OA

Question 1

what cartilage in knee etc

Answer 1

hyaline

Question 2

what nodes in the fingers in OA

Answer 2

bouchards at the pips
heberdens at the dips

Question 3

menisci are what cartilage

Answer 3

fibro cartilage

Question 4

where do you see OA in 20 year olds? what are they called

Answer 4

spinal column
syndesmophytes

Question 5

what cells live in hyaline cartilage and how are they nourished

Answer 5

chondrocytes diffusion (hyaline carilage is avascular)

Question 6

what is the line between the the articular cartilage and the calcified zome called?

Answer 6

tidemark

Question 7

describe the layers of articular cartilage

Answer 7

Question 8

how much % of articular cartilage is chondrocytes

Answer 8

5

Question 9

deeper chondrocytes have a lot of

Answer 9

golgi and endoplasmic reticulum

Question 10

what draws water in to hydrate art cartilage. how?

Answer 10

proteoglycans. high neg charge

Question 11

what collagens art cart

Answer 11

2 at the top, 10 at the bottom
2 is most common

Question 12

which layer of art cart is compressable>? how

Answer 12

middle, criss-cross collagen

Question 13

Answer 13

Question 14

which OA has the highest genetic link. how much

Answer 14

spinal 70%

Question 15

what is the alternative name of COX2. what is the relevance to OA

Answer 15

PTGS2 - increased inflammation, oxidative stress

Question 16

what comes first in OA? synovitis or cartilage/bone pathology

Answer 16

cart bone

Question 17

what is the main cause of loss of funct in OA

Answer 17

synovitis

Question 18

women are most sussceptible to knee OA becaus

Answer 18

Q angle is bigger

Question 19

major factor in oa progression. which gene? what does it do

Answer 19

loss of superficial chondrocytes
HMGB2
loss of progenitor cells
reduced synthesis of ECM components

Question 20

3 phases of OA

Answer 20

fibrillation
erosion
eburnation (complete loss of cartilage)

Question 21

which condition would see duplication of the tidemark

Answer 21

OA

Question 22

in OA what can happen to the collagen in the joint

Answer 22

change from 2 to 1
less compressable, rougher

Question 23

what is this sign of OA

Answer 23

isogenic clusters
few chondrocytes nearby so cells cluster to compensate

Question 24

what enzymes are released from stressed chondrocytes in OA

Answer 24

MMPs
collagenases
ADAMTs

Question 25

what is softening of collagen called

Answer 25

chondromalacia

Question 26

which specific MMP is linked with OA

Answer 26

MMP13

Question 27

what is the conseauence of loss of proteoglycans in the superficial layer of art cart in OA

Answer 27

dehydration

Question 28

3 bone consequences of OA

Answer 28

subchondral cysts sclerotic (denser, woven) bone vascular engorgement leading to bone marrow oedema

Question 29

where do osteophytes grow? where do you see it? Why?

Answer 29

all over only at joint margins gets worn down at articular surfaces

Question 30

example of COX-2 inh

Answer 30

celecoxib

Question 31

what is thw trigger for writing an OA referral to surgery

Answer 31

waking at night from pain

Question 32

3 pre-replacement surgical options for OA

Answer 32

washin and debridement micro-fracture chodrocyte grafting

Question 33

women show more severe OA symptoms in which joints

Answer 33

hand and knee

Question 34

premature polyarticular OA has a genetic component. the genes coding for what are broken

Answer 34

collagen 2

Question 35

what are the big 3 co-morbidities

Answer 35

CV OA MH

Question 36

pseudogout??

Question 37

Perthe's disease

Question 38

grading of OA

Answer 38

Grade 0 Normal Grade 1 Very minor bone spur no pain or discomfort Grade 2 1st time people experience symptoms, pain on walking more bone spurs Grade 3 Moderate OA with frequent pain and joint stiffness especially after rest, cartilage shows damage Grade 4 Severe OA with dramatic loss of joint space high levels of pain and discomfort during walking or moving joint

Question 39

what is pseudolaxity

Answer 39

loss of cartilage in eg knee causes loss of joint height so ligament becomes lax despite being normal length and tension

Question 40

what is erosive OA and where

Answer 40

erosions in the dip and pip joints. very deforming severe subset of nodal generalised OA. can be confused with RA. inflammatory gullwing joint appearance on OA

Question 41

erosive arthritis new tx

Answer 41

tnf inhibitor

Question 42

where does OA start

Answer 42

in the cartilage

Question 43

which IL causes morning stiffness in RA and OA

Answer 43

6

Question 44

how long is mornin stiddness in RA/OA

Answer 44

>60mins <60 mins