nuc acids

Question 1

who makes the backbone of the DNA ?

Answer 1

phosphate groups

Question 2

each phosphate can bind to maximum amount of water

Answer 2

6 water molecules

Question 3

wt prevents the DNA phosphate group from repelling each other ?

Answer 3

water
magensium ions
proteins like histones

Question 4

water , magnesium and histone how does it affect the DNA ?

Answer 4

makes it less shaky and more stable

Question 5

transversion mutation is caused by wt ?

Answer 5

radiation ot chemicals

Question 6

transition mutation caused by ?

Answer 6

deamination ( a chemical change inside the base )

Question 7

wt happens in framshift mutation ?

Answer 7

adding or deleting 1 or 2 letters changes everything

Question 8

wdwm by repeat expansion mutation

Answer 8

a small sequence of DNA is repeated many times accidentally

Question 9

expansion mutation causes wt ?

Answer 9

huntingtons disease

Question 10

deamination meaning ?

Answer 10

removing an amino group

Question 11

ROS induced oxidative wdwm ?

Answer 11

reactive oxygen can damage DNA

Question 12

which DNA happerns when theres humid ?

Answer 12

B DNA

Question 13

which dna looks like a right hand spiral ?

Answer 13

B dna

Question 14

which DNA is the dry version ?

Answer 14

A-DNA

Question 15

a right hand spiral but very tight which dna ?

Answer 15

A DNA

Question 16

forms like a left hand spiral ?

Answer 16

Z DNA

Question 17

which DNA forms during transcription

Answer 17

Z dna

Question 18

who forms as a result in torision ?

Answer 18

Z DNA

Question 19

Prokaryotes chromosome is a wt dna ?

Answer 19

circular

Question 20

in bacteria the DNA is found where ?

Answer 20

nucleoid

Question 21

what should happen to the dna of bacteria to fit in the small cell

Answer 21

it needs to be compacted

Question 22

large DNA are compactedby who

Answer 22

nucleoid associated proteins

Question 23

which dna is bigger eukaryotic dna or prokaryotic dna ?

Answer 23

eukaryotic dna is much bigger

Question 24

each chromosome is wrapped around proteins called ?

Answer 24

histones

Question 25

DNA + PROTEINS FORM WT ?

Answer 25

CHROMATIN

Question 26

wt are histones ?

Answer 26

are proteins that help DNA compact into chromatin

Question 27

wt are the five major classes of histones ?

Answer 27

H1 , H2A , H2B , H3 , H4

Question 28

WHICH histone sits outside the bead helping to lock the dna in place and link one nucleosome to the next ?

Answer 28

H1

Question 29

instructions for making proteins and RNA

Answer 29

genome

Question 30

genome is simple and circular dna who ?

Answer 30

prokaryotes

Question 31

genome more complex and linear dna

Answer 31

eukaryotes

Question 32

involved in protein synthesis and plays a structural and enzymatic roles as well who ?

Answer 32

RNA

Question 33

which one is more stable RNA wala DNA ?

Answer 33

DNA

Question 34

rna has wt sugar ?

Answer 34

ribose sugar

Question 35

wt makes RNA more reactive than dna ?

Answer 35

the presence of the 2 oh group of ribose

Question 36

in RNA wt is replaces instead of thymine ?

Answer 36

uracil

Question 37

rna is single or double strand ?

Answer 37

single strand

Question 38

can RNA cleave ?

Answer 38

YES

Question 39

trna function

Answer 39

transports amino acids to ribosomes

Question 40

look like a wraped cloverleaf due to extensive intrachain base pairing who ?

Answer 40

TRNA

Question 41

AMINO acids are attached via wt ?

Answer 41

aminoacyl- TRNA synthestases

Question 42

who attaches the correct amino acid to the corresponding TRNA ?

Answer 42

AMINO ACYL TRNA

Question 43

a sequence of these nucleotides on the trna

Answer 43

anticodon

Question 44

a sequence of these nucleotides on the mrna

Answer 44

codon

Question 45

which rna forms part of the ribosome ?

Answer 45

ribosomal

Question 46

which rna synthesise proteins ?

Answer 46

rrna

Question 47

ribosomes of euaryotic are larger or smaller ?

Answer 47

larger

Question 48

carrier of genetic info from dna to protein synthesis

Answer 48

Mrna

Question 49

wt do we call the sequencewithin the mrna taht codes for polypeptide

Answer 49

ORF open reading frame

Question 50

codes for multiple proteins ( polycistronic )? who

Answer 50

prokaryotic MRNA

Question 51

CODES for only a single polypeptide and is therefore referred to as

Answer 51

eukaryotic MRNA , monocistronic

Question 52

do not directly code for polypeptides

Answer 52

NCRNA

Question 53

have roles in the activation or inhibiton of gene expression

Answer 53

regulatory RNA

Question 54

RNA SPLICING, CHEMICAL MODIFICATIONS OF NUCLEOTIDE BASES WHO ?

Answer 54

house keeping NCRNAS