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Module 1 (Intro To Basics) > Non-Parenteral Meds > Flashcards

Non-Parenteral Meds Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Pharmacological Components

A

Med names (generic mostly used)
classification (group of meds similar and treat same conditions)
med forms (pills, injections, supplements, topical, drops

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2
Q

Adverse Drug Reactions

A

unintentional and undesired effects at a normal dose
Side effects= are predictable, intensity dose-dependent, and varies

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3
Q

Toxicity

A

severe ADR
-excessive drug dosing or therapeutic drug dosage

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4
Q

Drowsy with antihistamine
Gastric irritation with aspirin

Is it a sign of what?

A

Adverse Drug Reaction

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5
Q

Respiratory depression from morphine

Is it a sign of what?

A

Toxicity

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6
Q

Allergic Reactions

A

immune response
the intensity of the reaction vary
not based on dosage
sensitivity of drug change over time

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7
Q

Idiosyncratic

A

uncommon response due to genetic disposition

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8
Q

Paradoxical

A

opposite effect of intended effect

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9
Q

Iatrogenic

A

disease caused by drugs

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10
Q

Teratogenic

A

cause of birth defects

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11
Q

Physical dependence

A

adapt to drug exposures
-opioids, barbituates, amphetamines, psych meds
-abstinence syndrome

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12
Q

Abstinence syndrome

A

warm pt of abrupt discontinuing
harmful effects if continue abruptly

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13
Q

Identification of symptoms

A

when occurred?
symptoms leave after discontinued
harmful effects if continue abruptly

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14
Q

Ways to mimimize ADR

A

education
early id
monitoring
black box warnings

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15
Q

Oral Meds

A

tablets/caplets/capsules
Modified release
syrups
suspensions

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16
Q

Modified release

A

-Delayed-eneteric coated
-Extended-controlled relase, sustained, and long-lasting
-oral disintergrating

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17
Q

Administering Oral Meds

A

pt position from semi-fowler’s to high fowlers
assess for potential aspiration
open packaged meds in the room
offer within 1-3 if doable
administration of solids and liquids
Always supervise swallowing
always where gloves

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18
Q

Always watch the pt swallow drugs why?

A

may swallow or pocket drugs in cheeks

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19
Q

If they have difficulty with scored or crushed tablets, put them in

A

applesauce or ice cream

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20
Q

How do you test pt for aspirations?

A

before ask them to take a drink of water

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21
Q

The higher the HOB, the

A

better ability to swallow

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22
Q

At what level does the cup need to be to have the right amount

A

eye level

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23
Q

Avoid PO meds if

A

Change in LOC
NPO status
Altered GI function (HG tube with suction, N/V)
Dysphagia

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24
Q

EC

Study These Flashcards
A

Enteric coated

25
SR
Sustained release
26
TR
Time released
27
CR
Controlled delivery
28
SL
Sublingual
29
DO NOT RUSH to
CRUSH
30
How do you use the pill-splitter?
clean pill splitter with an alcohol swab before and after use use gloves remove pill from packaging position pill to be split where scored
31
If you do not know if you should split, what do you do?
Call pharmacy
32
Topical Meds
medications applied to body surfaces or mucous membranes
33
Topical Medications include
skin application eye instillation ear instillation vaginal instillation rectal instillation
34
Types of Topical meds
powders creams/pastes/gel/ointments drops ointments aerosols/sprays medicated patches suppositories
35
Administering Topical Medications
assess skin integrity prior to application clean previous and present areas well avoid shaving measure if needed (usually an inch) apply as directed on the bottle Always wear gloves Cover with dressing if order allows
36
Transdermal Medicated Patches Steps
Remove and Clean the previous area before replacing Replace patch in a new location without hair or irritation noted Date, Time, and Initial patch Always wear gloves Most are DO NOT CUT Remove for MRI and AED Avoid heating pads
37
Rectal Suppositories
Ask if they need to go to the bathroom Explain procedure Left lateral side-laying (SIMS) Don gloves - remove the packaging Prep the med (water-soluble lubrication) Relaxation techniques (deep breaths) Proper insertion (1 and 1/2 inches) Patient teaching (stay laying like that for 10 mins - and don't push out)
38
Vaginal Medications
Explain Procedure Do peri-care if incontinent Lithotomy Position Don gloves - remove the packaging Proper insertion/application (lubricate) Patient teaching (pt may administer own, may need perineal pad)
39
How far do you insert the vaginal medication?
2-3 inches gently further in vagina
40
Eye drops are commonly used for
eye infections
41
Administering EYE Medications
know the med and why Explain the procedure and instructions Don gloves Position pt and eyelid (holding hand on the lower eyelid down) Instill as prescribed (ointment is spread on the bottom inside lid) Tissue and pressure on the lacrimal duct part of eye for a few seconds to prevent going systemic
42
The tip of the bottle or tube must not touch the eye or lashes because
contamination
43
Ear drops are commonly used for
ear infections
44
What temperature do the ears and the medications need to be to prevent irritation?
warm or room temp
45
Administering ear medications
Explain the procedure and instructions Don gloves Turn your head or lie on the unaffected side Position auricle Instill prescribed amount
46
Adult ear positioning
back and up
47
Child ear positioning
down and back
48
Inhalants common use
infections asthma COPD
49
Administering Inhalers
pre-post assessment (listen to lungs) Explain procedure Position pt and inhaler/spacer (sitting up) Shake the MDI 5-6 times Instruct them to deep breaths and then exhale Tilt head back slightly depress the canister once and then inhale slowly hold your breath for 5-10 secs + Wait 1 min then repeat if prescribed Rinse Mouth especially if steroid
50
MDI Spacers are used for
older adults and children
51
How do you use an MDI Spacer
attach the mouthpiece of an inhaler to the spacer shake inhaler pt seals mouth on the spacer press inhaler then inhale Remove inhaler from spacer and recap both
52
DPI
usually has dose counter pull the lever back to load inhaler hold it flat like hamburger (do not tilt) put mouth around mouthpiece after exhaling quickly inhale and hold breathe take empty capsule and throw away clean mouthpiece
53
If strong medication tastes in the mouth
you did not do it correctly
54
If they have multiple inhalers
wait at least 2-5 mins between medication 1st - Bronchodilators 2nd - Steroids Rinse
55
When do you check the verification steps
Acknowledge Prescriber's Orders Check eMAR vs Meds at Pyxis Check eMAR vs. Meds and pt at the bedside
56
Components of Drug Label
expiration date lot number drug form manufacturer generic name brand name dosage
57
What do you teach the pt about their meds?
name of meds (trade and generic) dosage route frequency reason possible side effects
58
Full step of administering meds
1)Acknowledge Prescriber's Orders 2)Perform hand hygiene and gather supplies 3)Correct meds vs eMAR at pyxis 4)Knocked, AIDET, hand hygiene 5) Carry meds to bedside (keep in sight at all times) 6)*Allergies* 7) Verify pt with name and DOB and scan armband 8)Perform Qualified Nursing checks prior to admin meds 9)Advise pt on meds and needed information -Questions/Concerns/Refusal 10)Scan each med before administering 11)Administer meds correctly 12)Save meds and document 13)Safety and 4Ps 14)Hand hygiene and out the door

Module 1 (Intro To Basics) (32 decks)

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