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ABSN Cohort 19 > NURS316 Final > Flashcards

NURS316 Final Flashcards

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1
Q

Bronchodilator for acute asthmatic attacks

+AKA and 1 example

A

Sympathomimetics
Beta-2 Adrenergic Agonists
Albuterol

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2
Q

Prototype drug anti-acute bronchoconstriction

A

Salmeterol (Serevent)

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3
Q

C/o wheezing/breathlessness in acute asthmatic attacks

A

histamine response r/in swelling in tissues, obstructing air flow

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4
Q

Medication for long-term emphysema tx

A

Beta-2 Selective Adrenergic Agonists

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5
Q

Contraindicated drug when tx’ing asthmatic pts with glaucoma

A

Anticholinergics

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6
Q

Steroid inhalers + fx on asthma and COPD (2)

A

↓ inflammatory

↑ bronchodilation

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7
Q

Open vs Tension pneumothorax (3 ea)

A 
Open
Less threatening
Inhaled air compresses lung
Lung re-flats somewhat w/ exhalation
Closed
Life threatening
Air enters, but doesn't leave
Air pressurizes organs in thoracic cage
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8
Q

Why are pneumothoraxes are life threatening

What happens and fx what? (2)

A

Air in pleural space collapses lung and fx ventilation

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9
Q

Sympathomimetic meds vs airway dz? (fx + 3 r/in)

Fight v. Flight

A

Mimics Sympathetic NS which r/in
dilation bronchi
↑ RR
↑ Depth

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10
Q

Major cause of chronic bronchitis

A

Smoking

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11
Q

Fx antitussives? and condition used to tx?

A

Ø cough reflex

Control a non-productive cough

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12
Q

Important education about antitussives?

They are…? and 2Øs

A

They are CNS depressants

Ø drive/perform activities of alertness

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13
Q

3 Tx for allergic rhinitis

A

Topical nasal decongestants
Topical nasal steroid decongestants
Oral decongestants

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14
Q

Important education about OTC medications

A

Read the labels!

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15
Q

3 Sputum thinning medications to to make non-productive cough, productive?

A

Mucolytics for tracheostomies
Pulmozyme for cystic fibrosis
PO Guaifenesin (Mucinex)

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16
Q

Upper Respiratory med. for swollen airways r/t flu/cold?

Important education about this med?

A

Topical nasal decongestants

MORE is NOT better!

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17
Q

2-long acting Beta-2 Agonist Inhalers

A

Albuterol (Proventil) ***

Salmeterol (Serevemt) ***

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18
Q

2 Anticholinergic Inhalers

frequencies and routes for…? (2, 1)

A 
Ipratropium (Atrovent)
tid inhale COPD
spray rhinorrhea
Tiotropium (Spirivia) 
QD COP
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19
Q

Corticosteroid inhalers fx and an example

A

Tx/prevent asthma
substitute for pts who Ø respond to traditional bronchodilators

Beclomethasone (Beclovent) ***

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20
Q

Which lipoprotein when elevated ↓% CAD

A

HDL

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21
Q

Type of medication: Ezetimide (Zetia)

and mechanism of action

A

Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor

↓ absorption of cholesterol

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22
Q

2 Common AdFx of HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)

4 S/S of 2nd AdFx

A

Cramps

Rhabomylosis - S/S cola urine, muscle myalgia (stiffness and weakness), seizures, weight gain

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23
Q

2 Fx Vascular Endothelium.

What is secreted?

A

Creates compounds of vasodilation/constriction
Modulates blood flow and vascular reactivity

Nitric Oxide

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24
Q

S/S RHF (Right ♥ Failure)

A

Jugular Vein Distention (JVD)… basically ↓ blood flow

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25
2 S/S Chronic Venouse Insufficiency | Appearance ▲s?
Varicose veins/Venous Ulcers | Nectrotic, shiny bluish brown skin
26
CHF and 3 Tx (w/ fx)
♥ fails to effectively pump blood (common Left ventricle) Vasodilators ↓ workload Diuretics ↓ afterload volume Beta-Adrenergic Agonists ↑contraction via SNS
27
Cardiac output = X times Y?
HR x Stroke Volume
28
Preload Afterload and Myocaridal Contractility
Blood in ♥ @ end of diastole to be pumped Resistance blood that ♥ has to beat against AKA Inotropy, ability of filaments to shorten against load
29
What is Pulmonary Edema and 2 hallmark S/S
Fluid overload crackles pink frothy sputum
30
Betablockers end in? | + 3 examples
LOL Metoprolol (Lopsressor) Nadolol (Corgard) Propranolol (Inderal)
31
Contraindicators for administering beta-blockers (3)
Respiratory bronchospasm, dyspnea, cough
32
♥ condition contraindication w/ beta-blockers and what to monitor
CHF, mpmotpr RR
33
Therapeutic fx of beta-blockers on pts w/ myocaridal infarctions
↓ Angina by ↑ force of contraction (Inotropic effect)
34
Calcium channel blockers end with...? | And an example
PINE | Diltiazem (Cardizem)
35
ACE Inhibitors end with...? | And example prototype
IL | Captopril (Capoten)
36
ACE Inhibitor fx and how?
↓ HTN | by converting Angiotensin 1 to Angiotensin 2
37
Angiotensin 2 Receptor Blockers (2) end with..? | and example prototype
ARTAN | Losartan (Cozaar)
38
ARBS are indicated for (2)
HTN and HF
39
Cardiomyopathy w/ disorganizaed, thickened, and ineffective contractile proteins
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
40
Most common S/S Cardiomyopathy | and mechanism of body used to counter-act it
dynsea | Compensatory mechanism
41
Components of Stroke Volume (4)
Preload, afterload, myocardial contractility, and HR
42
Preload is...? | Imposes...?
Volume | Load on heart pre-contraction
43
Afterload is...? | Imposes...? (2)
Resistance | HTN and Vasoconstriction
44
How to measure Pre-Load | measurment and reference range
Central Venous Pressure | Normal CVP = 3 - 5 mmHg
45
Vasodilators fx on Afterload? Medical term of resistance (SVR) Measure using?
↓ Systemic Vascular Resistance MAP
46
Fx of Digoxin on ♥ in/r to HF?
↑ myocardial contraction ↓ HR negative chronotrophic fx (aka Bradycardia and ↓ stroke volume)
47
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors use and example w/ route
Short-term management of HF for adults recieving digoxin and diuretics. Has severe Adfx! Milrinone (Primacor) - IV only immediate onset
48
AdFx to monitor for when using PhosphoInhibitors
Monitor for ↓ platelet levels
49
3 Types of Coronary Artery Ischemic Dz
Chronic stable angina Silent myocardial ischemia Variant/Vasopastic Angina
50
Lethal arrhythmia commonly w/ cardial muscle ischemia
Ventricular Fibrillation
51
S/S Angina (2)
Pain in substernal area of chest | Pain in Epigastric (not to be confused with indigestion!)
52
Warfarin (Coumadin) fx and therapeutic levels affected (INR/PT)
anticoagulant that stops prothrombin INR 2 - 3.5 PT 1.3 - 1.5
53
PT
Prothrombin Time
54
Urokinase (Abbokinase) what is...? and fx.
Thrombolytic Agent | Breaks down fibrin clots
55
Heparin Fx What to monitor (3) Labs to consider (3) Antidote to neutralize?
↓ clot formation by blocking prothrombin/fibrin ↑ BP, HR, and bleeding PT, PTT, INR Protamine Sulfate
56
Don't give aspirin if pt is...? (2)
Excessively bleeding or has Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
57
Medication for hemophilia and fx. | Prototype and brand name of medication.
``` Desmopressine Hormone (DDVAP) Pressor/Antiduretic Fx Antihemophilic factor (Xyntha) ```
58
What is Aminocarporic Acid (Amicar) and Fx Tx for...?
Only systemic hemostatic agent available!!! Tx for excessive bleeding in hyperfibrinolytic states Management of acute, life threatening hemorrhage (Subarachnoid)
59
R/F Open-Angle Glaucoma (2)
> 40 yrs/o and Diabetes
60
Medications for open-angle glaucoma (5)
``` 1st choice: Beta Blockers (↓ production of aqueous humor) then... Adrenergic Agonists Prostaglandins Diamox (carbonic Anhydrase inhibitor) Cholinergic Agonists ```
61
Instructions for pts using beta-blocker eye drops?
Lay down for 10 min after using drops to avoid orthostatic HTN
62
S/S Meniere's Dz (3)
Vertigo, tinnitus, ↓ hearing
63
Medications for ear disorders (2) and routes
Dramamine (OTC PO) | Scopolamine (anticholinergeric prescription)
64
Other middle ear disorders (6)
``` Eustacian Tube obstruction Acute Otitis Media Adhesive Otitis Media Otosclerosis Cholesteatoma Mastoiditis ```
65
Education for pts with tympanoplasty on antibiotics
FINISH YOUR DAM PRESCRIPTION
66
Education for pts using eye drops
Pressure on punctum and lie down for 10 minutes to avoid ortho. HTN
67
Diagnostic procedure contraindicated for pts with penetrating eye surgery
MRI b/c it it r/in severe pain
68
Calcium Channel blockers end in...? | except for..?
IPINE | Verapamil amd Diltiazem (Cardizem, Dilacor CR)(prototype))
69
ACE Inhibitors end in...? | Prototype?
IL | Captopril (Capoten)
70
Beta Blockers end in...? | Prototype?
LOL | Metoprolol (Lopressor)
71
3 Anti-anginal Agents
Metoprolol (Toprol, Toprol XL) Nadolol (Corgard) Propranolol (Inderal)
72
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) end in...? | Prototype?
SARTAN | Losartan (Cozaar)
73
Beta2 Agonist Inhalers (2) goTo Rescue Long-acting Bronchospasm Prevention
Albuterol (Proventil) | Salmeterol (Serevent)
74
2 Anticholinergic Inhalers
Ipratropium (Atropvent) - Prototype | Tiotropium (Spiriva)
75
5 Corticosteroid Inhalers
``` Beclomethasone (Beclovent) Budesonide (Pulmicort) - Prototype Ciclesonide (Alvesc) Fluticasone (Flovent) Triamcinolone (Azmacort) ```
76
Long-Acting Beta2 Agonist Inhaler specific to maintenence
Salmeterol (Serevent)
77
HMG-COA Reductase Inhibitors end with...?
STATIN
78
3 Fibric Acid Agents
Fenofibrate (TriCor) Fenofibric acid (Trilipix) Gemfibrozil (Lopid)
79
2 Antiplatelet Agents
Ticagrelor (Brilinta) | Prasugrel (Effient)
80
2 Phosphodiasterase Inhibitors
Inamrinone (Inocor) - Thee originial! | Milrinone (Primacor)
81
Name of Cardiac Glycoside?
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
82
3 Bile Acid Binding Agents (Sequestrants)
Cholestyramine (Questran) - Prototype Colesevelam Colestipol
83
Name of Nicotinic Acid (Vit B)
Niacin (Niaspan)
84
Cystic Fibrosis
secretions become thick and sticky, r/in poor ventilation and etc.
85
Ischemia
Cell death r/t Ø O2
86
Rhinnorhea
runny nose
87
Angina
Chest pain b/c ↓ blood flow to ♥
88
ARB
Angiotensin 2 Receptor Blockers
89
Thrombocytopenia
↓ platelet count
90
Prothrombin
Clotting factor
91
Thrombolytic Agent fx
dissolves clots
92
Hemophilia
dz where blood Ø clot normallly
93
Glycoprotein Inhibitor what is...? and Fx
antiplatelet agent, ↓ clotting

ABSN Cohort 19 (28 decks)

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