Structure of water & hydrogen bonding Flashcards
Covalent bond
Sharing of 2+ pairs of electrons between 2 atoms
Polar covalent bond
When atoms are shared unequally in a covalent bond.
- Slightly negative or slightly positive.
Cohesion
Water molecules held together.
Adhesion
Attraction between different substances.
- Responsible for capillary action and high solvency
Hydrophilic
Charged/polar substance that dissolves in water.
(Water loving)
Hydrophobic
Nonpolar molecules that don’t dissolve in water.
(Water fearing, hydrophobic structures curve inwards)
Surface tension
Tendency of liquid surface to resist rupture when placed under stress.
- Due to cohesive forces.
Capillary action
Water’s ability to flow in a narrow space without gravity or another external force.
Polar molecules
Are attracted to other polar molecules
Nonpolar molecules
Are attracted to nonpolar molecules
Why is water polar?
Because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen
When two of the same molecules form hydrogen bonds
Cohesion
When two different molecules form hydrogen bonds
adhesion
Why is ice less dense than water?
Cohesive properties
Water’s ability to resist sudden temperature changes
High heat capacity
