OGTT

Question 1

It is primarily used in diagnosing

Answer 1

✔ Diabetes mellitus
✔ Gestational diabetes
✔ Impaired glucose tolerance

Question 2

Since glucose metabolism is influenced by various factors such as.

Answer 2

insulin sensitivity, pancreatic function, and overall carbohydrate metabolism

Question 3

2 methods:

Answer 3

1. One-step approach (Janney-Isaacson Method) ➙ most common
2. Two-step approach (Exton Rose Method)

Question 4

Reference Ranges

Answer 4

Fasting-Plasma Glucose: ≤ 92 mgl/dL (5.1 mmol/L)
1-hr Plasma Glucose: ≤ 180 mgl/dL (10 mmol/L)
2-hr Plasma Glucose: ≤ 153 mg/dL (8.5 mmol/L)

Question 5

Glucose conversion factor:

Answer 5

0.05551

Question 6

Significant results must always be in conjunction with symptoms of DM

Answer 6

RPG

Question 7

Symptoms of DM:

Answer 7

• Polyuria
• Polyphagia
• Polydipsia

Question 8

Indicative but not diagnostic; must be confirmed by a 2 hour post glucose

Answer 8

RPG

Question 9

Normal value for RPG

Answer 9

< 200 mg/dL

Question 10

DM value for RPG:

Answer 10

> 200 mg/dl + symptoms

Question 11

FPG: fasting of at least _____ is required

Answer 11

8 hours

Question 12

Levels that exceed the cutoff at 2 occasions = DM isconfirmed

Answer 12

FPG

Question 13

NV of FPG

Answer 13

<100mg/dL

Question 14

Preferred as confirmatory test

Answer 14

FPG

Question 15

Pre-diabetes value for FPG

Answer 15

100 - 125 mg/al (impaired fasting glucose / pre-DM)

Question 16

DM value for FPG

Answer 16

> 126 mg/dL

Question 17

In 2-hr PG, CHO intake of

Answer 17

> 150 g/day for 3 days

Question 18

Fasting hour for OGTT

Answer 18

8-14 hrs

Question 19

Standard load gram for OGTT

Answer 19

75 g or 1.75g/kg body weight

Question 20

Normal value for OGTT

Answer 20

<140 mg/dL

Question 21

Pre-diabetes value for OGTT

Answer 21

140-149 mg/dL (impaired glucose tolerance)

Question 22

DM value for OGTT

Answer 22

> 200 mg/dL

Question 23

Part of the diagnostic criteria

Answer 23

HBA1c

Question 24

HBA1c specimen

Answer 24

EDTA whole blood

Question 25

HBA1c pre-diabetes value

Answer 25

5.7-6.4%

Question 26

HbA1c DM value

Answer 26

>6.5%

Question 27

Gestational DM (100 g; 3-hour OGTT) Screening test:

Answer 27

50 g; 1-hour OGTT

Question 28

Gestational DM Diagnosis is made if any 2 or more of the following glucose levels are met or exceeded:

Answer 28

- FPG > 95 mg/dL - 1-h PG > 180 mg/dL - 2-h PG > 155 mg/dL - 3-h PG > 140 mg/dL

Question 29

The only hypoglycemic agent; lower plasma glucose level

Answer 29

Insulin

Question 30

Pancreatic hormone (produced by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans)

Answer 30

Insulin

Question 31

It is normally released when glucose level is high

Answer 31

Insulin

Question 32

Insulin Promotes

Answer 32

✔ cellular uptake of glucose ✔ glycolysis ✔ glycogenesis ✔ lipogenesis

Question 33

Insulin inhibits:

Answer 33

✖ glycogenolysis

Question 34

Major hyperglycemic hormone; increases glucose level

Answer 34

Glucagon

Question 35

Pancreatic hormone (produced by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans)

Answer 35

Glucagon

Question 36

Glucagon Promotes:

Answer 36

✔ gluconeogenesis (synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources) ✔ glycogenolysis (reverse of glycogenesis)

Question 37

Glucagon Inhibits:

Answer 37

✖ glycolysis

Question 38

Promotes gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis Stimulates release of cortisol from the adrenal cortex Anterior pituitary hormone

Answer 38

ACTH

Question 39

Inhibits glycolysis It decreases entry of glucose into the cell Anterior pituitary hormone

Answer 39

Growth hormone

Question 40

Promotes intestinal absorption of glucose Produced by the thyroid

Answer 40

Thyroxine

Question 41

Promotes gluconeogenesis and lipolysis They decrease intestinal entry of glucose into the cell Produced by the adrenal cortex (zona fasciculata)

Answer 41

Cortisol

Question 42

Promotes glycogenolysis and lipolysis Produced by the adrenal medulla

Answer 42

Epinephrine