthochrome immediately after the rupture of the aneurysm
A) sudden onset of headache, vomiting and sometimes disturbance of consciousness
32
Characteristics for brain tumors:
A) the symptoms are usually progressive and are associated with headache and signs of increased intracranial pressure
B) liquor is always abnormal
C) at least 2/3 of the brain tumors are metastases
D) although the glioblastoma multiforme is malignant but circumscribed
E) the brain tumors make up nearly one-third of all tumors
A) the symptoms are usually progressive and are associated with headache and signs of increased intracranial pressure
32
Which of the following diseases does not cause chronic progressive headache:
A) thrombosis of superior sagittal sinus
B) migraine
C) hydrocephalus non-communicans
D) intracranial space occupying lesion
B) migraine
32
The following types of headaches are associated with vegetative signs, except:
A) cluster headache
B) migraine
C) occipital neuralgia
D) subarachnoid haemorrhage
C) occipital neuralgia
33
Which of the following diseases causes pain?
A) myasthenia gravis
B) myositis
C) dystrophia musculorum progressiva
D) Brown–Sequard-syndroma
B) myositis
33
In which localization can disc herniation cause pain radiating into the thumb?
A) CII–CIII
B) CIV–CV
C) CV–CVI
D) CVI–CVII
C) CV–CVI
33
Which of the following headaches is characterized by circadian/circannual rhythm?
A) tension type headache
B) migraine without aura
C) cluster headache
D) migraine with aura
C) cluster headache
34
Which of the following headaches is often associated with depression:
A) migraine with aura
B) migraine without aura
C) cluster headache
D) tension headache
D) tension headache
34
Headache caused by occlusive hydrocephalus is:
A) chronic progressive
B) intermittent
C) radiating into the nose bridge
D) hemicranial
A) chronic progressive
35
The following diseases can cause hemifacial pain, except:
A) temporomandibular dyskinesia
B) trigeminal neuralgia
C) tension type headache
D) pulpitis (toothache)
C) tension type headache
35
The following diseases may be nocturnal (and thus disturbs the sleep), except:
A) trigeminal neuralgia
B) cluster headache
C) migraine without aura
D) headache caused by hydrocephalus
A) trigeminal neuralgia
35
The following diseases may cause unilateral ocular pain, except:
A) migraine
B) cluster headache
C) meningeoma of the tentorium
D) sinus cavernosus syndroma
E) increased intracranial pressure
E) increased intracranial pressure
35
What is the prevalance of headache as a primary or associated symptom in brain tumors:
A) 5–10%
B) 20–30%
C) 90–95%
D) 60–70%
D) 60–70%
36
Which of the following symptoms does not occur in migraine with aura?
A) hearing loss
B) speech disturbance
C) hemiparaesthesia
D) weakness of one of the the upper extremities
A) hearing loss
37
The following aura signs may occur in migraine, except:
A) hemiparesis
B) hemiparaesthesia
C) numbness in both hands
D) aphasia
C) numbness in both hands
38
The following diseases cause headache with vomiting, except:
A) migraine
B) cervicogenic headache
C) increased intracranial pressure
D) hypertonic crisis
B) cervicogenic headache
39
Characteristics for subarachnoid haemorrhage:
A) thunderclap headache at the nuchal region
B) the most common neurological finding is spastic hemiplegia or hemiparesis with Babinski sign
C) the most common sign is papilloedema
D) there are no meningeal signs
E) CT scan has no diagnostic value
A) thunderclap headache at the nuchal region
40
Characteristics for pseudotumor cerebri:
A) It is rare during pregnancy
B) It is rarely associated with endocrinopathy or treatment with medication
C) Vventricules and subarachnoid space are wider than normal
D) Visual accuity can be severely affected
E) Headache is rare
D) Visual accuity can be severely affected
41
Meralgia paraesthetica:
A) its treatment is usually the incision of the fascia lata
B) characterised by burning pain on the surface of the inner part of the thigh
C) often caused by compression of the inguinal ligament
D) more common in women than in men
E) none of them
C) often caused by compression of the inguinal ligament
41
What is characteristic for spondylotic headache?
A) usually unilateral
B) nuchal pain
C) pathological cervical X-ray
D) provocated by abnormal head posture
E) all of them
F) none of them
E) all of them
42
The treatment of migraine attacks:
A) sumatriptan
B) aspirin
C) dihydroergotamin
D) all of them
D) all of them
43
Excitation of the sensory cortex causes:
A) paraesthesia
B) hyperaesthesia
C) hyperalgesia
A) paraesthesia
44
Presence of headache requires urgent care, if:
1) it is a thunderclap headache (sudden onset, very severe) at the nuchal region
2) headache is associated with disturbance of consciousness
3) headache is accompanied by neurological signs
4) headache is associated with general symptoms, like fever, or joint pain
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
E) all of the answers are correct
1) it is a thunderclap headache (sudden onset, very severe) at the nuchal region
2) headache is associated with disturbance of consciousness
3) headache is accompanied by neurological signs
4) headache is associated with general symptoms, like fever, or joint pain
44
Subjective sensory disturbances in polyneuropathy:
1) paraesthesia
2) cramping pain
3) burning pain
4) throbbing pain
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
1) paraesthesia
3) burning pain
45
Diagnostic criteria of tension type headache:
1) band-like localisation
2) dull and pressing pain
3) mild to moderate intensity
4) physical activity does not aggravate the headache
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
E) all of the answers are correct
1) band-like localisation
2) dull and pressing pain
3) mild to moderate intensity
4) physical activity does not aggravate the headache
46
Characterisctics for cluster headache:
1) always unilateral
2) extremely intense, shooting pain
3) partial Horner-symptom in the ipsilateral side of the headache
4) visual aura
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
1) always unilateral
2) extremely intense, shooting pain
3) partial Horner-symptom in the ipsilateral side of the headache
47
Which of the following points indicate that hormonal changes may have influence on migraine?
1) migraine develops mainly in women
2) migraine is less intense during pregnancy
3) the prevalence of migraine is decreasing after climax
4) use of oral contraceptives increases the intensity and frequency of migrainous headaches
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
E) all of the answers are correct
1) migraine develops mainly in women
2) migraine is less intense during pregnancy
3) the prevalence of migraine is decreasing after climax
4) use of oral contraceptives increases the intensity and frequency of migrainous headaches
48
Treatment of migraine attacks:
1) minor analgetics
2) ergotamines, dihydroergotamines
3) sumatriptan
4) major analgetics (opioids)
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
1) minor analgetics
2) ergotamines, dihydroergotamines
3) sumatriptan
49
What are the characteristics of chronic progressive headache?
1) the intensity of headache is increasing
2) the headache is accompanied by scintillating scotoma
3) the headache is associated with nausea and vomitus
4) episodes of headache are separated by pain-free intervals
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
1) the intensity of headache is increasing
2) the headache is accompanied by scintillating scotoma
3) the headache is associated with nausea and vomitus
50
Headache caused by brain tumor may develop due to:
1) traction or stretch of intracranial vessels
2) increased intracranial pressure
3) dural involvment
4) trigeminal nerve compression
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
E) all of the answers are correct
1) traction or stretch of intracranial vessels
2) increased intracranial pressure
3) dural involvment
4) trigeminal nerve compression
51
Characteristics of headache caused by tentorial meningioma:
1) ipsilateral headache in the frontal region
2) the pain radiates to the ipsilateral eye
3) chronic and progressive headache
4) the pain radiates to the ipsilateral shoulder and arm
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
1) ipsilateral headache in the frontal region
2) the pain radiates to the ipsilateral eye
3) chronic and progressive headache
52
Acoustic-neurinoma can cause:
1) trismus
2) ear pain
3) trigeminal-neuralgia on the contralateral side
4) trigeminal-neuralgia on the ipsilateral side
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
4) trigeminal-neuralgia on the ipsilateral side
53
Which of the following headaches can predict/anticipate rupture of cerebral aneurysm:
1) migraine with aura
2) tension type of headache
3) short-lasting, extremely intense „predictive, anticipating” headache episodes (sentinel headache)
4) cluster headache
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
1) migraine with aura
3) short-lasting, extremely intense „predictive, anticipating” headache episodes (sentinel headache)
54
Migraine can be provoked by:
1) too much sleeping
2) sleep deficit
3) stress, anxiety
4) relaxation
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
E) all of the answers are correct
1) too much sleeping
2) sleep deficit
3) stress, anxiety
4) relaxation
55
Provoking factor(s) is/are in cluster headache:
1) yellow cheese
2) bending down
3) citrus fruits
4) beer
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
4) beer
56
Provoking factor(s) is/are in tension type headache:
1) stress
2) weather fronts
3) menstruation
4) chocolate
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
1) stress
2) weather fronts
3) menstruation
57
Which of the following may cause prosopalgia?
1) Glaucoma
2) Temporomandibular dyskinesia
3) Somatoform disorder
4) Allergic rhinitis
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
1) Glaucoma
3) Somatoform disorder
58
Which of the following may cause painful polyneuropathy?
1) Lead intoxication
2) Diabetes mellitus
3) Chronic alcoholism
4) Multiple Sclerosis
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
1) Lead intoxication
2) Diabetes mellitus
3) Chronic alcoholism
59
Which of the following may cause epileptic seizure and headache?
1) Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis.
2) Convexity meningioma
3) Meningoencephalitis
4) Arteriovenous malformation
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
E) all of the answers are correct
1) Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis.
2) Convexity meningioma
3) Meningoencephalitis
4) Arteriovenous malformation
60
Which of the following may cause headache?
1) Increased CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) pressure
2) Decreased CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) pressure
3) Central nervous system infection
4) Non-central nervous system infection
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
E) all of the answers are correct
1) Increased CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) pressure
2) Decreased CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) pressure
3) Central nervous system infection
4) Non-central nervous system infection
61
Characteristics of radicular pain:
1) precisely localised
2) can be provoked
3) sharp, shooting
4) very severe
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
E) all of the answers are correct
1) precisely localised
2) can be provoked
3) sharp, shooting
4) very severe
61
Characteristics of thalamic pain:
1) occurs contralateral to the side of the lesion
2) occurs ipsilateral to the side of the lesion
3) severe, intolerable pain
4) mild, dull pain
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
62
What are the characteristics of causalgia?
1) It is associated with severe vegetative disorders
2) It is associated with throphic disorders
3) It can be provoked by external stimuli (sound, light, touch)
4) It is a severe, burning pain
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
E) all of the answers are correct
1) It is associated with severe vegetative disorders
2) It is associated with throphic disorders
3) It can be provoked by external stimuli (sound, light, touch)
4) It is a severe, burning pain
63
Characteristics of phantom pain:
1) may be caused by amputation neuroma
2) occurs after amputation
3) the pain is projected into the missing limb
4) can easily be treated by NSAIDs
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
1) may be caused by amputation neuroma
2) occurs after amputation
3) the pain is projected into the missing limb
63
Radicular pain can be caused by:
1) extramedullary tumor
2) herpes Zoster
3) disc herniation
4) intramedullary tumor
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
1) extramedullary tumor
2) herpes Zoster
3) disc herniation
64
Risk factor(s) for cerebral venous thrombosis:
1) oral contraceptives
2) puerperium
3) septic focus
4) thrombocyopenia
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
A) 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
1) oral contraceptives
2) puerperium
3) septic focus
65
Match the headache types with the most typical symptoms:
Nausea, vomitus
A) Migraine
B) Cluster headache
C) Tension type headache
A) Migraine
66
Match the headache types with the most typical symptoms:
Photophobia, Phonophobia
A) Migraine
B) Cluster headache
C) Tension type headache
B) Cluster headache
67
Match the headache types with the most typical symptoms:
Partial Horner’s syndrome
A) Migraine
B) Cluster headache
C) Tension type headache
B) Cluster headache
68
Match the headache types with the most typical symptoms:
Pressure-like pain with diffuse localization
A) Migraine
B) Cluster headache
C) Tension type headache
C) Tension type headache
69
Please match the headaches with their proper course/temporal prifile!
Occurs in „packages” (1-2 attacks per day for weeks, months)
A) migraine
B) cluster headache
C) tumorous headache
D) chronic tension headache
B) cluster headache
70
Please match the headaches with their proper course/temporal prifile!
Progressive
A) migraine
B) cluster headache
C) tumorous headache
D) chronic tension headache
C) tumorous headache
71
Please match the headaches with their proper course/temporal prifile!
Everyday headache, the number of the days with headache is more than 15 days/month for 6 months
A) migraine
B) cluster headache
C) tumorous headache
D) chronic tension headache
D) chronic tension headache
72
Match the followings:
Its lesion causes foot drop (steppage gait)
A) median nerve
B) common peroneal nerve
C) facial nerve
D) ulnar nerve
B) common peroneal nerve
73
Please match the headaches with their proper course/temporal prifile!
Paroxysmal
A) migraine
B) cluster headache
C) tumorous headache
D) chronic tension headache
A) migraine
74
Match the followings:
Its injury causes the „Froment’s sign
A) median nerve
B) common peroneal nerve
C) facial nerve
D) ulnar nerve
D) ulnar nerve
75
Match the followings:
In case of Ramsay-Hunt syndrome this nerve is affected
A) median nerve
B) common peroneal nerve
C) facial nerve
D) ulnar nerve
C) facial nerve
76
Please match the following:
Rarely injured upper limb nerve
A) radial nerve
B) median nerve
C) ischiadic/sciatic nerve
D) femoral nerve
E) axillary nerve
E) axillary nerve
77
Please match the following:
Rarely injured lower limb nerve
A) radial nerve
B) median nerve
C) ischiadic/sciatic nerve
D) femoral nerve
E) axillary nerve
D) femoral nerve
78
Please match the following:
Its lesion causes „Saturday night” palsy
A) radial nerve
B) median nerve
C) ischiadic/sciatic nerve
D) femoral nerve
E) axillary nerve
C) ischiadic/sciatic nerve
79
Please match the following:
This nerve can be injured during giving im. Injection
A) radial nerve
B) median nerve
C) ischiadic/sciatic nerve
D) femoral nerve
E) axillary nerve
C) ischiadic/sciatic nerve
80
Please match the following:
This nerve is affected in carpal tunnel syndrome
A) radial nerve
B) median nerve
C) ischiadic/sciatic nerve
D) femoral nerve
E) axillary nerve
B) median nerve
81
Match the different headaches and the usual durations and frequencies of the headache syndromes.
duration: half-one day; frequency: once-twice a month
A) migraine
B) cluster headache
C) chronic tension type of headache
D) neuralgia
A) migraine
82
Match the different headaches and the usual durations and frequencies of the headache syndromes.
duration: half-one day; frequency: every day for weeks
A) migraine
B) cluster headache
C) chronic tension type of headache
D) neuralgia
C) chronic tension type of headache
82
Match the different headaches and the usual durations and frequencies of the headache syndromes.
duration: seconds; frequency: short leasting pain episodes repeat many times a day
A) migraine
B) cluster headache
C) chronic tension type of headache
D) neuralgia
D) neuralgia
83
Match the different headaches and the usual durations and frequencies of the headache syndromes.
duration: half-one hour; frequency: once-twice a day for weeks
A) migraine
B) cluster headache
C) chronic tension type of headache
D) neuralgia
B) cluster headache
84
Match the different pain syndromes with the potential causes.
extramedullary tumor
A) polyneuropathy
B) radicular pain
C) trigeminal neuralgia
D) thalamic pain
B) radicular pain
85
Match the different pain syndromes with the potential causes.
hemispheric stroke
A) polyneuropathy
B) radicular pain
C) trigeminal neuralgia
D) thalamic pain
D) thalamic pain
86
Most patients with cluster headache are heavy smokers, because cluster headache is caused by smoking
A) both the statement and the explanation are true and a causal relationship exists between them;
B) both the statement and the explanation are true but there is no causal relationship between them;
C) the statement is true, but the explanation is false;
D) the statement is false, but the explanation itself is true
E) both the statement and the explanation are false
C) the statement is true, but the explanation is false;
86
Match the different pain syndromes with the potential causes.
chronic alcohol consumption
A) polyneuropathy
B) radicular pain
C) trigeminal neuralgia
D) thalamic pain
A) polyneuropathy
87
Match the different pain syndromes with the potential causes.
multiple sclerosis
A) polyneuropathy
B) radicular pain
C) trigeminal neuralgia
D) thalamic pain
C) trigeminal neuralgia
88
Allergic rhinitis is quite common in migraineurs, therefore antihistamins are effective in prophylactic treatment of migraine.
A) both the statement and the explanation are true and a causal relationship exists between them;
B) both the statement and the explanation are true but there is no causal relationship between them;
C) the statement is true, but the explanation is false;
D) the statement is false, but the explanation itself is true
E) both the statement and the explanation are false
B) both the statement and the explanation are true but there is no causal relationship between them;
89
Relaxation training and autogen training are accepted methods in the treatment of chronic tension type of headache, because role of physical (muscle) and psychical stress are assumed to play a role in the development of this type of headache.
A) both the statement and the explanation are true and a causal relationship exists between them;
B) both the statement and the explanation are true but there is no causal relationship between them;
C) the statement is true, but the explanation is false;
D) the statement is false, but the explanation itself is true
E) both the statement and the explanation are false
A) both the statement and the explanation are true and a causal relationship exists between them;
90
Diagnosis of the so called special headaches provoked by coughing, physical exercise or sexual activity requires imaging techniques (cerebral CT or MRI), because these special headaches might be caused by intracranial space occupying lesions.
A) both the statement and the explanation are true and a causal relationship exists between them;
B) both the statement and the explanation are true but there is no causal relationship between them;
C) the statement is true, but the explanation is false;
D) the statement is false, but the explanation itself is true
E) both the statement and the explanation are false
A) both the statement and the explanation are true and a causal relationship exists between them;
91
In a cluster headache attack the pain intensity reaches its maximum slowly, therefore oral medications are effective in the attack treatment of cluster headache.
A) both the statement and the explanation are true and a causal relationship exists between them;
B) both the statement and the explanation are true but there is no causal relationship between them;
C) the statement is true, but the explanation is false;
D) the statement is false, but the explanation itself is true
E) both the statement and the explanation are false
E) both the statement and the explanation are false
92
Migraine usually occurs daily for weeks or months, therefore one type of treatment in migraine is the prophylactic treatment.
A) both the statement and the explanation are true and a causal relationship exists between them;
B) both the statement and the explanation are true but there is no causal relationship between them;
C) the statement is true, but the explanation is false;
D) the statement is false, but the explanation itself is true
E) both the statement and the explanation are false
D) the statement is false, but the explanation itself is true
93
Cluster headache attacks occur with clockwise regularity, therefore disturbance of hypothalamic function is supposed in the cluster period.
A) both the statement and the explanation are true and a causal relationship exists between them;
B) both the statement and the explanation are true but there is no causal relationship between them;
C) the statement is true, but the explanation is false;
D) the statement is false, but the explanation itself is true
E) both the statement and the explanation are false
A) both the statement and the explanation are true and a causal relationship exists between them;
