Nucleic acid and proteins Flashcards
DNA stands for
deoxyribosenucleic acid
DNA is
- found in nucleus of eukaryotes
- made of chains of nucleotides
DNA is structures with
- A phosphate group (makes nucleic acid acidic)
- A deoxyribose sugar
- A nitrogenous base
The nitrogenous bases in DNA
- Thymine and Adenine
- Cytosine and Guanine
Deoxyribose does not
Have a hydroxal (OH) group
Molecular structure of RNA
- Ribose instead of deoxyribose (OH added)
- Uracil instead of thymine
primary structure
order of amino acids
dictates secondary and tertiary structures
secondary structure
polypeptide chains repeatedly folded due to hydrogen bonds between polypeptides
oxygen atoms in a polypeptide backbone are
slightly negative
hydrogen atoms in a polypeptide backbone are
slightly positive
Tertiary structure
overall shape of polypeptide bonds, caused by R-groups
R groups
define amino acids and their function
R-groups can be hydrophilic or hydrophobic
True
Where are hydrophilic R-groups located?
On the outside of a structure
Where are hydrophobic R groups located?
On the inside of a structure
