Pharmacology Quiz 1 (Chapter 1-3)

Question 1

Drug definition

Answer 1

any chemical that affects living processes

Question 2

Pharmacology

Answer 2

study of drugs and interactions with living things

Question 3

Clinical Pharmacology

Answer 3

study of drugs in humans

Question 4

Therapeutics

Answer 4

use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat diseases or pregnancy

Question 5

In a perfect world, What are the ideal functions of an ideal drug? (3)

Answer 5

*Effective
*Safe
*Selective

Question 6

In a perfect world, what are the additional functions an ideal drug would have?

Answer 6

Reversible (null/metabolize)
Predictability
Ease of administering (convenient route/ low dose regimen, pt adherence, less risk)
Freedom drug interaction (no drug to drug interactions)
Low cost
Chemical stability with the same potency
Simple generic name

Question 7

What is the ultimate goal of a therapeutic drug?

Answer 7

provide maximum benefits with minimum harm

Question 8

A drug becomes toxic when given

Answer 8

too much of a dose

Question 9

A drug becomes ineffective if given

Answer 9

too little of a dose

Question 10

T/F
No 2 people respond the same to a drug.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What are the sources of individual variation?

Answer 11

Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacodynamics

Question 12

What is the ultimate concern of administering a drug?

Answer 12

Intensity of response

Question 13

Administration variations

Answer 13

poor patient adherence
Medication errors

Question 14

Pharmacokinetics variations

Answer 14

absorption
distribution
metabolism
excretion

Question 15

Pharmacokinetics definition

Answer 15

how drug moves through the body

Question 16

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 16

how the drug affects the body

Question 17

What determines the nature and intensity of the response?

Answer 17

pharmacodynamics

Question 18

Nursing Process: Systematic approach

Answer 18

methodical
logical
orderly

Question 19

What guides the nursing process decisions?

Answer 19

medication (stop med errors)
safety (pt care and education)
regulation
checks and balances

Question 20

The prescribed dose:
Method and Errors

Answer 20

Administration

-Med errors (7 rights)
-Pt adherence

Question 21

Concentration at the site:
Pharmacokinetics variation and errors

Answer 21

Pharmacokinetics
- absorption
- distribution
- metabolism
- excretion

Question 22

AAPIE

Answer 22

(Pre) Assessment and Analysis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation

Question 23

Concentration at the site:
Pharmacodynamics variation and errors

Answer 23

• drug receptor
• pt functional state
• placebo effects

Question 24

Concentration at the site:
Sources of variation and errors

Answer 24

• physiological
• pathological

Question 25

(Pre) Assessment includes

Answer 25

-Baseline = history, physical exam, lab results, BP/VS, blood sugar, height, and weight -High Risk = liver/kidney, impairment, genetic, allergies, pregnancy, elderly, pediatric -Capacity for Self-care

Question 26

Analysis includes

Answer 26

Nurse Diagnosis - Judge: appropriate prescription drug regimen - Identity: potential health problem that drug can cause

Question 27

Planning includes

Answer 27

Establish objective criteria for evaluation - define goals - set priority - ID specific intervention

Question 28

Implementation includes

Answer 28

drug administration to education to intervention - know when early signs, med response, manage toxicity - therapeutic effects, minimize adverse effects and drug effects, make prn decision

Question 29

Evaluation includes

Answer 29

therapeutic response adverse drug reaction and interaction

Question 30

What type of drug trials do drugs go through?

Answer 30

randomized control trial (volunteer or pt well-established) randomization blinding (single or double)

Question 31

What trial is the best for accurate results?

Answer 31

double-blind (no one knows what med is given)

Question 32

Stages of Drug Development

Answer 32

1- preclinical testing 2- clinical testing stage 1: healthy people tested on metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and biological effects 3- stage 2: therapeutic use and dose range 4- stage 3: safety and effectiveness 5- Post clinical: surveillance

Question 33

After what stage does FDA give approval?

Answer 33

Stage 3 before post clinicals

Question 34

Tylenol generic name

Answer 34

acetaminophen

Question 35

Lithobid generic name

Answer 35

Lithium Carbonate

Question 36

Toprol, Lopressor generic name

Answer 36

Metoprolol succinate

Question 37

Label Requirements by Pure Food and Drug Act 1906

Answer 37

- plain, readable, user friendly - active ingredient and inactive ingredients - uses - warnings - directions **Educate pt on drug labels and approvals**

Question 38

OTC drugs are used for illness ___ % of the time.

Answer 38

60

Question 39

Approximately how much money do OTC companies make each year?

Answer 39

30 billion

Question 40

What percentage of drugs is initially self treated with OTC drugs?

Answer 40

60-90

Question 41

What is the average number of OTC drugs in a household?

Answer 41

24

Question 42

Clinical testing is not done on these individuals

Answer 42

women and children