ABO & Rh Forward And Reverse Typing

Question 1

Is defined using known sources of reagent antisera (anti-A, anti-B) to detect antigens on an individual’s red cells.

Answer 1

FORWARD GROUPING

Question 2

Is defined as using reagent cells with known A and B antigens to test the patient’s serum for ABO group antibodies.

Answer 2

REVERSE GROUPING

Question 3

ABO antibodies are generally

Answer 3

IgM

Question 4

are cold-reacting antibodies that bind complement and do not cross the placenta.

Answer 4

IgM antibodies

Question 5

individuals that has been reported to be a mixture of IgG and IgM, or IgG, IgM, and IgA.

Answer 5

Anti-A, B from group-ZO

Question 6

crosses the placenta more frequently than anti-A or anti-B, confirming the presence of IgG.

Answer 6

Anti-A, B

Question 7

It traverses the placental barrier more readily than naturally occurring anti-A and anti-B and is often involved in ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn.

Answer 7

Anti-C

Question 8

ABO antibodies are detectable

Answer 8

3 to 6 months after birth

Question 9

A and B antigens form

Answer 9

in the 37th day of fetal development

Question 10

Antigens under ABO are found on the

Answer 10

RBC membrane

Question 11

Antibodies are found in the

Answer 11

plasma

Question 12

RECIPROCAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ABO ANTIGENS AND ANTIBODIES

Question 13

Methods Used in ABO Grouping

Answer 13

1. SLIDE METHOD
2. TUBE METHOD

Question 14

Detects the A or B antigens on red cells using the principle of agglutination

Answer 14

SLIDE METHOD

Question 15

This procedure is called DIRECT OR FORWARD GROUPING and is accomplished by combining cells with a known antiserum and observing for agglutination

Answer 15

SLIDE METHOD

Question 16

Slide method specimen

Answer 16

WB collected from pricking or from EDTA tube

Question 17

Slide method Reagent

Answer 17

Typing Sera
⚜Anti-A (Blue; Trypan blue dye)
⚜Anti-B (Yellow; Acriflavin yellow)
⚜Anti-D (White)

Question 18

Slide method Antisera must be

Answer 18

IgM, Highly specific, and Monoclonal

Question 19

SLIDE METHOD

Unknown
Known

Answer 19

Unknown: Red Cell Suspension
Known: Antiserum

Question 20

To know is there are ANTIGENS PRESENT

Answer 20

SLIDE METHOD

Question 21

Is a more sensitive and reliable method of determining a patient’s blood group than slide testing.

Answer 21

TUBE METHOD

Question 22

Widely used in blood banks and clinical laboratories consists of direct or forward grouping which identifies the antigens on the cells and confirmatory or REVERSE GROUPING which identifies the blood antibodies in the serum.

Answer 22

TUBE METHOD

Question 23

TUBE METHOD

Reagent:
Specimen:

Answer 23

Reagent: Reagent Red Cells - from a human source (4-5%)
Specimen: patient serum

Question 24

TUBE METHOD

Unknown:
Known:

Answer 24

Unknown: Serum or Plasma
Known: Red Cell Suspension

Answer 25

To know if there are ANTIBODIES PRESENT

Question 26

Universal RBC Donor:

Answer 26

Type O

Question 27

Universal RBC Recipient

Answer 27

Type AB

Question 28

Universal Plasma Donor:

Answer 28

Type AB

Question 29

Universal Plasma Recipient:

Answer 29

Type O

Question 30

Most Dangerous ABO transfusion:

Answer 30

Type A blood to Type O recipient