Nutrition Flashcards
(65 cards)
Omega 3 FAs
ALA, EPA, DHA
Use: atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia, Inflammatory diseases, mental health, DM, eczema
Def→derm pathologies, CV pathologies
Foods: cold water fish, cod liver oil, walnut, flax or soy oil, algae
Omega 6 FAs
GLA, linoleic acid
Uses: allergies, RA, asthma, eczema with itch
Tox: large doses cause peroxidation without additional Vit E
Foods: veggies, nuts, seed, evening primrose, borage oil
Saturated FAs
contain no double bonds
Tox: excessive ingestion, inc risk of CV dz, colon CA
Foods: animal products, palm and coconut oils
Trans FAs
Just don’t eat this shit.
Cause: ADHD, atherosclerosis and CA
Foods: hydrogenated oils in processed foods, margarine, vegetable cooking oil
Water soluble fiber
prevent/Tx CV dz, DM, obesity, IBS, colon CA, diverticulitis, other GI dzs
Foods: fruits, legumes, seaweeds, vegetables, whole grains, nuts
Water insoluble fiber
Same use as most water soluble fibers, but *more irritating . PUD, constipation, digestive, weight loss
Food: wheat germ, veggies (roots), legumes, some fruits
Protein deficiencies
Kwashiokor: protein malnutrition with sufficient calories - hypoalbuminemic, gen edema, hepatosplenomegaly
Marasmus: (infants) protein and kcal deficiency - diarrhea, hunger, severe weight loss, growth retardation, muscle and subQ fat wasting
Notes about protein in gen
Tx uses: pregnany, lactation, pre-eclampsia
Other notes
Promotes Ca excretion and urine acidification –> osteoporosis and urolith
LIMIT in peeps with chronic renal failure and hepatic failure
Dietary levels correlated with heart dz
L-DOPa must be taken away from protein meals
Folic Acid
Uses: megaloblastic anemia, cervical dysplasia, neuro dz, oral dz (gingivitis), CA
foods: liver, greens, beets, broccoli
B12
Cobalamin
Uses: Deficiency syndromes and metabolic d/os - pernicious or megaloblastic anemias; neuropsych conditions: fatue, anxiety, depression, dementia
animal protein, milk, eggs, seafood, brewers yeast, fermented cheese
*Always give with folate
Lab: MMA, hypersegmentation of neutrophils
B6
Pyridoxine
Uses: Pain, N of pregnancy, PMS, depression, diabetes, asthma
meats, whole grains, egg yolk, soy beans, walnuts, cabbage, etc
*doses >500 mg/d can cause peripheral neuropathy
B3
Niacin/nicotinaminde
Uses: hyperlipidemia, DM, migrains, schizo
organ meat, meat, peanuts, dairy, eggs, almonds, sunflower seeds
*may raise HDL, has SE of flush
Vitamin A
Uses: immune fxn, derm conditions eye conditions
Labs: serum retinol, LV Bx
Foods: fish liver oil, whole milk, butter
Beta carotene
PROMOTES LUNG CANCER IN SMOKERS - never supplement
Use: alcoholism, prevent CV dz
Foods: dark green, yellow, orange veggies and fruits
Biotin
Uses: DM, diabetic neuropathiy, seborrheic derm
CI: psoriasis
B1
Thiamin
Uses: alcoholism, neuro conditions, fibrocystic br dz
B2
Riboflavin
Uses: eye conditions (cataracts, mac degen), migraine prophylaxis, muscle cramps
B5
Pantothenic acid
Uses: hypoadrenalism, allergic rhinitis
Vitamin C
Uses: CA, immune stimulation, colds/flu, cv dz, atherosclerosis, allergies
Foods: primarily citrus and tomatoes
CI: dialysis
Can cause osmotic diarrhea and iron overload
*may interfere with stool fecal occult blood, hgb and urine glucose tests
Vitamin D
Uses: prevent osteoporosis, kidney-related bone issues, hypoparathyroidism, CA prophylaxis
Tox: over 10,000 IUs/day for prolonged periods, kiddos and infants can easily be OD’d
Vitamin E
Uses: atherosclerosis, PMS, CA, parkinsonism, Alxheimer’s
Foods: wheat germ, dark leafy greens, vegetable oils
Vit K
Uses: clotting DOs due to deficiency, osteoporosis
Foods: dark leafy greens
Labs: PT and INR
Boron
osteoporosis
Calcium
3 uses
Uses: allergies, osteoporosis, muscle cramps
Food: dairy, green leafs, sesame
