Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Flashcards
1
Q
What is obstructive sleep apnoea?
A
Episodes of apnoea during sleep caused by collapse of the pharyngeal airway
2
Q
What is the pathophysiology of OSA?
A
- Reduced muscle tone with negative pressure from inspiration leads to airway collapse
- This causes reduction/cessation of airway which can result in micro-awakenings to restore the airway leading to broken sleep
3
Q
What are risk factors for OSA?
A
- Middle age
- Male
- Obesity
- Alcohol
- Smoking
- Family history
4
Q
What are features of OSA?
A
- Episodes of apnoea during sleep
- Snoring
- Morning headache
- Waking up unrefreshed from sleep
- Daytime sleepiness
- Concentration problems
5
Q
What are the systems used to assess from symptoms of sleepiness associated with OSA?
A
Epworth Sleepiness Scale
Multiple Sleep Latency Test
6
Q
How is OSA managed?
A
- Referral to ENT/Sleep Clinic for sleep studies
- Correct reversible risk factors
- CPAP
- Surgical treatment would be last line
