Onlines Flashcards
(301 cards)
1
Q
2 episodes of TIA what M
A
warfarin
2
Q
early stroke symptoms
A
altepase
3
Q
what Ix for golden crust on face
A
swab
4
Q
toe lesions between web spaces
A
skin scrapes
5
Q
treatment for wet macular degeneration
A
VEGF
6
Q
M of acute angle closure glaucoma
A
acetazolamide
7
Q
adjuvant in someone taking morphine, still have neuropathic pain
A
gabapentin
8
Q
respiratory arrest after opiates
A
naloxone 4mcg intervals? or 400mcg
9
Q
long acting diabetes agent, uptake in liver and muscle
A
insulatard
10
Q
what activates MPK protein
A
metformin
11
Q
alpha glucosiradase
A
acarbose
12
Q
vault prolapse in a patient with no uterus
A
sacrospinous fixation
13
Q
what nerve affected in right lateral gaze
A
CN 6 right
14
Q
child with chronic stridor worse on sleeping, relieved by crying
A
flexible laryngoscope
15
Q
stridor, high fever, ?croup
A
oral steroids
16
Q
child open airway but not breathing
A
5 rescue breaths
17
Q
child collapsed, someone has gone for help, what next?
A
check for breathing
18
Q
child choking but alert
A
5 back blow
19
Q
mode of action cyclizine
A
piperazine derivative with histamine H1-receptor antagonist
20
Q
mode of action of ondansteron
A
5HT3 antagonist
21
Q
mode of action of naloxone
A
opiod mu receptor antagonist, competitive inhibitor?
22
Q
indirect inguinal hernia
A
lateral and inferior to the epigastric artery
23
Q
psychological approach to helping someones thinking
A
CBT
24
Q
drug that causes ankle swelling
A
nifedipine, amlodipine (ca channel blockers)
25
drug that causes iron deficiency anaemia
aspirin (NSAIDs)
26
drug causes abdominal bloating and constipation
co-codamol
27
patient with mitral stenosis on echo, mid-diastolic murmur also with ECG in AF
causes cerebral embolus or LVH
28
weakness in palmar and lumbrical muscles, intrinsic muscle wasting, altered sensation in the forearm
T1 lesion
29
patient has renal impairment and leucopenia, thrombocytopenia - drug causing it?
ritiximub or cyclophosphamide
30
patient had gout and drug given now all joints are sore, what drug has interacted
azathioprine
31
management of actinic keratoses
imiquimod
32
problems with clozapine
weight gain and increased salivation
33
patient has hyphaemia in eye at cornea
iritis
34
child with ingested bits in stool
toddlers diarrhoea
35
child with neck stiffness and purpuric rash
neisseria meningitides
36
old lady with neck stiffness gram positive cocci
strep pneumoniae
37
HIV man has retinal changes , what infection
CMV
38
common cause of blindness worldwide
chlyamdia
39
contact lense wearer, 3/7 pain, blurred vision and mucopurulent discharge
adenovirus
40
candidiasis from steroids treatment
nystatin
41
patient with bowl changes and erythema nodosum
IBD
42
man with bowel habit change and previous painful sigmoidoscopy
barium enema
43
woman with chrons now has iron deficiency anaemia
upper GI endoscope and duodenal biopsies
44
what is doctrine of double effect
something morally good may have a morally bad side effect
45
woman having vaginal bleeding
TV USS
46
woman with TV USS endometrial thickening of 11mm
biopsy
47
woman with bleeding and tamoxifen use
hysteroscopy and biopsy
48
drug given during birth of anterior shoulder
syntometrine
49
drug given in those with a low bishop score
intravaginal prostaglandins
50
what drug increases CK and muscle pain
statin
51
patient with multiple myeloma on thyroxine
hypercalcaemia
52
woman feeling dragging sensation, 2 parts of rectum felt
mucosal rectal prolapse
53
patient with dragging sensation now has bowel loops prolapsed
enterocoele
54
anaphylaxis dose of adrenaline
0.5 of 1 in 1000
55
treatment of trigeminal neuralgia
carbamazepine
56
surfers ear
exostoses
57
optic defect in left occipital lobe stroke
right homonymous superior quadrantanopia
58
optic defect in pituitary tumour
bitemporal hemianopia
59
defect in left optic neuritis
left central scotoma
60
second degree perineal tear
midwife
61
weight loss, apthous ulcers and blood diarrhoea
UC
62
alcoholic unable to remember things
Korsakoffs
63
wrist drop
radial nerve palsy
64
what drug interacts with azathioprine to give low WCC and platelets
allopurinol
65
main in pain no cremasteric reflex
torsion
66
swollen testes but can be felt
epididymal cyst
67
swollen testicle, can't get above it, smaller in mornings
inguinal hernia
68
ulcers on vagina
herpes simplex
69
gram negative diplococci
gonorrhoea
70
protozoa STI
trichomonas
71
ECG j waves
hypothermia
72
man with MI what investigations
ECG and troponin
73
man with pericarditis post MI what investigation
Echo
74
ECG of someone with 20 year history of autonomic neuropathy
bradycardia/T1HB
75
woman with angina pain, history of OA what Ix
myocardial perfusion scan
76
ECG changes in COPD
prominent p wave in leads 2, 3, right shift of QRS axis, poor progression of r wave
77
hypothermia ABG result
mixed metabolic and respiratory acidosis
78
test for vasovagal syncope
tilt test
79
test for cardiac syncope
ECG
80
test for carotid sinus syncope
carotid sinus massages
81
test for orthostatic syncope
lying and standing BP
82
what is tilt table test for
orthostatic hypotension
83
falls when shaving gave
carotid sinus massage
84
collapse after eating meals
tilt test for vasovagal syncope
85
ECG sign of hypercalcaemia
u wave
86
swollen ankles resistant to diuretics
pelvic cancer or HF
87
mode of action doxazosin
alpha 1 blocker used to treat HTN and urinary retention associated with BPH
88
allopurinol and azathioprine react to cause
pancytopenia
89
patient takes drug and has cardiac arrhythmias
amphetimines
90
old man with jaundice, nausea and decrease appetite
cancer of pancreas head
91
hyoscine hydro
travel sickness
92
hyoscine butyl bromide
cramps
93
cyclizine
anti histamine
94
domperidone/prochlorperazine
anti-dopamine
95
source of salmonella
uncooked poultry
96
source of b.cereus
rice
97
crohns mouth issues
aphthous ulcers, aphthous stomatitis, angular cheilitis
98
ix of appendicitis
clinical diagnosis
99
Ix of AAA
USS, ct
100
how much water is reabsorbed in the small intestine
90%
101
MUST score
BMI 18-20 = 1 point
BMI <18 = 2 points
unplanned weight loss in 3-6 months; 5-10% = 1 point, >10% = 2 points
acutely ill/no food for >5days = 2 points
low risk = 0, medium = 1, high risk = 2+
102
treatment of ascites
spironolactone
103
femoral hernia
inferior, lateral to pubic tubercle
104
inguinal hernia
medial to pubic tubercle
105
direct inguinal
medial
106
indirect inguinal
lateral
107
diarrhoea in AIDS/HIV
cryptosporidium
108
pseudopolyps colon
UC
109
appearance/cause of pseudomembranous colitis
yellow white plaques following Abx
110
thumb printing at the splenic flexure
ischaemic colitis
111
painful yellow ulcer with red halo
aphthous ulcer
112
painless yellow ulcer with red halo
mouth cancer
113
spidery web white pattern
drug induced lichenoid patch
114
gastric resection and unsteady on feet
B12 deficiency (loss of IF)
115
painless rolled ulcer
mouth cancer
116
white spidery lesion on mouth mucosa
lichenoid planes
117
christmas disease
haemophilia B, factory deficiency
118
woman with darker buccal mucosa and biochem
addison's
119
meds causing hypos
sulphonyureas
120
meds causing weight gain
sulphonyureas, thiazos
121
meds causing oedema
thiozoldinediones
122
meds causing wind
acarbose
123
prolactin is inhibited by
dopamine
124
hot thyroid scan
toxic adenoma
125
cold nodule on thyroid scan
carcinoma or cyst
126
first ix for thyroid nodule
USS + FNA
127
anti histone Abs
drug induced lupus
128
precocious puberty and bone pain
McCure Albright syndrome
129
SLE treatment
hydroxychloroquine
130
pelvic fracture
perineal swelling and bruising with blood in the urinary meatus
131
anterior thigh nerve
femoral
132
posterior thigh nerve
sciatic
133
medial thigh
obturator
134
anterior leg
deep fib
135
lateral leg
superficial fib
136
posterior leg
tibial
137
Fitz Hugh Curtis syndrome
Chlamydia (PID) ceasing liver capsule inflammation and adhesion
138
cervical cancer classification
FIGO
139
prostate cancer classification
Gleason
140
Colon cancer staging
Dukes
141
Lymphoma staging
Ann Arbour
142
incidence
no of new cases per year
143
prevalence
no of affected individuals at a certain time
144
what spinal tract is the first to be damaged in diabetic neuropathy
dorsal column
145
caltskin
type of cholangiocarcinoma
146
intramedullary metaphysical tumour, at the growth plate
enchondroma
147
nidus of immature bone with intense sclerotic halo, constant pain, worse at night. relieved by NSAIDS
osteoid osteoma.
148
Brodies abscess
subacture osteomyelitis, lytic lesion on XR
149
common mets to bone
breast, prostate, renal
150
ewings sarcoma
associated with fever, raised inflammatory markers. malignant tumour of primative marrow cells
151
brittle bone disease
osteogenesis imperfecta, defect of type 1 collagen
| short stature, fractures, blue sclerae and loss of hearing.
152
most common cause of kids joint pain
transient synovitis
153
trigger finger
tendonitis of a flexor tendon to a digit, the A1 pulley
154
injury risk shoulder dislocation
axillary artery, axillary nerve
155
humeral shaft injury risk
radial nerve, brachial artery
156
endometrial biopsy cut offs
premenopausal - 16mm ?12mm
| postmenopausal - 4mm
157
Warfarin management: major bleed
stop warfarin, give IV fit K 5mg, prothrombin complex/FFP
158
warfarin management INR >8, minor bleeding
stop warfarin, give IV fit K 1-3mg, if INR still high after 24h repeat dose restart warfarin when INR <5
159
INR >8 no bleeding
stop warfarin, give 1-5mg fit K by mouth, repeat if still high after 24h
160
INR 5-8 minor bleeding
stop warfarin, give IV vit K 1-3mg, restart when INR <5
161
INR 5-8 no bleeding
withhold 1/2 doses of warfarin, reduce subsequent doses
162
dobutamine
beta1-agonist
163
beta-blockers
beta1 antagonist
164
Ropinirole
dopamine agonist
165
GABA agonist
benzos, baclofen
166
GABA antagonists
Flumazenil
167
nicotinic agonists
nicotine, depolarising muscle relaxant (suxa)
168
what are triptans
serotonin agonists used in headache
169
5 w's of post op pyrexia in timeline order
```
day 1 : wind - atelectasis
day 3 : water UTI
day 5 - Wound
day 7 - walking
Anytime: wonder drugs
```
170
pagets bone biochem
normal Ca and PO4, raised ALP
171
osteomalacia bone chem
low calcium, low phosphate, high ALP
172
bone mets, bone chemistry
high calcium, low PTH, high ALP
173
primary hyperparathyroidism bone chemistry
high PT, high calcium, low phosphate
174
secondary hyperparathyroidism
high PT, low calcium, low phosphate
175
tertiary hyperparathyroid bone chemistry
high calcium, high PTH, low phosphate
176
which diabetic drug is weight neutral
DPP4 inhibitors
177
which hormone for pregnancy
bHCG
178
which hormone peaks before ovulation
LH
179
which hormone for fertility
progesterone
180
what is the pars nervosa
posterior lobe of pituitary, oxytocin and vasopressin
181
proclatin is inhibited by
dopamine
182
healthy start vitamins
6m-5 years, Fit d supplement
183
blood results for Hashimotos
high TSh and TPO abs
184
reduced iodine uptake and recent febrile illness
post viral thyroid
185
what is the cause of polyuria in diabetes
osmotic effect of glucose
186
non-functioning pituitary tumour PC
panhypopopituritariam and bitemporal hemianopia
187
orphan annie nuclei
papillary thyroid ca
188
Churg strauss
asthma, vasculitis, ENT issues, pANCA
189
Wegners (GPA)
cANCA, vasculitis, epistaxis, conductive hearing loss
190
glomerulonephritis in RA
amyloidosis
191
biceps reflex
c5
192
knee reflex
l4
193
ankle reflex
s1
194
patient with tongue deviation, which side is affected
12, ipsilateral
195
tremor better with alcohol, M?
BET, propranolol or pamidronate
196
woman with kids, N+V sudden onset dizziness lasting 2 weeks
acute labryrinithitis
197
woman with kids, weakness in face, vertigo, previous weakness
MS
198
guy in chair, dizzy getting up
autonomic
199
supinator reflex
C6
200
triceps reflex
C7
201
pain on eating and shaving
trigeminal neuralgia
202
cluster headache
migrainous neuralgia
203
supratentoral haemorrhage, on warfarin INR 3.3, given vitamin K what is the next best thing?
?
204
stroke in MCA territory, classic presentation, painful neck, corners
carotid dissection
205
early opiod toxicity
hallucination and drowsiness
206
neurotransmitter defect in parkinsons
low dopamine
207
neurotransmitter in Alzheimers
low 5-hyroxytryptamine
208
compartment syndrome of extensor lower leg, what will be affected
deep fibular nerve
209
which neurotransmitter effected in myasthenia
ACh
210
test for PMR with GCA
plasma viscosity
211
femoral nerve weakens which muscles
quadriceps
212
Ix for prolapsed disc
MRI
213
ix when patient has suspected SAH and normal CT
LP
214
headache after sex
benign coital cephalgia
215
sensory loss over anterior thigh, weak quads, reduced knee reflex, positive femoral stretch test
L3 + L4 nerve compression
216
sensory loss, dorm of foot, weakness in foot and big toe dorsiflexion, reflexes intact positive sciatic stretch test
L5 nerve root compression
217
role of psychiatrist
diagnosis of LD/autism, diagnose and treat mental illness, advice and contribute to management of challenging behaviour, use of MHA and AWI, advocacy
218
role of LD nurse
not the same as MHN or CPN, training only in LD
219
clozapine SE'S
agranulocytosis, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, weight gain
220
olanzipine SE
weight gain
221
typical Anti-psychs
EPSE
222
ECG change in haloperidol
rosales de pointes
223
ECG change in anorexia
prolonged QT
224
chlorpromazine SE
photosensitivity
225
SSRI in the elderly can cause
hyponatraemia
226
long term SE of lithium
renal problems, hypothyroid
227
neurotransmitter: Schizophrenia
dopamine
228
neurotransmitter: Depression
serotonin
229
neurotransmitter: Anxiety
GABA, serotonin, noradrenaline
230
neurotransmitter: Anorexia
serotonin
231
patient on olanzapine and develops dry mouth what receptor responsible
ACh
232
PTSD first line treatment
Eye movement desnsitiation
233
paroxysmal hemi crania
old women, 1-40x day, M: indomethacin
234
drugs for diabetics with psychosis
typicals, because atypical cause metabolic syndrome
235
which neurotransmitter causes sedation
histamine
236
dusky colon
infarction
237
too painful to examine rectum what ix
examination under anaesthesia
238
nutcracker oesophagus
denotes distal peristaltic contractions
239
first line M for BPH
alpha blocker - tamsulosin
240
woman with intermittent haematuria
cystoscopy
241
M of acute angle glaucoma
IV aceteazolamide
242
M of bacterial conjunctivitis
swab and chloramphenicol
243
M of anterior uvietitis
topical steroids
244
unresponsive bacterial conjunctivitis
chlamydial
245
contact lenses with red eyes
bacterial keratitis/corneal ulcer
246
back pain and red eye
anterior uveitis
247
mid dilated pupil and red eye
AACG
248
contact lens wearer, pain and decreased acuity
corneal ulcer
249
Ix for farmer with cat, recurrent rhinitis
RASST
250
vertigo, seconds to minutes? diagnosis and management
BPPV.
Ix- Dix-hallpike
M: Epley
251
diver with otitis external what organism
aspergillus niger
252
trauma then blocked nose
septal haematoma
253
man with sternal pain and multiple lytic lesions what ix?
protein electrophorises, looking for BJPs = myeloma
254
reactivation of latent TB
TNF alpha inhibitors
255
DMARD causing inssteristial pneuominitis
methotrexate
256
Rheumatoid drugs that are nephrotoxic
gold, penicillamine
257
DMARD interactions
Trimethoprim and methotrexate
258
SE: Methotrexate
myelosuppression, cirrhosis, pneumonitis
259
SE: Sulfalazine
rashes, oligospermia, Heinz body anaemia
260
SE: pred
cushingoid, osteoporosis, HTN, cataracts
261
SE: Gold
proteinuria
262
SE: Penicillamine
proteinuria, reactivation of TB
263
SE: Inflixamab
reactivation of TB
264
extra capsular hip #
DHS
265
intracapsular + elderly
Hemi
266
intracapsular, young, displaced
THR
267
intracapsular, young, undisplaced
DHS/cannulated screws
268
femoral # in child
traction
269
femoral # in child under 1
gallows traction
270
patient unable to initiate shoulder abduction
rotator cuff injury
271
best test for treatment of overdose
coag
272
amiodarone dose in emergency
300mcg
273
atropine dose in brady
500mcg
274
in cpr how long should you exhale in the rescue breaths
3 seconds
275
next step: mild dyskariosis on smear
colposcopy within 8 weeks
276
next step: severe dyskarisosis
colposcopy within 4 weeks
277
neonate born agitated
alcohol dependence
278
neonate born quiet and inactive
opiates?
279
single palmar crease
downs
280
test to detect white coat HTN
24h ambulatory BP monitoring
281
patient in an accident, no permission to treat, what law do we treat under
common law
282
csf gram +ve cocci in patient with splenectomy
pneumococcal meningitis
283
herald patch
pityriasis rosea
284
hyperkeratosis and Munro abscesses
psoriasis
285
woman with patch for most of her life
lentigo malinga
286
exclamation mark hair
alopecia areata
287
build up of what in PCT
urophorphinogen
288
what is Myasthenia Gravis and ix
anti-Ach receptors, nerve conduction study + stimulation
289
breast tumour marker
CA15-3
290
chondrosarcoma
popcorn or cotton wool calcification
291
Paranoid schizophrenia
predominant bizarre delusions with some passivity
292
hebenephric schizophrenia
affective symptoms causing childish behaviour and prominent thought disorder
293
Catatonic schizophrenia
predominant motor abnormalities including postural and waxy flexibility
294
simple schizophrenia
social withdrawal, odd behaviour and emotional blunting without hallucinations
295
treatment for CMV retinitis
ganciclovir
296
vertebral level of bifurcation aorta
L3-4
297
describe the semi lunar valves
right left and posterior cusps
298
what causes respiratory acidosis
pneumonia, asthma
299
respiratory alkalosis causes
anxiety, aspirin poisoning
300
metabolic acidosis
DKA lactic acidosis, alcohol
301
metabolic alkalosis
vomiting, diarrhoea
