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Clin Med II - Nutrition > Nutritional Requiremets > Flashcards

Nutritional Requiremets Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

6 Life stages to consider with diet

A
  1. Gestation and Lactation
  2. Neonates
  3. Weaning
  4. Growth
  5. Adults
  6. Geriatric
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2
Q

Poor nutrition during gestation and lactation can lead to 2 things

A
  1. Low birth weight

2. Increased risk of neonatal mortality

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3
Q

The healthier the _______ the better chance of healthy pups and kittens

A

mom

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4
Q

Gestation lasts approximately

A

63 days

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5
Q

Moms should be switched to this diet during the last 3-4 weeks of gestation

A

Highly digestible growth diet (puppy food)

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6
Q

The method of choice for feeding a pregnant dog

A

Small, frequent meals

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7
Q

An omega 3 fatty acid that aids in brain, vision, and CNS development in the womb

A

DHA

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8
Q

During lactation, what type of diet should you feed the new mother dog

A

Growth (puppy)

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9
Q

The maternal milk that contains antibodies

A

colostrum

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10
Q

Colostrum is produced during the

A

first 24-48 hrs postpartum

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11
Q

Neonates should nurse how many times a day? When should neonates be weighed?

A

4-6 times a day

Weighed daily for the first 2 weeks

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12
Q

Puppies should gain _________ per kg of anticipated body weight

A

2-4g/day

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13
Q

Only necessary when supplementing weak or premature neonates, orphans, large litters, or when the mother is unable to produce sufficient amounts

A

Commercial milk replacers

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14
Q

This should not be offered to neonates because it could cause diarrhea and dehydration

A

Cow’s milk

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15
Q

Weaning of pups should begin at

A

3 wks

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16
Q

Thick, soupy gruel mixture that should be offered _______/day

A

Slurry; 3-4x/day

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17
Q

Pups should be completely weaned by _________ for large breeds. _______________ for small breeds.

A

5-7 weeks (lg)

6-8 weeks (sm)

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18
Q

4 special characteristics of growth formula diets

A
  1. Palatible
  2. High digestibility and increased caloric density
  3. Optimal Ca/P balance
  4. DHA
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19
Q

Pups should be weighed and evaluated every ______________ using BCS system to determine if nutritional needs are optimal.

A

2 weeks

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20
Q

The goal of feeding large breed pups

A

Decrease growth rate but reach dog’s genetic potential at maturity

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21
Q

Most common problems with feeding lg breed dogs

A

Overfeeding and Supplemetaion

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22
Q

Overfeeding and Supplementation of lg breed pups can result in

A

Obesity, hip dysplasia, and osteochondritis

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23
Q

Excess or deficiency in a large breed pup’s diet can result in

A

musculoskeletal problems

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24
Q

This vitamin is required because it regulates Ca metabolism, aids in the absorption of Ca and P, and increases bone cell activity

25
Recommended feeding for large breed pups
Food-restricted
26
Increases lean body mass, bone mass and density, and decreases the risk of obesity.
L-carnitine
27
The ____________ of an adult dog will determine its nutritional needs
lifestyle
28
Adulthood ranges between ________ years depending on the _____ of the dog
1-7 | size
29
Smaller dogs age ___________ than that of large breeds
slower
30
Table scraps and treats should account for, if any, ____ of the animal's diet
10%
31
Food is available at all times and the animal determines how much and when to eat. Recommended during lactation
Free choice
32
Unlimited amount of food available for a certain period of time
Time-restricted meal feeding
33
Specific amount of food offered at specific times during the day. The best feeding method
Food restricted
34
Offering a highly digestible, caloric dense food that's higher in fat is recommended for
Active dogs
35
Feeding an active diet when an animal is not active can lead to
obesity
36
Small breed dogs begin their geriatric stage around ____ years. Large breeds begin their geriatric stage around ___ years.
7 | 5
37
To avoid weight gain, a geriatric diet should have reduced
fat and calories
38
Geriatric diets help reduce the workload of the cardiovascular system by having decreased levels of 3 things
NaCl, protein, and P
39
Increased ______ and ________ for skin and coat are important in a geriatric dog food
Zinc | EFA's
40
An increase in this can slow intestinal transit time, improve nutrient absorption, and regulate bowel movements in geriatric dogs
Fiber
41
A decrease in olfactory senses and appetite should be compensated with increased ___________ and ______________ in geriatric diets
palatability and digestibility
42
High levels of __________ helps improve clinical signs associated with osteoarthritis
omega-3 fatty acids
43
These teeth have high tartar build up
Premolars and molars
44
Cats are considered to be true ___________ and need a _____ protein, ___ carb diets
carnivores high low
45
2 amino acids needed for cats
arginine | taurine
46
A decrease in taurine can cause
vision changes and infertility
47
Cats require this EFA because they can't synthesize it from linoleic acid
arachidonic acid
48
Cats require these 3 vitamins
B3,B6, and A
49
This feeding method is recommended for the gestation period for cats
Free choice
50
Cats gain weight in a _________fashion during gestation
linear
51
Kittens weigh between ________g at birth and should gain _____g/wk
85-120 | 90-100
52
Kitten feeding should take place __ times a day
4
53
Slurry should be provided to kittens
2-3 times daily
54
Kittens should be weaned by __________ but no sooner than ___________
8-10 weeks | 6 weeks
55
Kittens should be fed _________ during growth periods
free choice
56
Kitten food should be fed until the kitten reaches
10 months of age
57
Cats are _________ by nature so they should be fed throughout the day or divided into frequent meals
nibblers
58
What is important to avoid finicky problems/behavioral eating problems?
Consistency
59
Cats enter their senior years at
6 years

Clin Med II - Nutrition (5 decks)

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