Neurons

Question 1

Neurons

Answer 1

80% located in brain
carry neural information throughout body
transmits signals electrically + chemically

Question 2

Sensory neuron

Answer 2

Touch + smell information - to spinal cord
long dendrites
short axon

Convert information into neural impulses - translated into sensations in brain

Question 3

Reflex

Answer 3

Terminate in the spinal cord allows reflex actions

Question 4

Relay neuron

Answer 4

Allows communication
Lie between brain and spinal cord

Short dendrites
Short axon

Question 5

Motor neuron

Answer 5

Form synapse w/ muscles + control contractions
when stimulated, trigger a response
Leads to muscle movement

Short dendrites
Long axon

Question 6

Structures on neurons

Answer 6

Cell body - control centre of the neuron
+ nucleus - contains genetic material

Dendrites - receive signals from other neurons or from sensory receptors

Axon - carries electrical impulse away from the cell body down the length of the neuron

Myelin Sheath - insulates/protects the axon, allow nerve impulses to transmit more rapidly along the axon

Terminal buttons - at the end of the axon, communicate with the next neuron on the chain across a gap called the synapse

Question 7

Synaptic transmission: Excitory

Answer 7

“on switch”
(noradrenaline)
Cause excitation of post neuron, increasing its positive charge
More likely to fire

Question 8

Synaptic transmission: Inhibitory

Answer 8

“off” switch
Causes inhibition of post neuron, increases its negative charge
Less likely to fire
Responsible for calming mind + body - filtering unnecessary excitory signals

Question 9

Summation

Answer 9

Likelihood of cell fire determined by adding excitory and inhibitory neurotransmitters