observations Flashcards
What are behavioural catagories - ugh here we go again with more bloody flashcards
Devising a set of component behaviours
What is event sampling
Counting the number of times a certain behaviour/event occurs to a target individual(s)
What is time sampling
Recording behaviours in a given time frame e.g. noting what an individual is doing every 30 seconds
What is a controlled observation
When the researcher has some measure of control over the experiment
Give some strengths for a controlled observation
- control over extraneous variables
- inter-observer reliability
- easy to replicate
Give some weaknesses for a controlled observation
- dont be silly it has none idiot, I’m kidding the observations are very weak you would think it was ben neighbour
- cannot be applied to real-life settings
- may be subjective towards what the researcher wants to see
What is a naturalistic observation
Studying behaviour in a natural setting where everything has been left as it is normally
Listen here … stop talking about ur personal lives, even if you weren’t I’m sure you were thinking about it and instead be useful and give me some strengths of a naturalistic observation you good for nothing sons of bitches
- High external (ecological) validity
- Natural environment - generalised to everyday life
- Few demand characteristics (which is ironic considering i just demanded you to give me these points hahahahahahahhahahahahah)
Give some weaknesses of a naturalistic observation
- Replication difficult - lack of control
- Uncontrolled extraneous variables
What is a covert obeservation
Participants are not aware that they are being observed
Give some strengths of a covert observation
- No demand characteristics
Give some weaknesses of a covert observation
Ethical issues as they do not know they are being observed …. so yk maybe tell them next time
What is an overt observation
Participants are aware that they are being observed
Give some strengths of an overt observation
Less ethical issues as are not being deceived
Give some weaknesses of an overt observation
May demand characteristics as they know they are being observed
What is a participant observation
Observer acts as part of a group being watched
Give some strengths of a participant observation
- experience situation
- insight
- increased validity
- do not be scared
Give some weaknesses of a participant observation
- lose objectivity
- ethical issues
- difficulty in recording observations
What is a non-participant observation
Experimenter doesn’t become part of the group being observed (probably for the best zimmerbardiomyboi)
Give some strengths of a non participant observation
- More ethical
- More objective
Give some weaknesses of a non participant observation
- Less insight … into what? ur di-
- not experiencing the same things
What is a structured observaon
The researcher determines precisely what behaviours are to be observed and uses a standardised checklist to record the frequency with which they are observed within a specific time frame
Give some strengths for a structured observations
Easier to gather relevant data because you know what you are looking for
Give some weaknesses for a structured observations
Interesting behaviours could go unrecorded because they weren’t pre-defined as important
damn how rood, who is taking this up with the CEO of structured observations
