op zoo 1 Flashcards

Question

25.Which of the following animal has a clitellum? (A) Millipede (B) Centipede (C) Earthworm (D) Ringworm

Answer 1

(C) (SSC Mat.Level 2006) Exp: Earthworm has a clitellum. Earthworm belongs to phylum Annelida. Clitellum is a part of reproductive system, which function to store the eggs of worms.

Answer 2

(B) (SSC SO Exam 2006) Exp: Language used in writing the scientific name of animal is Latin. This is the language which can be understood in the whole world. This system of naming the organism is known as Binomial nomenclature, and theory was given by Carolus linnaeus.

Answer 3

(D) (SSC Tax Asst. 2006) Exp: Python is a non-poisonous or non-venomous snake. Python is example of family-phythonidae and phylumchordata. Python kill its prey by asphyxiation i.e. choking the breath and swallowing prey completely.

Answer 4

(C) (SSC Metric Level 2006) Exp: Swim bladder or air bladder are present in fishes which helps them not to swim in water & stay at one place. Air bladder helps to expel the extra water. This is an important features of osteichthyes fishes.

Answer 5

(A) (SSC Metric Level 2006) Exp: Homo sapiens sapiens is the scientific name of man which literally mean 'man-the wise'. Man is the most advanced animal on the earth belongs to the phylum Mammalia.

Answer 6

(D) (SSC SI 2005) Exp: Blue whale is the largest & heaviest aquatic mammal present on the earth. It can weigh 190 tons. Being the largest animal they give birth to biggest baby. Scientific name of whale- Balaenoptera musculus. Blue whale is in the endangered list of IUCN.

Answer 7

(D) (SSC SO 2005) Exp: Bat uses sounds as its 'Eyes'. Bats has echolocation system by which they compare the outgoing pulse with the returning echoes and make the image of surrounding in the darkness.

Answer 8

(B) (SSC SO 2005, SSC CGL 1999) Exp: Ostrich is the largest and tallest living bird of genus Struthio. Common ostrich was originally described by Carolus Linnaeus in his book 'systema naturae'. Ostrich is the largest flightless bird which can run at a speed of 70-80 km/hr.

Answer 9

(C) (SSC SO 2003) Exp: In male sharks, claspers are found attached to pelvic fin. Claspers are the external appendages which helps in ejection of sperms during internal fertilization.

Answer 10

(A) (SSC (10+2) 2012) Exp: Odontology is the branch of science which deals with the study of teeth. It also helps in diagnosis, prevention and treatment of disease.

Answer 11

(B) (SSC (10+2) DEO & LDC 2010) Exp: Archaeopteryx is the largest and oldest known fossil of the bird. Archaeopteryx lived in Jurrasic Period. i.e. 150 m years ago. This is the reason that this bird is regarded as a connecting link between feathered dinosaurs and birds. Although some of the characters common to reptiles are clawed wings, teeth on jaw and tail.

Answer 12

(C) (SSC CGL 2011, 2004) Exp: 'Darwin finches' refers to a group of birds Darwin studied the finches of 14 birds on the Galapagos island to show that how the organisms evolved themselves towards their environment.

Answer 13

"(D) (SSC CPO 2003) Exp: Theory of evolution was put forwarded by Charles Darwin in 1859. Darwin is known as the ""Father of Evolution""."

Answer 14

(C) (SSC CPO SI 2006) Exp: 'Survival of the fittest' concept was first advocated by a British philosopher Herbert Spencer in his book 'Principle of Biology' (1864).

Answer 15

(D) (SSC CGL 2007) Exp: Palaeontology is the scientific study of extinct animals. These are the fossils of dead animals and plants burried under the earth's surface million years ago. It helps in the study of evolution and their relation with other organisms and environment.

Answer 16

(D) (SSC CGL 2008) Exp: Dinosaur were huge bodied reptiles that became extinct. They lived between 230 and 65 mn years ago in Jurrasic period of mesozoic. There are many theories regarding the extinction of Dinosaurs, i.e, ice age, huge body size, unavailability of food.

Answer 17

(B) (SSC CPO SI 2008) Exp: In Ambhibians the deoxygenated and oxygenated blood get mixed. Amphibians and lung fishes have 3- chambered heart i.e, 2 Auricles and a ventricle, right atrium receives the deoxygenated blood and left atrium receives oxygenated blood. But both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood get mixed in single ventricle.

Answer 18

(A) (SSC CGL 2010) Exp: Animals living in the tree trunks are known as arboreal. Arboreal animals display a wide variety of characteristic features including the flexible body, Clawed feet with huge claws and the tail which helps them to hang.

Answer 19

(D) (SSC CGL 2011) Exp: Bats or Dolphin used to find prey, predators or obstacles by the phenomenon of Echolocation. These are the sound produce by bat & Dolphin. The waves bounce off by object return to the animal as echos. This phenomena is also called as Sonar.

Answer 20

(D) (SSC Combined Matric Level 1999) Exp: Eyes are absent in Earthworm. Earthworms are the segmented worms belongs to phylum Annelids. They are hermaphrodite i.e., carries both male and female sex organs in single organism.

Answer 21

(D) (SSC Combined Martic Level 1999) Exp: Inheritance of Acquired characters is not the part of Darwin's theory of evolution. This theory was given by J.B. Lamarck. It is also known as 'Use and disuse' of organs theory.

Answer 22

(B) (SSC Combined Matric Level 2006) Exp: Star fish is not the true fish. Starfish is an example of phylum- Echindermata i.e., spiny skinned animals. They have water-driven tube system which is used for locomotion, capture and transport of food.

Answer 23

(C) (SSC CHSL 2012) Exp: Sponge is an animal. Sponge is a common name of the phylum Porifera. Body has the minute pores called ostia through which water enters into a central cavity, spongocoel. These organism are non-motile and attached to substratum.

Answer 24

(C)Exp: Ichthyophis is a tongue less, limbless amphibi It is a native of southeast Asia and Philippines. They are also called as Asian Caecili

Answer 25

(A) (SSC MTS 2013) Exp: Insecta or Arthropoda is the largest phylum of animal kingdom. Important characteristics include the 3 pairs of legs, a pair of wing and a pair of antenna. The body is segmented into three parts i.e. Head, thorax and abdomen. Insecta, crustaceans and arachnids are members of phylum Arthropoda.

Answer 26

(B) (SSC CGL 2013) Exp: The scientific study of Insects is called as entomology. Insecta is a category belongs to phylum Arthropoda. It has the largest number of species

Answer 27

(C) (SSC MTS 2014) Exp: Taenia solium is a tapeworm belong to Phylum Platyhelminthes. The common name of Taenia is flatworm or ribbon worm or tapeworm. It is hermaphrodite and complete their life cycle in human as primary host and secondary host is pig.

Answer 28

(D) (SSC MTS (Non.Tech) 2014) Exp: Clitellum is found in Earthworm. Clitellum is a part of reproductive structure, it helps in storage of eggs. It is present in anterior part of the body & covers the segment 14,15 and 16.

Answer 29

(C) (SSC CAPFs SI, CISF ASI & Delhi 2014) Exp: External ear or pinna is the characteristic feature of mammals. It helps to gather the sound.

Answer 30

(B) (SSC CGL 2014) Exp: Duck-Billed platypus and Echnida are the organisms belongs to phylum mammals. Despite being mammals these two organism lay eggs. They are also termed as monotremes.

Answer 31

(A) (SSC CHSL 2014) Exp: Five Kingdom classification was proposed by R.H. Whittaker. Whittaker classified the organism on the basis of their cell structure, mode of nutrition and division of labour, Organisms were divided into Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae & Animalia.

Answer 32

(*) ` (SSC CHSL 2014) Exp: International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) was established in 18 September 1895. ICZN publish the zoological or scientific name of the animals.

Answer 33

(C) (SSC CHSL 2014) Exp: Carolus Linnaeus system of classification known as Binomial nomenclature. In binomial system organism is named by the genus and species. He published the book 'Systema Naturae' for the classification of organism, Carolus Linnaeus is known as the 'Father of Taxonomy'.

Answer 34

(B) (SSC CGL 2014) Exp: Myrmecology is the branch of entomology that deals with the ants. Ants belongs to the family Formicidae, order Hymenoptera.

Answer 35

(C) (SSC CAPFs SI, CISF ASI & Delhi Police SI 2015) Exp: The word amphibian refers to double life or life in water and land both. At the larval state the organism start their life cycle in water and in adult age spend the life on land. Eg. Frog, Toads, Salamander.

Answer 36

(D) (SSC CAPFs SI, CISF ASI & Delhi Police SI 2015) Exp: Wings of birds and insects are analogous org Analogous organs are those who have the different structural and embryological origin but perform the same function.

Answer 37

(B) (SSC CGL 2015) Exp: Sea hare belongs to phylum Mollusca. They are soft bodied organisms covered with a protein shell. Scientific name of hare is Aplysia californica.

Answer 38

(C) (SSC CGL 2015) Exp: Myxine, a hagfish is a jawless animal. Hagfish belongs to class- cyclostoma of phylum chordata. Hagfish are slime secreting marine fishes. Slime helps in easy movement from water to land.

Answer 39

(A) (SSC CGL 2015) Exp: Euglena is an unicellular, aquatic organism possesses characteristics of both plants and animal. Euglena has the chloroplast in its body which is a plant character and the movement of Euglena with the help of flagella is an animal character.

Answer 40

(B) (SSC CPO SI 2016) Exp: The scientific name of German cockroach is Blattela germanica. The term Blattaria origins from the latin word 'blatta' which means Cockroach. Cockroaches are generally insects of the darkness. They are negatively phototactic.

Answer 41

(A) (SSC MTS 2017) Exp: Locomotory organs of starfish are tube feet. These tube also works as a water driven mechanism and helps in respiration & Excretion.

Answer 42

(C) Exp: Fish is an aquatic animal belongs to chordate phylum. Study of fish is called pisciculture or fish foaming. Salmon is a typical fish which lay egg outside the sea.

Answer 43

(D) Exp:Mammals are those animals which have mammary gland and are viviparous but Platypus lay eggs and is found in Australia.

Answer 44

(B) Exp: Charles Darwin was a geologist, naturalist who proposed the theory in his book the 'origin of species'.

Answer 45

(B) Exp: Tortoise has maximum life span. Tortoise can live upto 250 years.

Answer 46

(B) Exp:Red data book is a type of public document which is created for the recordings of rare and endangered species include animal, plant and fungi as well as local subspecies. It is published by IUCN (Internation Union for conservation of Nature).

Answer 47

(D) Exp: Paleontology origin from Greek word paleon mean old, ancient, logy study. Paleontology is the study of fossils.

Answer 48

(B) Exp: Sea- anemone belongs to the phylum cnidaria. The word Cnidaria is derived from cnidoblasts present of tentacles.

Answer 49

(A) Exp: Amoeba belongs to phylum Protozoa. Amoeba is a single-called organism which can alter its shape during the movement with the help of pseudopodia.

Answer 50

(C) Exp: Sponges belongs to phylum porifera. Porifera includes organisms with the minute holes present on whole body. Organisms are marine and asymmetrical animals, Porifera are hermaphrodite i.e. eggs and sperms are produced by the same individual.

Answer 51

(D) Exp: Spiders belongs to the phylum Arthropoda. Arthropoda means organism with the jointed legs. Arthropoda is divided into 3 categories Insects, arachnids and crustace Spiders, Mites, ticks belongs to the Arachnids.

Answer 52

(A) Exp: Octopus belongs to the phylum mollusca. Mollusca are the soft-bodied animals and some are covered with the shells for protection. Octopus shows the highest regeneration power.

Answer 53

(A) Exp: Prawn belongs to the category Crustaceans of phylum Arthropoda. This organism breathe through gills and they have 2 pairs of antennae.

Answer 54

(D) Exp: Crabs belongs to the category crustaceans of phylum Arthropoda. The body of Arthropoda is covered with chitinuous and is segmented into three parts Head, Thorax and Abdomen.

Answer 55

(D) Exp: Cuttle fish is described as phylum-Mollusca. In the hierarchy of classification organisms are classified in the sequence of - Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species. This is also termed as taxonomic rank.

Answer 56

(D) Exp: Vertebrates belongs to phylum Chordata. The word vertebrates means the organisms with the vertebral column. Chordata are the organisms which have the notochord at the adult stage.

Answer 57

(B) Exp: Malaria is caused by the parasites of plasmodium genus. Malaria is a disease transmitted by an infected female Anopheles mosquito. The infected stage of malaria is sporozoite.

Answer 58

(D) Exp: Oysters belongs to the phylum Mollusca. These organism are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblostic, coelomate animals with a little segmentation. Body is covered with calcareous shell

Answer 59

(A) Exp: Human beings belongs to omnivores category of the ecosystem. Omnivores are those organisms who consume both green plant and flesh for their food.

Answer 60

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Aristotle separated the biology branch from natural sceience and is called as father of biology. Aristotle explained 500 animal species in his book 'Historia Animalium'.

Answer 61

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Class amphibia belongs to the phylum vertebrata. Amphibian are those organism who complete their life on both land and water. Sea horse is aquatic animal belong to class pisces.

Answer 62

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Spiny dogfish is an aquatic animals belongs to family of sharks.

Answer 63

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Tiger (Panthera tigris) is an organism belongs to class mammalia and phylum chordata.

Answer 64

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Snakes, turtle, lizards and crocodiles belongs to the class- reptilia and phylum chordata. Reptiles are tetrapod animal three chambered heart.

Answer 65

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: The scientific name of human being is Homo Sapiens. Under the binomial nomenclature the organisms are named by their genus and species to which they belong.

Answer 66

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: The annelids also known as the ringed worms or segmented worms. Phylum annelids have 17,000 species including ringworms, earthworms and leeches.

Answer 67

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Blue sulphur whale is the largest and heaviest mammal present on earth. Whale range in size from 8.5 to 98 ft and 190 metric tons weight.

Answer 68

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Annelida are ringed worms or segmented worm. The phylum includes the earthworm (Pheretima) Nereis and Hirudinaria (leech) these are ectoparasitic organism and some of them are hermaphrodite.

Answer 69

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Bilaterally symmetrical organism get divide into two equal right and left halves, when cut from centre. Annelids and arthropoda are bilaterally symmetrical organism.

Answer 70

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Phylum chordate have important characteristic features as- • Notochord present at the early stage • Pharyngeal gill slits • A post anal pail

Answer 71

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Mollusca or soft bodied animals are the second largest phylum of animal kingdom. Mollusca have approximately 90,000 species. Mollusca is largest marine phylum.

Answer 72

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Symmetry of an organism in animal kingdom is of two types; Radial and Bilaterally symmetrical. In radial symmetry the organism is divided into two equal halves when it is cut from any plane. Coelenterates, ctenophoras and Echinodermata have radial symmetry.

Answer 73

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Taenia (Tapeworm), Fasciola(Liver fluker) are examples of platyhelminthes. Platyhelminthes are flat worm unsegmented, soft bodied invertebrates. These organisms are hermaphrodite and some of the species are endoparasite and some are ectoparasite.

Answer 74

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Platyhelminthes are also called as flatworms. Platyhelminthes may be free-living or parasitic. Hooks and suckers are present in the parasitic form. Platyhelminthes have flame cells which helps in osmoregulation and excretion.

Answer 75

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Mammals are the class of vartebrata having vertebral coloumn and mammary gland as their characteristic features. Mammals are classified into three different categories; Primates (apes and monkeys), cetartiodactyla (whales) and carnivore (cats, dogs, seals).

Answer 76

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Mollusca are the soft bodied animals Mollusca is the largest phylum of animal kingdom and second largest marine phylum. The characteristic features of the Mollusca is presence of mantle and radula. Octopus is an example of Mollusca.

Answer 77

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Sycon, spongilla and euspongia are the example of phylum porifera. Poriferans are the aquatic organisms with the presence of pores or ostia.

Answer 78

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Specific types of tissues permforming specific function are joined together to form org This organ system level of organisation perform the specific function.

Answer 79

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: The embryonic layer of animals are categories into 2 types (A) Diploblasitc i.e., with two layer named as ectoderm and endoderm (B) Triploblastic i.e., with three layers named as ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm.

Answer 80

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: In the hierarchy of classification, organism are categorised by the taxon. Rank named as kingdom phylum, class, order, family, genus and species. Order is the assemblage of families which exhibit similar characters.

Answer 81

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: The absence of coelom or body cavity in animals is known as acoelomates.

Answer 82

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Biological names are classified under the binomial classification given by Carolus Linnaeus These names are in latin language with genera and specific epithet

Answer 83

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Polyps and Medusa are the two types of organisms belongs to phylum coelenterata. polyps are the sessile or sedentary organism while medusa is the freely floating organism. Hydra (polyps), Jelly fishes (medusa) are exmple of Coelenterata.

Answer 84

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: They possess a notochord, a hollow dorsal nerve cord and a post-anal tail. Mammals also belong to the phylum chordata.

Answer 85

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: The animals having a body derived from three embryonic cell layer like (ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm) are known as triploblastic animals. All higher and intermediates animals arise from a triploblastic blastula.

Answer 86

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Arthropoda is an invertebrate animal having an exoskeleton (external skeleton), a segmented body, and paired jointed appendages.

Answer 87

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: All coelenterates are aquatic, mostly marine. The body form is radially symmetrical. The body has a single opening, the hypostome, surrounded by sensory tentacles equipped with either nematocysts or colloblasts to capture mostly planktonic prey. Digestion is both intracellular and extracellular. Respiration and excretion are accomplished by simple diffusion.

Answer 88

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: The coelom is the main body cavity in most animals and is positioned inside the body to surround and contain the digestive tract and other org It is lined with mesodermal epithelium. A coelom can absorb shock and also support an immune system.

Answer 89

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Coelomates is not a phylum instead it is a feature of classifying animals on the basis of the coelom i.e. body cavity. Animals are distinguished into acoelomate, eucolomate and pseudocoelomate.

Answer 90

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Chordate phylum is the most complex and is at the highest apex of animal kingdom. Chordate are characterised by the presence of a notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord and paired pharyngeal gill slits.

Answer 91

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Classes comprising animals like fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds along with mammals belongs to the phylum chordate.

Answer 92

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Arthropoda is the largest phylum of the animal kingdom. It approximately have 7,50,000 species.

Answer 93

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Lion, leopard and tiger are all species of genuspanther, of family-Felidae.

Answer 94

(B) (SSC (10+2) 2011) Exp: Blubber is a thick layer of fat. Fat is stored in the adipose tissues which is a highly vascularised this makes the layer work as efficient thermal insulator in sharks and whales. It provide the buoyancy and streamline the body.

Answer 95

(D) (SSC MTS 2011) Exp: Nucleic acids is known as the immovable property in the cell. Nucleic acids comprises DNA or RNA that helps in transfer of genetic information from one generation to the next by the process of replication.

Answer 96

(B) (SSC (10+2) Nov. 2014) Exp: DNA (Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid) is a nucleic acid which is present in a cell. DNA is a double helical structure with the composition of Nitrogenous bases as A, T, G, C. DNA is a basic hereditary material present in all living organisms and helps in transfer of information.

Answer 97

(A) (SSC Steno. Sep. 2014) Exp: Hyperplasia is an abnormal increase in number of cells. Physiologically it is considered as the response to a specific stimuli. This increase the size of organ or tissue. It leads to the various disease like benign prostatic, congenital adrenal hyperplasia etc.

Answer 98

(A) (SSC CGL 2012) Exp: The basic structural and functional unit of living organism is called as cell which was discovered by Robert Hook in 1665. Every living organism present on earth is made of either single or multi cells. Cell theory was proposed by Schleiden and Schwann.

Answer 99

(C) (SSC DEO 2011) Exp: Nails, hoofs and horns are made up of keratin tissue. Keratin is a fibrous structural protein. It protects the outermost layer of organism from damage.

Answer 100

(D) (SSC Steno 2011) Exp: Lysosomes are called as the digestive bag present in the Eukaryotic cell. Lysosomes contains the digestive enzyme called as hydrolase, which helps in digesting the waste produced by cell. Lysosomes were discovered by Christian de Duve.

Answer 101

(D) (SSC(10+2) DEO & LOC 2010) Exp: Lysosomes are called as 'Atom bomb', 'House keeper', 'suicidal bags' and 'scavanger of cell' because of their hydrolysing activity. The pH of lysosome is more so they have acidic nature, when they burst in the cell in a large number that makes cell die.

Answer 102

(A) (SSC CPO 2005) Exp: The largest cell in the human body is nerve cell or neuron. Nerve cell makes the nervous system which comprises brain and spinal cord. Neurons helps in transmitting the signals from dendrite to nerve ending.

Answer 103

(D) (SSC MTS 2002) Exp: Lymphocyte cells produce antibodies, lymphocytes are the type of WBC generated from bone marrow. There are two kinds of lymphocytes i.e. B and T lymphocyte. B cells produces the antibodies and T- cells identify the antigens.

Answer 104

(C) (SSC (10+2). DEO & LOC 2008) Exp: Lymphocytes are responsible for the production of antibodies and controls the immunity system of organism. Lymphocytes travels in the lymphatic system which includes the lymph nodes, vessels and spleen.

Answer 105

(A) (SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2008, Matric Level 2002) Exp: Brain and spinal cord made up of neurons have the least regenerative power, human brain contains 86 bn neuron. Neurons are cells which transmit the electrochemical or neurotransmittor signals to brain.

Answer 106

(A) (SSC SO 2003) Exp: Bacterias bears the smallest living organism in the universe. They are unicellular and parasitic. Mycoplasma genitalium or PPLO (Pleuro pneumonia Like organism) are the smallest bacteria in the universe. The size of the mycoplasma varies from 200 to 300 nm.

Answer 107

(B) Exp: Cone cells are responsible for color blindness of human eyes. It is a genetic inherited (usually X-linked) disorder. Affected person can not differentiate red and green colors.

Answer 108

(B) (SSC CGL 2002) Exp: Stem cells are the basic units from which human spare parts can be created artificially. The foetus in the uterus developed from stem cells only, they differentiated into the specialized cell types such as skin, muscles bones etc

Answer 109

(C) (SSC CGL 2002) Exp: Adherent mucoid alkaline substance covering the inner lining of the stomach is to prevent the action of the pepsin of mucosa. The primary function of mucus gel is to create a stable pH level and acts as a protective physical barrier.

Answer 110

(C) (SSC Tax Asst. (Income tax & Central Excise) 2009) Exp: Necrosis is the death of cell tissue with in a living body. This is unprogrammed death of cells. It may cause by injury, infection, failure of blood supply, inflammation etc.

Answer 111

(B) (SSC CGL 2011) Exp: There is no cell division occur in the nerve & muscle after the birth. Cell division is a process by which the cell divides itself either by mitosis or meiosis process to increase its number.

Answer 112

(B) (SSC CPO SI 2011) Exp: Leukaemia or blood cancer is characterised by abnormal increase of the white blood cell. Leukaemia begin at the bone marrow, where the immature WBC increase abnormally. WBC helps in immunity but due to leukaemia the immunity power suppresses and person becomes more susceptible for infections.

Answer 113

(C) (SSC Combined Matric Level 2002) Exp: The biological death of a patient means the death of tissue of the brain. Biological death means when the brain has been deprived of blood and oxygen for long enough and the cell begin to die.

Answer 114

(B) (SSC Combind Matric Level 2002) Exp: In human body, fats are stored in the adipose tissue. Adipose tissues are connective tissues they store the energy and are present beneath the organs and acts as insulator.

Answer 115

(D) (SSC Combined Matric Level 2002) Exp: Insulin is a hormone secreted by the beta cells of pancreas. Pancreas have three different types of cell beta, gamma and alpha cells. These are located in the clusters of Islets of Langerh Insulin helps to maintain the level of glucose in blood.

Answer 116

(D) (SSC CHSL 2013) Exp: Cellulosic wall is found in the plant cell. The plant cell which is made up of polysaccharides, cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectin etc.

Answer 117

(C) (SSC CHSL 2014) Exp: Keratin is a fibrous structural protein. It protects the outermost layer of human skin. Keratin has the presence of sulphur- containing amino acid called cysteine and forms the cross linking bridge.

Answer 118

(C) (SSC CPO SI, ASI 2016) Exp: A prokaryotic cell does not have nucleus. Prokaryotic defines as Pro-means Primitive and Karyon means Nucleus. They are unicellular and parasite.

Answer 119

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Connective tiusse are the tissues present in human body which helps in connecting one organ to other and protects them. Adipose tiusse, areolar tissues, blood, tendon, ligament are example of connective tissue. Cardiac muscles are the type of muscular tissues.

Answer 120

(D) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Protoplasm is the clolurless material including the cytoplasm, nucleus and cell organelles. Protoplasm is protected by plasma membrane is considered as physical basis of life.

Answer 121

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: The body of all complex animals consist of four basic types of tissues. These are named as epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscular tissue and nervous tissue

Answer 122

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria. Mycoplasma do not have a cell wall. Mycoplasma can survive for many years without the presence of oxygen. Mycoplasma species are the smallest bacterial cell disovered and causes disease to hum

Answer 123

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Skin is not connective tissue. Skin is regarded as the largest organ of the human body. Skin covers the skeletal system and organs in hum The layer of skin is divided into three segments named as epidermal, dermal and hypodermal. Skin helps to maintain the homeostasis of body.

Answer 124

(B) (SSC (10+2) Nov. 2014) Exp: Glucose is a type of Hexose(C6) sugar. Glucose is the final outcome of digestion process in humans and photosynthesis in plants. Glucose converts into Pyruvate and then to ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate), ATP is required as a energy currency.

Answer 125

(B) (SSC Matric Level 2002) Exp: Adipose tissue is the fat storing connective tissue in hum This tissue consists of several adipose cells (or adipocytes) that contain fat globules. These are of two types (i) White (or yellow) fat (ii) Brown fat

Answer 126

(D) (SSC CGL April 2014) Exp: Vitamin D is known as calciferol rather than sunshine. Sunshine is the source of obtaining vitamin D. vitamin D is essential for healthy bones. Deficiency of vitamin D leads to disease rickets and Osteomalacia.

Answer 127

(B) (SSC CGL July 2014) Exp: The most healthy edible oil for heart is olive oil. Olive oil consist mainly of Oleic acid (83%) and other fatty acids like linoleic acids and palmitic acid. Olive oil helps in decreasing the mortality rate and cardiovascular disease.

Answer 128

(B) (SSC CGL 2013) Exp: The presence of cobalt in Vitamin - B12 was established for the time by Borax-bead test or blister test. It was introduced by Berzelius in 1812.

Answer 129

(B) (SSC MTS 2013) Exp: Too much consumption of tea or coffee result in the deficiency of calcium. Too much caffeine hinders the absorption of vitamins, raise the blood pressure and risk of heart attack.

Answer 130

(D) (SSC CGL 2013) Exp: Teeth and bones acquire strength and rigidity from calcium. Bones and teeth are made up of calcium & phosphate. calcium is regulated by the thyroid and parathyroid gland.

Answer 131

(C) (SSC FCI 2012, Matric Level 2002) Exp: Male (Anopheles) mosquito feeds on Nectar of flower while the female anopheles feed on blood of human.

Answer 132

(A) (SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2012) Exp: A man suffering from diabetes mellitus drinks water more frequently as he has to eliminate extra glucose from the blood. Diabetes Mellitus increase the level of glucose in the blood. Which is filtered by kidney.

Answer 133

(D) (SSC FCI 2012) Exp: Scurvy is caused due to the deficiency of vitamin C. Vitamin C is scientifically known as ascorbic acid. It is present in all citric foods. Vit C leads to deficiency of joints pain, bleeding of gums etc.

Answer 134

(C) (SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2011) Exp: Soyabean and groundnut are two richest source of edible protein and groundnut contains 26gm of protein per100 gm

Answer 135

(B) (SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2011) Exp: Fat soluble vitamins are calciferol (D3), carotene (Vitamin A) and Tocopherol (Vitamin E). Vitamin according to the solubility are of 2 types- water soluble (B & C) and fat soluble. (A, D, E, K)

Answer 136

(C) (SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2011) Exp: Vitamin B2 is chemically known as Riboflavin. It is a water soluble vitamin. It is obtained from dairy products, bananas, green be Deficiency of Vit B2 cause the diseases ariboflavinosis, angular stomatitis.

Answer 137

(B) (SSC MTS 2011) Exp: Vitamin C is not found in any animal food, It mostly occurs in citric foods. Vit C is a water soluble vitamin and chemically known as Ascorbic acid Deficiency of Vit C leads to disease called scurvy.

Answer 138

(C) (SSC MTS 2011, SO 2003) Exp: Vitamin K is necessary for coagulation of blood. It is a fat soluble vitamin. Coagulation also known as clotting. It is a process by which cessation of blood from a damaged vessels is repaired by the formation of fibrin.

Answer 139

(D) (SSC MTS 2011) Exp: The good sources of vitamin E are fresh vegetables, fruits, nuts and seeds. Chemical name of Vit E are Tocopherol and tocotrienols vit E deficiency leads to haemolytic anaemia in new born infants.

Answer 140

(B) (SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2011) Exp: Sodium chloride (NaCl) known as common salt when adds to the diet, it breaks to form Hydrochloric acid (HCL) which is required for the digestion of food. Na+ and K salts are required for signal transmission in nerves, while ca2+ plays an important role in muscle contraction and release of Hormones.

Answer 141

(B) (SSC Steno. 2011) Exp: Deficiency of vit-B12 cause the disease pernicious anaemia. It is an autoimmune disease where the body has the deficiency of normal size RBC's also called as macrocyte. This decrease the amount of oxygen in blood stream and can lead to fatigue and weakness

Answer 142

(C) (SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2010) Exp: Protein is a nitrogenous food. Protein is formed by the joining of 20 different amino acids by peptide bond. Amino acids are organic compounds containing amine (NH2) and carboxyl (COOH) functional group.

Answer 143

(A) (SSC CGL 2010) Exp: Vitamin B12 is the water soluble vitamin and is the only vitamin which requires the metal cobalt for its functioning hence it is known as cyanocobalamin. Vit B12 is generally not present in plant food but present in animal food and is stored in liver.

Answer 144

(B) (SSC (10+2), DEO&LDC 2010) Exp: Carbohydrate forms the glucose. It is the main source of energy for human body. All the forms of glucose i.e., monosaccharide, Disaccharides & Polysaccharides dissociate to form pyruvate which further converted into ATP. 1 glucose give 36 ATP.

Answer 145

(B) (SSC CISF, ASI Exam 2010) Exp: Vit C or Ascorbic acid is easily destroyed by heat and water as well as exposure to air. It is a water soluble vitamin found in fruits and vegetables. Deficiency of vit C cause the gum bleeding and joints pain.

Answer 146

(B) (SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2010) Exp: Dietary fibre includes the non-starch polysaccharides such as cellulose, lignin, chitins, pectin etc. Fibres helps in easy digestion of food and there by decrease the blood cholesterol level and weight.

Answer 147

(C) (SSC CPO 2010) Exp: Rickets is the deficiency disease of vitamin D which affects the bone. It mainly affects the children by causing bone deformation, stunted growth and osteomalacia.

Answer 148

(C) (SSC Tax Asst. 2009) Exp: Deficiency of vitamin D cause the bending of limb bones in children. Vitamin D is essential for the bone formation. Deficiency of vit D is associated with rickets in which bone tissues does not mineralize and leads to soft bones and skeletal deformities.

Answer 149

(B) (SSC Tax Asst. 2009) Exp: Beside carbohydrates, fat is a major source of energy in our food. Fat is termed as stored energy and is deposited in adipose tissues. The respiratory quotient (RQ) value of fat is very low i.e. 0.7.

Answer 150

(B) (SSC SO 2008) Exp: Vitamin C or Ascorbic acid removes by washing the peeled vegetable. Vitamin C is easily destroyed by heat, air and water Vitamins are destroyed by heating the food above 70ºC

Answer 151

(C) (SSC CPO 2008) Exp: Deficiency of Vit B1 (Thiamine) causes Beri-Beri. In extreme cases Beri - Beri damages the nerves, can lead to decreased muscle strength and muscle paralysis. The good source of vit B, are oatmeal, brown rice, vegetables, potatoes, egg and liver.

Answer 152

(D) (SSC Matric Level 2008) Exp: Vit-D is not manufactured in our body and is naturally present in very few food. It mainly produces when UV rays from sunlight strike the skin and this trigger vit D synthesis.

Answer 153

(D) (SSC SO 2008) Exp: The deficiency of vitamin B6 cause the disease Anaemia. The chemical names of vitamin B6 are pyridoxine and pyridoxamine. Anaemia is a RBC disorder, where the RBC shape get distorted from oval to sickle cell.

Answer 154

(D) (SSC CGL 2008, 2004) Exp: Vitamin-K is necessary participant in the synthesis of several blood clotting protein as thrombin by thrombinogen. Vitamin-K is known as coagulation factor. It is present in green vegetable.

Answer 155

(A) (SSC CPO 2003, SSC CGL 2002) Exp: Oxygen is the most abundant element present in human body. A single haemoglobin present in RBC carries 4 oxygen unit which is transported to the tissues and org 1.39 ml of O2is present per gram of haemoglobin.

Answer 156

(A) (SSC Tax Asst. 2007, SSC CGL 2003) Exp: Protein is most important for the growth of children. Protein is termed as building block of the body and is required for the structure, function and regulation of body's tissue and org Proteins helps in formation of enzymes and structural component.

Answer 157

(D) (SSC Matric Level 2006) Exp: Vit K or phylloquinone is a fat soluble vitamin. Vit K is synthesised by the liver which helps in production of thrombopoietin and conversion of prothrombin to thrombin which results in formation of fibrinogen, which is an important factor of blood clotting or coagulation.

Answer 158

(A) (SSC CPO 2005) Exp: Proteins are known as body building of life. There are 20 different types of amino acids that are combined to form the protein. Proteins are synthesized through a process called translation and transcription.

Answer 159

(C) (SSC SO 2005) Exp: Pregnant women usually become deficient in calcium and Iron. Due to the increase in Blood volume upto 40%, approximately 15% to 25% of all pregnancies suffer from iron deficiency. Deficiency of iron leads to disease Anaemia & deficiency of calcium leads to Osteoporosis.

Answer 160

(C) (SSC Tax Asst. 2004) Exp: Glycogen is made and stored in the liver cell (Hepatocyte) and muscle cell. Glycogen is polysaccharide form of carbohydrate. It is present in form of granules in cytoplasm. Glycogen is the principle storage form of glucose in animals and human cells.

Answer 161

(A) (SSC Matric Level 2002) Exp: Gooseberry (Amla) is a medicinal type plant. It's botanical name is Ribes grossnlaria is a species of ribes. It contain high percentage of Vitamin-C. So it is also known as India herbal doctor.

Answer 162

(D) (SSC Matric Level 2002) Exp: Vitamin D is produced in human body by exposing it to early morning sun rays. Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) is made in our skin it convert in Vit D in the presence of sunlight.

Answer 163

(A) (SSC Matric Level 2002) Exp: Vitamin A is a most important vitamin for human body. It's scientific name is Retinol which formed by the splitting of B-Carotene pigment. Carotene is mostly present in carrot.

Answer 164

(B) (SSC Matric Level 2002) Exp: Riboflavin in is the scientific name of vitamin - B2. It is a water soluble vitamin. It prevent the disease migraine. It is present in eggs, green vegetables, milk and meat.

Answer 165

(A) (SSC Matric Level 2002) Exp: Protein is considered as body builder in humans or building block of human body. It consist the amino acid chain which maintain the tissue through repair.

Answer 166

(A) (SSC Matric Level 2002) Exp: Carbohydrate made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which provide us energy. Foods such as wheat, sugarcane, Fruits have different type of carbohydrate, carbohydrate with its component (mono, di and polysaccharide) functions as a primary source of energy.

Answer 167

(B) (SSC Matric 2002) Exp: Placenta is an organ which is formed to supply nutrition to foetus. It attach to the wall of uterus and foetus umbilical cord.

Answer 168

(C) (SSC Matric Level 2001) Exp: Vit-D or calciferol is a fat soluble vit and cannot be drawn from any vegetable. Vit D is synthesised from the cholecalciferol present in skin through the chemical reactions that are dependent on sun exposure.

Answer 169

(B) (SSC SO 2001) Exp: Vitamin B also known as Thiamin, is a water soluble vitamin. Vita B, is present in oatmeal, brown rice, vegetable, potatoes, liver, eggs etc. Deficiency of Vit B, cause disease Beri-Beri.

Answer 170

(B) (SSC Matric Level 2001) Exp: Scurvy is a disease caused by the deficiency of vit c (Ascorbic acid). Symptoms of scurvy are fatigueness, anaemia, sore arms and legs and bleeding gums.

Answer 171

(C) (SSC Matric Level 2000) Exp: Enzymes are made up of proteins. Enzymes acts as catalyst in converting the substrate to the products. Enzymes lower down the activation energy thereby decreasing the time taken by reaction.

Answer 172

(B) (SSC CISF, ASI 2010) Exp: Whole grain cereals and pulses are more nutritious. Whole grain cereal contains the fibres which helps in easy digestion of food and maintains the blood cholesterol level. Pulses are rich in protein.

Answer 173

(C) (SSC CGL 2008) Exp: Fructose is sweeter than glucose and sucrose. It is roughly 1.7 times sweeter than sucrose. Glucose is simplest 6-C sugar with the sweetness range between 0.74 and 0.8 Lactose is the least sweetest sugar with a range of 0.16

Answer 174

(B) (SSC Matric Level 2006) Exp: Primary source of carbohydrate are plants. By the process of photosynthesis plants prepare the glucose and sugar which are the sources of mono, di and polysaccharides unit of carbohydrates.

Answer 175

(B) (SSC CPO, SI 2005) Exp: Milk is not considered as a balanced diet because of absence of Iron and vitamin C. A balanced diet includes all the essential nutrient components in a ratio.

Answer 176

(D) (SSC Matric Level 2002) Exp: Glucose is the simplest sugar, made up of 6- carbon (C6H12O6) is readily converted into ATP or energy by the process of glycolysis in cell. All the fruits and vegetable content is converted to glucose.

Answer 177

(D) (SSC Matric Level 2000) Exp: Vegetable oils are converted into solid fat (ghee) by the process called hydrogenation. Hydrogenation involves the addition of hydrogen pairs to a molecule an alkene involving. Catalyst such as nickel, palladium or platinum.

Answer 178

(B) Exp: Niacin-a Vitamin of B complex group which cause pellagra. It is a water soluble vitamin.

Answer 179

(B) Exp: Cod liver oil is a nutritional supplement derived from liver of cod fish. It has high levels of the omega - 3 fatty acids, vitamin D and vitamin A.

Answer 180

(D) Exp: Photoautotrophs are the organisms that generate energy using light eg; plants. By the process of photosynthesis plant convert the CO2 and H2O into glucose with the help of sunlight and chlorophyll.

Answer 181

(D) (SSC CGL 2002) Exp: Sweetex has the zero calories used by the diabetic patients. Sweetex is the name of calorie free artificial sweetner. The main ingredient of sweetex is sodium saccharin which is hundred times sweeter than table sugar.

Answer 182

(B) (SSC CPO SI 2004) Exp: Milk is the rich source of vitamin B-12 vit B-12 or cyanocobalamin. Vit B12 is obtained from meat, poultry, fish, eggs and milk. Deficiency of Vit B-12 cause the disease pernicious anaemia.

Answer 183

(A) (SSC Tax Asst. -2004) Exp: Xerophthalmia is a deficiency disease caused by lack of vit A. Xerophthalmia is the abnormal dryness to the conjunctiva and cornea of the eye, due to non-secretion of tears from Lacrimal gland.

Answer 184

(A) (SSC CPO SI 2005)

Answer 185

(B) (SSC CGL 2005) Exp: Vitamins Source A Leafy vegetables, Liver, orange, carrot, milk, B1 Brewers yeast, oatmeal, brown rice, eggs, potatoes. C Raw cabbages, citrus fruits. E Wheat germ oil, nuts, seeds, fruits

Answer 186

(C) (Income Tax & Central Excise-2005) Exp: Symptoms Cause Weak sight Deficiency of vit A Anaemia Deficiency of Iron Skin problem, scurvy Deficiency of vit C Breaking of bones Deficiency of Calcium

Answer 187

(C) (SSC CPO SI 2006) Exp: Deficiency of vit D in children cause disease rickets. Children suffers from bone deformation, stunted growth which leads to easy fracture. Sources of vit D are sunlight, fruits and vegetables.

Answer 188

(C) (SSC Sec. Officer (Audit) 2008) Exp: A man with colour blindness will see red as green colour. Colour blindness is a genetic disease which affects males mostly. The person is not able to differentiate between red and green.

Answer 189

(A) (SSC Combined Matric Level 2000) Exp: Fats (Butter) possesses the highest calorific value. Calorific value is the amount of energy produced by combustion of fuel. Calorific value of fat is 9 k cal/gm

Answer 190

(C) (SSC Combined Matric Level 2005) Exp: Vit E is important for normal activity of sex glands and maintains the fertility in males. Deficiency of vit E causes miscarriage in females. Vit E is also named as beauty vitamin.

Answer 191

(B) (SSC Combined Matric Level 2002) Exp: Placenta is a connecting link between mother and the developing foetus. Placenta helps in thermo-regulation, exchange of gases, removal of waste, production of antibodies through Blood vessel.

Answer 192

(B) (SSC Combined Matric Level 2002) Exp: Riboflavin is vit-B2, obtained from dairy products, bananas, popcorn. Insulin and adrenalin are hormones, keratin is a protein.

Answer 193

(D) (SSC Combined Matric Level 2002) Exp: Liver stores the carbohydrates as glycogen and converts this glycogen into carbohydrates by the process called glycogenolysis.

Answer 194

(D) (SSC Combined Matric Level 2006) Exp: Drying or Hardening is the addition of oxygen to an organic compound which is an unsaturated fatty acid. Drying oil consist of glycerol triesters of fatty acids. Drying oil are the component of oil paints.

Answer 195

(C) (SSC Combind Materic Level 2006) Exp: Scurvy is a deficiency disease caused by Vit C or Ascorbic acid. The source of vit C is citric fruits and vegetable such as tomatoes and potatoes.

Answer 196

(D) (SSC MTS 2011) Exp: Nucleic acid are known as the 'immovable property' in the cell. Nucleic acid are molecules made up of sugar - phosphate backbone and Nitrogenous base pair which form the DNA. DNA is the genetic hereditary material.

Answer 197

(B) (SSC MTS 2011) Exp: Vitamin C is not found in any animal food. Vitamin C is present in citrus fruits, tomatoes, red peppers and potatoes. Deficiency of Vitamin C causes the disease scurvy.

Answer 198

(B) (SSC Steno. Grade C & D 2011) Exp: Deficiency of Vitamin B12 cause the disease pernicious Anaemia. Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) is available in meat, poultry, fish, egg and milk.

Answer 199

(B) (SSC CHSL 2011) Exp: Deficiency of iodine leads to disease goitre. Thyroid gland maintains the level of iodine in the body. Hypothyroidism i.e, less secretion of thyroxin leads to the enlargement of thyroid gland which is a symptom of disease goitre.

Answer 200

(C) (SSC CHSL 2012) Exp: Saprophytes are the organism those depends for food on dead and decay material. This material then converts into nutrients and gases.

Answer 201

(B) (SSC Delhi police SI 2012) Exp: Lactose is present in milk. Galactose and glucose combines to form the lactose sugar. The formula of lactose is C12H22O11. Lactose is converted into lactic acid for the production of ATP.

Answer 202

(A) (SSC MTS 2013) Exp: Vegetables and fruits should be a part of diet because they stimulate peristalsis. Peristalsis are the contraction and relaxation movement of stomach, which makes the stomach empty.

Answer 203

(B) (SSC MTS 2013) Exp: Milk is composed of protein casein and lactose sugar. Milk contains all the 9 essential amino acids required by hum Milk contains all important nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, calcium, phosphorous, fats and some vitamins.

Answer 204

(A) (SSC Constable GD 2013) Exp: Cholesterol is absent in groundnut oil. Cholesterol is an oil based substance which does not dissolve in blood. Cholesterol is important for body but in low level. High level of cholesterol quantity can narrow the arteries and restrict the blood flow.

Answer 205

(C) (SSC CHSL 2013) Exp: Enzymes are proteins. Enzymes act as catalyst which fasten up the reaction without involving in it. Thus slower down the time and decrease the energy requirement.

Answer 206

(A) (SSC CHSL 2014) Exp: First class protein are those protein which are obtained from animals. First class proteins contains all necessary amount of essential amino acid.

Answer 207

(C) (SSC CHSL 2015) Exp: Amino acids are combined to form proteins. There are total 20 amino acids which are joined together by peptide bonds and by the structural configuration they form the different levels of proteins structure.

Answer 208

(D) (SSC CGL 2016) Exp: If vitamin A and D are taken in excess amount they are stored in the body as hypervitaminosis. The excess amount of vit A leads to abnormal softening of skull bone, blurred vision, liver damage etc. Excess of vit D leads to overcalcification of bones, heart & kidneys.

Answer 209

(D) (SSC CPO SI, ASI 2016) Exp: Lipids are molecules that consist of cholesterol and fatty acids, Lipids include fat's waxes, fat soluble vitamin, mono, di & Tri glyceride. Lipids helps in energy storage, signalling, structural component of cell membrane etc.

Answer 210

(A) (SSC CPO SI, ASI 2016) Exp: Glycogen is a polysaccharide unit of glucose. It is known as animal Tissues. Glycogen is a form of energy that is stored in animals and converts glucose by the liver cell.

Answer 211

(B) (SSC CPO SI, ASI 2016) Exp: Fructose is a monosaccharide natural fruit sugar. The chemical formula of fructose is C6H12O6. Fructose was discovered by Augustin Dubrunfaunt in 1847.

Answer 212

(B) (SSC CGL 2016) Exp: Vitamin D helps in absorption of calcium. Vit D helps in calcium homeostasis and metabolism. Vit D and calcium work together to slow down or reverse osteoporosis

Answer 213

(B) (SSC CGL 2016) Exp: Deficiency of vitamin B3 or Niacin cause the disease Pellagra. Pellagra disease inflamed the skin causes dementia. The main sources of vitamin B3 are meat fish, egg, vegetable and nuts.

Answer 214

(D) (SSC MTS 2017) Exp: Glucose is a simple monosaccharide carbohydrate. Glucose provides the energy by converting in pyruvate first and then ATP in the cell. The chemical formula of glucose is C6H12O6.

Answer 215

(A) (SSC MTS 2017) Exp: Riboflavin is a vitamin complex B2. Riboflavin functions as coenzyme in several reactions by the name of Flavin Mono Nucleotide (FMN). Main sources of vitamin B2 are dairy products, green vegetable and milk.

Answer 216

(D) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Citrus fruits contains highest amount of vitamin C. These plants belongs to family Rutaceae. Oranges, lemons, grapefruit are citrus fruit.

Answer 217

(D) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Dietary fibres is an important constituent required by body. Dietary fibre is a type of carbohydrate present in cereals, fruits, vegetables, dried peas, nuts.

Answer 218

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Vitamin D is activated by sun rays. It is a fat soluble vitamin and is essential for strong bones. Deficiency of vitamin D is associated with disease rickets and osteomalacia.

Answer 219

(B) [SSC (10+2) Exam, 2012] Exp: Vegetable contains the rich amount of water (Approx - 80 - 95%). Vegetables includes organic substances like carbohydrates, fats, proteins, organic acids and a high content of vitamins and minerals.

Answer 220

(A) [SSC (10+2) 2012] Exp: Liver convert glycogen into glucose by the process known as glycogenolysis. Hormone glucagon and epinephrine control this conversion. Liver cleanses blood by excreting co2 and acids.

Answer 221

(D) [SSC (10+2) 2013] Exp: Table sugar is a kind of sucrose sugar. Sucrose is a disaccharide sugar made up of glucose and fructose. Table sugar is also known as beet sugar, refined sugar, cane sugar.

Answer 222

(D) [SSC Steno (Grande-D) 2005] Exp: Sour taste of lemon is due to the presence of citric acid in high concentration of even about 8%. All the fruits & vegetables containing citric acid are good source of Vitamin C.

Answer 223

(B) [SSC CGL (TIER-I) 2012] Exp: Saliva helps in digestion of starch. Saliva is secreted from salivary glands and is slightly acidic with pH = 6.8. Saliva help in mastigating the food, kills the bacteria or virus present in food.

Answer 224

(A) [SSC LDC 2005] Exp: Pharynx is the common passage for digestion and respiration which cross the digestion and respiratory pipe at oesophagus. A. Digestive system

Answer 225

(A) [SSC CPO 2009] Exp: Corn is a rich source of starch (amylum). Starch is a polysaccharide unit of carbohydrate, where glucose molecules joined together with the glycosidic bond.

Answer 226

(A) [SSC CHSL (10+2) 2010] Exp: Coagulation of milk into curd is done with the help of enzyme renin. Renin is present in the stomach as the digestive enzyme.

Answer 227

(D) [SSC CPO 2013, SSC Tax Asst. 2006] Exp: Sour milk contains Lactic acid. Acidification of milk turns it to sour through the bacterial fermentation which is commonly called as 'Cultured' or 'Fermented' milk.

Answer 228

(A) [SSC Tax Asst. 2007] Exp: Liver does not release any digestive enzyme. Liver has the gall bladder which stores the bile juice. Bile juice helps in emulsification of fats.

Answer 229

(D) [SSC Steno (Grade-C) 2014] Exp: Human body get energy from the carbohydrate mostly. carbohydrate convert into monosaccharide and give energy.

Answer 230

(B) [SSC MTS 2013] Exp: Milk has the composition of protein and carbohydrate in the form of casin and Lactose. Lactose is the disaccharide sugar made up of galactose and glucose. Lactic acid is converted into ATP in muscles.

Answer 231

(C) [SSC (10+2) 2010] Exp: Cellulose is a polysaccharide, which is made up of glucose. This is intake in animal food but due to deficiency of digestive enzyme it is not digested.

Answer 232

(A) [SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2011] Exp: The liver is a largest organ of body present on right side of the abdomen weighing about 3 pounds and (1.5kg). It is red brown in colour. Liver breaks glycogen into glucose by the process named glycogenolysis. The free glucose molecule participate in respiratory pathways.

Answer 233

(C) [SSC FCI 2011] Exp: Hydrochloric acid or gastric juice is secreted from oxyntic or parietal cell. HCl helps in protecting the stomach lining, kills pathogenic organism. HCl converts the pepsinogen into pepsin, which helps in protein digestion.

Answer 234

(B) [SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2011] Exp: Saliva is a acidic (pH - 6.8) fluid which helps in digestion of starch. It is released from salivary gland. It is composed of 99.5% water, electrolyte, mucus. It contains the enzyme Lysozymase.

Answer 235

(B) [SSC MTS 2011] Exp: Bile is a yellowish - green fluid, secreted by the liver cell. Bile is stored in the gall bladder. Bile juice helps in emulsification of fats present in food.

Answer 236

(B) [SSC Steno. 2010] Exp: Saliva is a substance secreted from epithelial layer of mouth. Saliva is secreted from parotid, sublingual and sub maxillary gland. It helps in mastigation, chewing and swallowing of food. Saliva is not related with the increase number of RBC in the body.

Answer 237

(C) [SSC CPO 2008] Exp: Taste buds for sour taste are present on the side of the tongue. Taste buds contains the receptor cell. Salt taste are present on the side, Bitter taste in the back side and it taste sweet in the front of tongue.

Answer 238

(A) [SSC Tax Asst. 2004] Exp: The process of digestion is helped by Enzymes. Enzymes are biological molecules made up of protein that works as catalyst and helps in fasten up the chemical reactions. Important digestive enzymes are amylase, trypsin, lipase, pepsin.

Answer 239

(C) [SSC CPO 2003] Exp: Insulin is a hormone. It make the body cell to absorb glucose from blood. The glucose is stored in the liver and muscle as glycogen and stop the body from using fat as the source of energy.

Answer 240

(B) [SSC MTS 2000] Exp: Bacteria and Fungi belongs to the decomposers groups. They release the enzyme to break the complex material into simpler material in the environment. Then absorbs the dead and decay material for their food (saprophytes).

Answer 241

(C) [SSC Matric Level 2000] Exp: Bile is a fluid produced by bilirubin and biliverdin cells of Liver. Bile is stored in the gall bladder and secreted through duct. Bile juice helps in emulsification of fats.

Answer 242

(D) Exp: Amylase is an enzyme that digest the carbohydrates secret by pancreas and the salivary gland. But protozoans are lower animals they don't have digestive system.

Answer 243

(A) Exp: Stomach is an important organ for digestion produces gastric juices which is comprised of hydrochloric acid, water and enzyme.

Answer 244

(B) Exp: Pancreas is the important exocrine gland. It secretes the enzyme lipase, amylase and trypsin for the digest of fat, carbohydrate and protein respectively. Pancreas is the only gland which act as both exocrine and endocrine

Answer 245

(D) Exp: Liver detoxify the blood by removing the acids and produces chemicals such as Bile juice for digestion of fat. Liver regulates the blood composition to balance protein fat and sugar.

Answer 246

(C) [SSC CPO SI 2003] Exp: Insulin is a hormone secreted by Beta - cells of Pancreas. Insulin helps in regulating the glucose and fat metabolism in the body. Glucose production in the liver is inhibited by high concentration of insulin in blood.

Answer 247

(D) [SSC Sec. Officer (Audit) 2003] Exp: Dehydration occurs when the amount of water excreting the body is greater than the amount being taken in. There can be lose of water with Diarrhoea, vomiting, excessive sweating and frequent urination. There are 3 types of dehydration - Hyponatremic, Hypernatremic and Isonatremic.

Answer 248

(A) [SSC CPO SI 2005] Exp: Seasickness, also known as motion sickness or kinetosis or travel sickness is the common disturbance of internal ear. This affects the sense of balance and equilibrium. Symptoms of motion sickness includes nausea, vomiting, sweating etc.

Answer 249

(A) [SSC Combined Matric Level 1999] Exp: The end product of starch digestion in the alimentary canal is glucose. Starch is a polysaccharide unit of glucose joined together by glycosidic bonds. Polysaccharide units are broken down into di and monosaccharide with the help of enzymes amylase, sucrase & Lipase.

Answer 250

(C) [SSC Combined Matric Level 1999] Exp: Vitamins are an important essential nutrient required in trace amount by human body Vitamins do not provide energy, although the deficiency can cause diseases.

Answer 251

(B) [SSC Combined Matric Level 2000] Exp: Digestion of Proteins starts in the stomach region where enzyme pepsin convents the protein first, later enzyme Trypsin released from Pancreas degrade protein into amino acids.

Answer 252

(C) [SSC Combined Matric Level 2000] Exp: Metabolism refers to synthesis of larger complex from smaller one or break down of larger complex into smaller one. These reaction either release the energy (catabolic) or consume the energy (Anabolic).

Answer 253

(C) [SSC Combined Matric Level 2002] Exp: During the digestion process, three main food component ingest are carbohydrate, fats and proteins. Protein digestion is completd by 2 enzymes i.e., Pepsin and Trypsin, these Enzymes convert protein into amino acid by breaking their peptide bonds.

Answer 254

(C) [SSC Combined Matric Level 2006] Exp: Silvering of mirror is a process of depositing a coating of pure silver on a glass sheet or a glass plate. Glucose acts as a reducing agent when added to the solution of AgNO3 + Ammonium Hydroxide.

Answer 255

(A) [SSC Data Entry Operator 2008] Exp: Diastase is an enzyme, present in salivary gland. Diastase convert the starch into sugar maltose. Diastase was the first enzyme to be discovered.

Answer 256

(D) [SSC CGL 2013] Exp: Liver is the rich source of protein, three ounce of liver piece can provide 17 gm of protein. Protein keep the cells and tissues healthy and strong. It strengthen the tendon tissue and bones.

Answer 257

(A) [SSC CGL 2013] Exp: Break down of fat moleculas into smaller globules is known as Emulsification of fat. Bile juice released from liver is the only enzyme which helps in emulsification of fat.

Answer 258

(A) [SSC Constable GD 2013] Exp: Proteins are digested by the enzyme proteases. Protease hydrolyse the peptide bonds of protein to form amino acids. Proteases are classified into 84 families and four catalytic types: Serine, cysteine, aspartic and metallo

Answer 259

(C) [SSC CGL 2014] Exp: Endoscope is an instrument used to detect the ulcers in the stomach. It has the long narrow tube made up of optical fibre with a small glowing bulb at one end.

Answer 260

(C) [SSC CGL 2014] Exp: Gastric mucosa are the membrane of stomach which contains gastric glands. During the contraction of empty stomach, wall linings forms the numerous plates or rugae.

Answer 261

(A) [SSC CGL 2016] Exp: During the digestion, stomach acts as a digestive gland which secrete the acids such as Hydrochloric acid, Potassium chloride and Sodium chloride. The main constituent of gastric gland is HCl which helps to kill the microbes present in food and formation of trypsin and pepsin.

Answer 262

(B) [SSC CGL 2016] Exp: HCl present in stomach converts the pepsinogen into pepsin enzyme. Pepsin helps in digestion of protein by breaking their peptide bonds.

Answer 263

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Bilirubin and biliverdin cells of liver secreted the bile juice which gets stored in gall bladder and released through bile duct. Bile juice helps in emulsification of fats.

Answer 264

(A) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Bile is produced by liver, stored in gall bladder and secreted through bile duct.

Answer 265

(D) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: There are total 4 canine teeth present in adult human. Canine helps in tearing the food.

Answer 266

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Amoeba digest its food in food vacuole. The mode of nutrition in amoeba is holozoic, where it ingest complete food and digest after obtaining from food vacuole.

Answer 267

(A) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Buccal cavity is the mouth cavity which represent the starting of alimentary Canal or digestive system. Buccal cavity represent the oral cavity which includes the teeth and tongue.

Answer 268

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Digestion of food includes four major steps ingestion, digestion, absorption and egestion, Egestion is the removal of faecal matter through anus.

Answer 269

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Small intestine has finger like projections called villi. These villi are richly supplied with blood vessels. Presence of these villi, increase the surface area of small intestine which helps in absorption of digested food.

Answer 270

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Rumen is the part of alimentary canal present in those organism who depend on grass for their food (herbivores). Rumen is also known as 'paunch', forms the larger part of the reticulum, which is the first chamber in the alimentary canal of ruminant animals.

Answer 271

(B) [SSC (10+2) 2011] Exp: Cockroach breathe through a system of tubes called trachea, which are attached to openings called spiracles. Exchange of O2 and CO2 is done by the process of Diffusion. Due to the presence of these openings cockroach cannot survive in water.

Answer 272

(C) [SSC (10+2) 2012] Exp: Mammals being on the apex level in the hierarchy of classification are the most complex organism some of the important characteristics are presence of mammary glands, sweat glands, diaphragm and hair on skin.

Answer 273

(A) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Erythrocytes or RBC's carries the 4 molecules of oxygen on the Haemoglobin and forms the complex oxyhaemoglobin RBC's carries the O2 from the lungs and supply it to the tissues by the process of diffusion.

Answer 274

(B) [SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2011] Exp: Swim bladder or air bladder is the important characteristic of bony fishes or osteichthyes. Air bladder acts a hydrostatic organ enabling the fish to maintain its depth without floating upward or sinking.

Answer 275

(A) [SSC SO 2003] Exp: Oxygen is the most abundant element present in human body. Fraction of oxygen mass in human body is 65% oxygen plays an important role in cellular respiration and metabolic activities.

Answer 276

(C) [SSC CGL 2009] Exp: Respiration is a Biochemical process which involves the mechanism of cellular respiration i.e. oxidation of food. Respiration requires the oxygen for all metabolic activities.

Answer 277

(A) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Kidney helps in the excretion of nitrogenous waste from blood. Renal artery receive the blood from aorta and supply it to kidney for the filtration.

Answer 278

(A) [SSC Tax Asst. 2009] Exp: Ischemia is a situation in which there is an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of body, especially to the heart muscle. It is caused by narrowing or blockage of coronary arteries which can lead to a defect known as Angina pectoris.

Answer 279

(A) [SSC CGL 2008] Exp: Human heart is a four chambered muscular organ present above the diaphragm in chest cavity. These four chambers are divide into two auricle & two ventricles in chest cavity. Heart is the pumping organ, which carries the deoxygenated and oxygenated blood received from body and lungs respectively.

Answer 280

(C) [SSC Tax Asst. 2008, MTS 2003] Exp: Right amount of physical exercise lead to a healthy heart by preventing the heart disease & strengthening the heart muscle. Physical activities lowers the cholesterol level and reduce the blood pressure.

Answer 281

(A) [SSC CPO Exam 2006] Exp: Respiration is the process by which oxidation of food material takes place at cellular level. This helps in production of energy in the from of ATP inside the mitochondria.

Answer 282

(B) [SSC SO 2005] Exp: A heart beat completes one cardiac cycle including joint systole and joint diastole A single cardiac cycle completes in 0.8 sec involving five stages.

Answer 283

(C) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Heart beat is a rhythmic cycle of systole and diastole series of event which comprises a cardiac cycle. In a minute, heart beat 72 times i.e. it completes 72 cardiac cycle.

Answer 284

(C) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Blood pressure is the force of blood on the walls of arteries. Blood pressure is expressed in terms of systolic pressure over diastolic pressure.

Answer 285

(A) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Pericardium is a fluid filled fibroserous tissue layer that surrounds the heart. It protects the heart from external jerk or shock. Pericardium prevents excessive relaxation of heart during acute blood overload.

Answer 286

(A) [SSC Steno. 2010] Exp: Rheumatic heart disease is damage to one or more heart valves that occur due to persistant acute rheumatic fever. Aspirin or acetyl salicylic acid is used as analgesic to relieve pain and fever.

Answer 287

(A) [SSC (10+2), DEO&LDC 2009] Exp: Mycoplasma is a bacteria that lacks a call wall and can survive without the availability of oxygen. Mycoplasma pneumonia is a respiratory disorder. It adhere to epithelial cells of respiratory tract and evade host immune system.

Answer 288

(D) [SSC CPO 2005] Exp: WBC's or leukocytes are the blood platelets. They are released from the bone marrow. WBC helps in protecting the body against infection and involved in immunity system. WBC are also known as 'Soldier of Body'

Answer 289

(D) Exp: Respiration is a process of breathing and oxidation of food. Lungs are the primary organs of respiration enclosed in rib cage lungs have the alveoli which act as structural and functional unit of respiratory system. Lungs helps in exchange of deoxygenated and oxygenated gas.

Answer 290

(A) Exp:Anaerobic respiration is a process by which pyruvate converts into ATP without oxygen. Anaerobic respiration is also known as fermentation which is done by yeast.

Answer 291

(A) [SSC CGL 2000] Exp: Reserpine is an alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina. Reserpine is an antipsychotic and antihypertensive drug. Reserpine controls the high blood pressure and psychotic symptoms.

Answer 292

(B) [SSC Sec. Officer (Audit) 2003] Exp: Starfish in an aquatic organism belongs to phylum Echinodermata. Starfish do not have well-defined sense org Starfish lacks a centralized brain it has a complex nervous system around the mouth which runs through the tube feet.

Answer 293

(A) [SSC Tax Asst. (Income Tax) 2004] Exp: Electroencardio graph is an instrument which is used to detect the functioning of heart. Electroencardio graph detect the electrical changes in heart muscle in the pattern of depolarizing and depolarizing during cardiac cycle.

Answer 294

(C) [SSC Statistical investigatores G-IV 2005] Exp: Heart Attack occurs when the flow of oxygen rich blood to a section of heart muscle suddenly becomes block and the heart can not get enough oxygen. Heart attack is included into caronary artery disease (CAD).

Answer 295

(D) [SSC CGL 2011] Exp: White lungs disease or Asbestosis is an occupational respiratory disorder that is caused by the prolonged inhalation of asbestos fiber. It is a type of pneumoconiosis i.e. inhalation of organic or inorganic dust or chemical irritants

Answer 296

(A) [SSC Combined Matric Level 2002] Exp: The protective covering of lungs is pleural membrane. It is fluid filled membrane which prevant the lungs from sudden shock and jerk. Pleural membrane protects the lungs during contraction and relaxation of breathing process.

Answer 297

(A) [SSC Stteno Grade C & D 2010] Exp: The smoke of tobacco contains the carbon monoxide which is injurious to health. Carbon monoxide is a highly toxic gas, it combines with haemoglobin to produce carboxyhaemoglobin. It reduce the power of haemoglobin to carry oxygen molecules. The person suffers from headache, nausea, vomiting, fatigue etc.

Answer 298

(A) [SSC CGL 2013] Exp: Mammalian heart is divided into four chambers. Heart is divided into right and left halves by the fibrous layer called septum. This division of heart is to separate the oxygenated blood from deoxygenated.

Answer 299

(B) [SSC CGL 2014] Exp: Muscles form the lactic acid, during the continuous strenuous physical exercise, the lactic acid converts into ATP by the anaerobic respiration process that cause muscular fatigue. Muscles contain the myoglobin. It is a primary oxygen carrying pigment of muscles tissues.

Answer 300

(A) [SSC CGL 2014] Exp: Respiratory rate of just born baby is 30 to 60 times/ minute. The respiratory rate decrease with the increasing age.

Answer 301

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Muscle fatigue is the decrease in efficiency of muscle movement, increased tiredness and pain. Two main cause of muscle fatigue are accumulation of lactic acid and degeneration of neural cells.

Answer 302

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp. Hibernation is a winter sleep by the organisms for long durations. It helps to save energy. During hibernation frog respires through skin.

Answer 303

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: In humans, voice is produced by the larynx or voice box present in the respiratory tract. Two vocal cords are present across the larynx stretch, which allow the passage of air.

Answer 304

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: 5mm shorter

Answer 305

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Alveoli are the structural and functional unit of respiratory system. Alveoli are richly supplied with blood vessel and are seat of gaseous exchange. Alvesli increase the surface area of lungs.

Answer 306

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: In humans, the sound is produced by vocal cord present in larynx,Larynx has the cartilaginous covering which protect it from collapsing during the inflow and outflow of air.

Answer 307

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: The length of vocal cord in men are about 20 mm.

Answer 308

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: By the mechanism of cellular respiration the glucose is converted into pyruvic acid in cytoplasm. Pyruvate further gets broken down into ATP, carbondioxide and water in mitochondria.

Answer 309

(A) [SSC CGL 2011] Exp: Warm blooded animals are those organisms who have a constant body temperature without the influence of external environment. Warm blooded animals are also known as endothermic. Eg. Aves and mammals.

Answer 310

(D) [SSC FCI 2012, CGL 2008, SO 2002] Exp: Blood groups are divided into four types A, B, AB and O. Each blood group has a kind of antigen or protein present on the surface of RBC. Blood groups are classified '+' or '-' on the basis of the presence of Rh factor. Blood group AB has both Antigen A and B, but have no Antibody i.e., AB is a universal recipient.

Answer 311

(A) [SSC (10+2) 2012] Exp: RBCs are e-nucleated, haemoglobin containing cells. RBC lacks mitochondria so do not perform aerobic respiration Aerobic respiration is a process by which glucose is converted into ATP in the presence of O2.

Answer 312

(A) [SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2011, Matric Level 2002] Exp: Heparin is an anticoagulant (blood thinner) Heparin is produced by basophils and mast cells present in the blood. Other than anticoagulation the main purpose of heparin is to provide defence against pathogens. Heparin was discovered by Jay Mclean and William Henry Howell in 1916.

Answer 313

(C) [SSC Constable (GD) 2012] Exp: Haemoglobin is a protein present inside the RBc. A single Haemoglobin molecule is made up of a and chain with the central metal ion as Iron. Haemoglobin helps to impart the red colour to blood and in exchange of O2 and CO2.

Answer 314

(A) [SSC DEO. MTS 2011] Exp: The average life span of RBC is 120 days. RBCs are removed from circulation through a process called eryptosis. Every second, about 2.5 mn RBC's are destroyed and dead RBCs are stored in spleen (graveyard of RBC). The life span of RBC was measured by Hawkins and Whipple (1938).

Answer 315

(D) [SSC CGL 2011] Exp: The term pH means potential of Hydrogen ions. The pH of human blood is 7.4. Blood is slightly alkaline.

Answer 316

(B) [SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2011] Exp: Enzyme pepsin helps in coagulation of blood. Pepsin is formed by the action of HCl on Pepsinogen. Pepsin also acts an enzyme that breaks down the protein. Same as renin helps in coagulation of milk.

Answer 317

(B) [SSC CPO 2008] Exp: Amphibians have three-chambered heart. Heart is divided into auricles contain the deoxygenated and oxygenated blood which get mixed in single ventricle. Amphibian heart is often called as arteriovenour heart.

Answer 318

(B) [SSC SI 2010] Exp: Blood groups were discovered by Karl Landsteiner in 1901 and were named as ABO group. The Rh factor on blood group was discovered by Karl Landsteiner and Alexander S. Wiener in a monkey Rhesus macaca. The 85% human of population is Rh +ve.

Answer 319

(C) [SSC CGL 2010] Exp: wrong type of blood means the person with a particular blood group receives the different blood group, which results in the agglutination of RBCs. RBCs will clump together that block the vessels and can lead to death of a person.

Answer 320

(A) [SSC SI 2010] Exp: The term 'RH' factor refers to Rhesus group of blood. The factor was discovered by Karl Landsteiner with Alexander Wiener (1940) in a Monkey named as Rhesus macaca. The presence of Rh factor on a blood group makes it Rh +ve blood group, while absence makes it Rh-ve.

Answer 321

(B) [SSC CGL 2008] Exp: Adult human male have 5 million RBC in 5 litre blood, while adult female have 4-5million RBC. RBCs carries the haemoglobin which further carries the four molecule of oxygen on four heme group. Each human RBC contains approx 270million Hg molecule.

Answer 322

(B) [SSC SO 2008] Exp: Heparin is an anticoagulant (blood thinner) that prevents blood clot in vessels. It is also used to reduce the risk of blood clot before surgery. It is a sulphate anticoagulant with highest charge density among all biological molecules.

Answer 323

(B) [SSC Matric Level 2008] Exp: Haemoglobin is a porphyrin protein present in RBCs of blood. This contains iron as its central metal atom and porphyrin ring around it. Its main function is to carry oxygen from lungs to tissue and brings back CO2 from tissue to lungs.

Answer 324

(C) [SSC SO 2006] Exp: Serum is the blood plasma devoid of platelets but have proteins, electrolytes, antigen, hormones etc. Due to the devoid of RBCs the colour of serum is pale yellow. Serum is 55% of the total blood volume.

Answer 325

(C) [SSC CGL 2004] Exp: At a very high altitude, the number of RBC in the human body will increase. The increased number of RBC helps to combat low atmospheric pressure is situation named as polycythemia. In this, RBC count increases which increase the number of haemoglobin available to bond with O2 molecule. This makes the people susceptible to survive at high altitudes.

Answer 326

(A) [SSC CGL 2003] Exp: WBC or Leucocytes are the cells in blood, that helps to build up resistance against disease and provide immunity to the body. WBC make 1% of the blood volume and are released from bone marrow.

Answer 327

(C) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: RBCs are produced from hematopoietic stem cells of bone marrow tissue. This process of RBC production is known as Haematopoiesis. Bone marrow constitutes 4% of the total body mass of hum Bone marrow also gives rise to WBC or leukocytes, Platelets or thrombocytes and lymphocytes.

Answer 328

(B) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Blood is a fluid connective tissue flow in three types of blood Vessels named as arteries, veins and capillaries. Blood is comprised of plasma (55%) and platelets (45%).

Answer 329

(A) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Haemoglobin is an important constituent of Red blood cells. Haemoglobin is made up of protein molecule comprises two a and two b globulin chain connected together. Each globulin chain contains an Iron - containing porphyrin compound termed as heme. The normal range of haemoglobin in male is 12 to 15gm/dl and in female is 12 to 13 gm/ dl.

Answer 330

(C) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Blood Antigen Antibody Can donate group Blood to A A B A, AB B B A B, Ab AB A,B nil AB O Nil A,B A, B, AB, O As O does not have any antigen on their RBC surface, so can donate blood to any blood group and called as universal donor. AB is universal acceptor.

Answer 331

(D) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Blood has the platelets known as RBCs, which contains the pigment haemoglobin. Haemoglobin is made up of globin protein with a central heme compound as iron

Answer 332

(D) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: AB can receive blood from any blood group. AB blood group does not have any antibody, but have both antigen A and B, which makes it universal acceptor.

Answer 333

(A) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Platelets or thrombocytes are important blood clot cells. Platelets are nucleated cells and are produced from Megakaryocytes cells of Bone marrow tissues. The main function of platelets is haemostasis i.e., to stop bleeding at the site of wound.

Answer 334

(B) [SSC Matric Laval 2002] Exp: Cold-blooded animals are those organisms who can fluctuate or capable of regulating their body temperature according to their environment. These animals are also known as poikilotherms. Eg. Pisces and Reptiles.

Answer 335

(C) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Warm blooded animals are those organisms who have a constant body temperature. They are also known as Endothermic or homeothermic Eg. Birds and mammals

Answer 336

(B) [SSC Tax Asst. 2005] Exp: Blood sugar level is the concentration of glucose present in blood. The normal blood sugar level ranges between 70 and 150 Mg/dl, including the fasting and after meal. Insulin released from pancreas maintains the blood glucose level.

Answer 337

(D) [SSC (10+2) Nov. 2014] Exp: Lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell that is a part of immune system. There are two main types of lymphocytes, B cell and T cells. The B cells produce antibodies and provide humoral response. T-cells helps in identification of pathogens. Both B and T cells develop from stem cell in the Bone marrow.

Answer 338

(A) [SSC CGL 2008] Exp: When the parents are of blood group AB and O, the possible blood group of the child will be A or B. This is because the blood group AB has genotype iA, iB and O has the genotype i0, thus on recombination A, iA or B, iB is generated.

Answer 339

(C) [SSC CGL 2011] Exp: The normal fasting blood sugar level per 100m2 of blood in man is 80-100 mg. Concentration of glucose in blood is maintain by Insulin and homeostasis.

Answer 340

(C) [SSC SI 2010] Exp: Sphygmomanometer is used to measure the blood pressure. Sphygmomanometer measure the systolic and diastolic pressure of Blood. The normal average blood pressure is 120/80mmHg. The apparatus was invented by Samuel Siegfried Karl Ritter von Basch in 1881.

Answer 341

(D) [SSC SI 2010] Exp: Hypertension is the other name for increased or high blood pressure. It is a long term medical condition in which blood pressure in arteries remains high. It can cause serious problems stroke, heart failure and even heart attack.

Answer 342

(B) [SSC SO 2008] Exp: Glucose or blood sugar circulates in blood of animals in larger concentration. Glucose is the primary source of energy because it converts into ATP by the process of glycolysis.

Answer 343

(D) [SSC Matric Level 2006] Exp: Hypoglycaemia is a medical condition occurs when blood glucose level fall below 72mg/dL. Hypoglycaemia include kidney failure, liver diseases etc.

Answer 344

(C) [SSC SO 2005] Exp: Cholesterol is an organic molecule, it is a lipid molecule synthesised by all animals cells. Cholesterol is transported within lipoprotein. There are several types of lipoproteins in the blood out of which HDL (High density lipoprotein) are best cholesterol.

Answer 345

(B) [SSC CPO 2003] Exp: Blood circulation is the movement of blood in the body through arteries and veins. William Harvey was the first person to describe the circulation of blood in body through heart in 1616.

Answer 346

(C) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Nitrogenous wastes are produced during metabolic activities of body. These waste are excreted out of the body through the ultrafiltration of N2 waste in blood will restrict the functioning of kidney.

Answer 347

(D) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Hepatic artery is a common blood vessel that supply oxygenated blood to the liver, gastro duodenal artery and pancreas. It arises from the celiac artery and has the following branches hepatic artery, gastroduodenal artery and gastric artery.

Answer 348

(D) [SSC Matric Level 2001] Exp: A person with blood group B can donate blood to B and AB. The transfusion of blood depends on the antigen available on its RBCs surface. AB is a universal acceptor. Blood group were discovered by K. Landsteiner.

Answer 349

(C) [SSC CPO 2007] Exp: HIV (Human Immune Virus) is transmitted by blood transfusion. HIV cause the disease AIDS (Acquired immuno deficiency syndrome) which is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) and affects the immunity of diseased person.

Answer 350

(C) [SSC SO 2001] Exp: Parent Parent Possible blood groups of (A) (B) Children A B A, B, AB, O AB A A, AB AB B B, AB AB O A, B O O O Couple with blood group A and B have the possibilities of having children of all the four blood group.

Answer 351

(D) (CGL - 2016) Exp: Hematopoiesis is the production of all type of blood cells including formation, development and differentiation of blood cells, Hematopoiesis commonly take place in liver, Bone marrow and Yolk sack.

Answer 352

(C) Exp: Polycythemia is situation where the number of RBC's increase in the blood. Polycythemia cause low oxygen level (Hypoxia), so person feel week or fatigued. High RBC count could be due to a number of health conditions or health related factors including smoking, congenital heart disease, hypoxia, pulmonary fibrosis.

Answer 353

(A) [SSC CGL 2016] Exp: Aorta is blood vessels that carry oxygented blood away from the heart toward other tissues and organs to the body. Oxygenated blood is pushed into aorta. Aorta is largest artery in human body.

Answer 354

(D) [SSC CGL 2016] Exp: The colour of the blood is red due to the presence of a protein molecule called as haemoglobin in RBCs. The biconcave RBC contains this heme group which helps is exchange of gases also.

Answer 355

(C) [SSC CGL 2016] Exp: Blood Group was discovered by Karl Landsteiner in 1901. These are four main blood groups - A, B, AB, & O

Answer 356

(D)Exp: Blood group 'O' is a universal donor.Individuals with blood group 'O' do not have antigen A and antigen B on the surface of RBCs present in blood. Blood group 'O' contains antibodies against blood group A and B in the blood serum. Therefore a group 'O' individual can donate blood to all other blood groups and can recieve only from 'O' blood group individual.

Answer 357

(B) [SSC, CGL 2016] Exp: Haemophilia is a genetic disorder of chromosome number 17, where the body is not able to produce clotting factor in blood. Thus a minor wound or cut can lead to the loss of blood and even death. It is also known as Royals or bleeders disease.

Answer 358

(C) [SSC, CGL 2016] Exp: Haemoglobin is globulin, protein, present in RBC. It carries the O2 molecule to the tissues and in exchange gain CO2. Haemoglobin has the affinity towards O2 & CO2 but has highest affinity for the CO and bind CO in form of Carboxyhaemoglobin.

Answer 359

(A) [SSC, CGL 2016] Exp: The rhythmic cycle of heart includes the contraction and relaxation of heart muscles to produce cardiac cycle. During this process contraction of heart muscle is known as systole and relaxation of heart muscle is known as diastole.

Answer 360

(D) [SSC, CGL 2016] Exp: Haemoglobin helps in exchange of gases (O2 and CO2) from the lungs to the tissues.

Answer 361

(B) Exp: Heart receives the Oxygenated blood from the lungs by pulmonary veins. This oxygenated blood is supplied to the whole body through Aorta.

Answer 362

Asn. (D) [SSC Sec. Officer (Audit) 1997] Exp: Lymphocytes are the cells of open circulatory system which makes up the Lymphatic system. The primary function of lymphatic system is to transport lymph to the organs which provide the immunity to the body.

Answer 363

(A) [SSC CGL CGL 2002] Exp: Coagulation is a series of complex reaction by which blood changes from a liquid to gel forming a blood clot. The mechanism of coagulation involves activation and aggression of platelets along with fibrin. Coagulation help in haemostasis and cessation of blood loss.

Answer 364

(A) [SSC CGL 2003] Exp: Leucocytes or WBCs are present in blood. WBCs help in provide the immunity to the body by fighting against the foreign particles and build up resistance against disease.

Answer 365

(D) [SSC CGL 2003] Exp: Heart is the most active organ in the body which never rest throughout the life of human. The first impulse is generated by SA node which results in the contraction and relaxation of cardiac muscle. Heart beats about 3mn times in a lifetime.

Answer 366

(D) [SSC CGL 2005] Exp: Blood pressure is the force exerted by blood on the walls of Arteries. Adrenal is a gland located on kidney. Adrenal gland releases adrenalin and aldosterone which maintains the blood pressure during the emergency situations.

Answer 367

(D) [SSC MTS 2014] Exp: Haemocoel is a body cavity that contains blood or haemolymph. It is a characteristic feature of animals having open circulatory system Eg. Arthropoda and Mollusca.

Answer 368

(C) [SSC Sec. Officer (Audit) 2006] Exp: Blood is comprised of two parts Plasma (55%) and cells (45%) Plasma contain water and proteins. Serum is the part of blood without the platelets. serum includes the proteins, antibodies, antigen, hormones and drugs. It helps in self renewal of embryonic cell.

Answer 369

(D) [SSC CGL 2008] Exp: Blood clotting is a cascade series where Vitamin K is required for the conversion of Prothrombin Injury in blood vessels Platelets formation Release of enzyme thrombokinase Prothrombin Thrombin Fibrinogen Fibrin Formation of clot Vitamin k

Answer 370

(A) [SSC CGL 2008] Exp: Blood groups occurred in the paired form called Allele. Out of the four blood group A, B, AB and O none of these are dominant and none is recessive. Blood group in the offspring is decided on the basis of antigen and sugar appeared on RBC surface. Parents with blood group AB and O will have the offspring's with A & B blood group.

Answer 371

(B) [SSC -I.T.& Central Excise-2008] Exp: An ECG (Electrocardiograph) shows the electrical Activity of heart. ECG shows the polarisation, depolarisation and repolarisation states of heart muscles.

Answer 372

(A) [SSC -I.T.& Central Excise-2008] Exp: The decreased radius of blood vessels will increase his/her blood pressure. The three primary factors that determine the resistance of blood flow are: Vessel diameter, Vessel length and viscosity of blood.

Answer 373

(A) [SSC -I.T.& Central Excise-2009] Exp: Ischemia is a medical condition during which heart and brain muscles does not get enough oxygen. Ischemia usually happen due to shortage of blood and oxygen caused by narrowing or blockage of arteries.

Answer 374

(A) [SSC (South Zone) Investigator 2010] Exp: The surface of erythrocytes contains one or more type of Antigen called Rh factor, It is named after the Macaca rhesus monkey in which Rh factor was first discovered by Landsteiner and Wiener in 1940.

Answer 375

(D) [SSC FCI Asst. Grade-III 2012] Exp: AB blood group is a universal recipient. AB phenotype has antigen A and B on their RBC surface and has no antibodies against blood groups A, B or O, So they can receive blood from any of these types. AB blod group was found by Alfred Castello and Adriano Sturli in 1902.

Answer 376

(A) [SSC C.M.L.- 2000] Exp: Blood pressure is the force exerted on the wall of arteries. When the heart beats, it squeezes and pushes blood through arteries & termed as systolic blood pressure, which is 120 mm/Hg. Diastole is the pressure in the arteries when heart rests between beats. A normal diastolic blood pressure is 80mm/Hg.

Answer 377

(A) [SSC C.M.L.- 2000] Exp: Haemoglobin is a protein present inside RBC. 100 gm of Haemoglobin are present in a litre of Blood. Haemoglobin imparts the red colour to blood and helps in exchange of gases.

Answer 378

(B) [SSC C.M.L.- 2002] Exp: Cold blooded animals are those which can change their body temperature according to the changes in the environment. All the organism belongs to phylum Pisces, Amphibians and Reptiles are cold blooded. Tortoise belongs to class reptilian.

Answer 379

(A) [SSC C.M.L.- 2002] Exp: Erythrocytes or RBCs help in transport of oxygen by blood and supply it to the tissues and org Oxygen is carried by Haemoglobin present in RBC. A single RBC contains approx 250-270 mn Haemoglobin. [Note:- there are approximately 25 trillion RBC in 5lt of blood, which carry upto 25 Sextillion (25×1021) Molecule of oxygen at any time.]

Answer 380

(B) [SSC C.M.L.- 2002] Exp: High blood pressure or Hypertension is a medical condition in which the blood pressure is higher in arteries.

Answer 381

(D) [SSC C.M.L.- 2002] Exp: Hepatic Artery (exp in Q. 39)

Answer 382

(A) [SSC C.M.L.- 2002] Exp: Renal artery is the branch of Abdominal aorta that carry blood to kidney. It enters in the kidney through the helium part.

Answer 383

(A) [SSC C.M.L.- 2002] Exp: Haemoglobin is an important constituent of RBC.

Answer 384

(C) [SSC C.M.L.- 2002] Exp: Haemophilia or Royal's disease or bleeder's disease is a genetic disease. The person who contains the recessive gene for Haemophilia lack of normal clotting substance (thromboplastin) in blood, minor injuries cause continuous bleeding and death of the person due to Haemorrhage.

Answer 385

(B) [SSC C.M.L.- 2002] Exp: Blood is a fluid connective tissue. It connects the body systems by supplying the oxygen, nutrients & hormone. Moreover blood has the same origin as other connective tissues.

Answer 386

(A) [SSC Combined Matric Level 2006] Exp: Pulmonary Artery carry the deoxygenated blood from the heart and supply it to lungs for oxygenation. Pulmonary vein carries the oxygenated blood from lungs to the heart which is further supply to body from the heart through Aorta. [Note:- Arteries normally carries the oxygenated blood and veins carries the deoxygenated blood].

Answer 387

(B) [SSC 2010] Exp: Spleen is an organ present in abdominal part of body. It is a part of lymphatic system and provide immunity to the body. Spleen acts as filter for blood by killing bacteria. The most important function of spleen is recycling of RBC and is known as graveyard of RBC.

Answer 388

(B) [SSC MTS 2011] Exp: The average life span of RBC is 100-120 days. Approximately 2.4 mn new erythrocytes are produced per second in human adults through a process named is erythropoiesis.

Answer 389

(C) [SSC CHSL 2011] Exp: Haemoglobin have the higher affinity for oxygen (O2) than carbon dioxide (CO2), but it has the highest affinity for carbon monoxide (CO). Carbon monoxide is a toxic gas that displaces oxygen and quickly binds to Haemoglobin so very little oxygen is transported through the body cells.

Answer 390

(C) [SSC CGL 2013] Exp: Normal Blood volume in human adult is 5lt. Blood volume can be calculated by hematocrit (the fraction of RBC) and plasma volume. Hypovolemia is a decreased blood volume and Hypervolemia is a increased blood volume.

Answer 391

(B) [SSC CHSL 2013] Exp: Monocyte is the largest WBC or leukocyte present in blood. Monocyte helps in providing innate immune system and adaptive immunity by acting as macrophages.

Answer 392

(D) [SSC CHSL] Exp: Old and worn out RBCs are recycled in the spleen. The average life span of RBC is 120 days, after which they enter in spleen, it filters the blood by removing undesirable substances.

Answer 393

(D) [SSC CHSL 2015] Exp: Blood platelets or thrombocytes are the constituent of blood which helps in clotting of blood. Thrombocytes do not have nucleus (e-nucleated cells), and Haemoglobin. Thrombocytes or blood clot cells are derived from megakaryocytes of bone marrow tissue.

Answer 394

(A) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Superior and inferior vena cavas are the types of veins those collects the deoxygenated blood from body parts and supply it to the auricle or first chamber of heart.

Answer 395

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Warm blooded animals are the animals who have a constant body temperature and cannot regulate their internal temperature according to external enviornment. Birds and Mammals are warm blooded animals. Ape is a warm blooded animal.

Answer 396

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp. Human heart rate is 72 times per minute. In 0.8 sec heart complete one cardiac cycle.

Answer 397

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Cold-blooded animals are those animals who can maintain their internal body temperature according to the external environment. These animals are known as poikilotherms or endotherms. Except aves and mammals class, all are cold-blooded animals.

Answer 398

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Thrombinase is an important enzyme which is helps in formation of blood clotting factor. Thrombinase convert the thromboplastin into thrombin which coagulates the blood during injury or wounds.

Answer 399

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Karl Landsteiner identified the ABO blood group in hum Blood groups are identified on the basis of antigens and antibodies present in blood.

Answer 400

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Vit K is an important blood clotting factor. It converts the glutamic acid protein to form gamma carboxyglutenate residue. which helps in the conversion of prothrombin.

Answer 401

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: 120/80 mm/Hg is the normal blood pressure in human beings. It represent the systolic and diastolic pressure of blood flow in arteries.

Answer 402

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: WBC's (White Blood Corpuscles) are the blood platelets, released from haematopoitic tissues of bone narrow. WBC's helps to fight against infection by forming B and T-lymphocyte cells. WBC's are also known as 'soldiers' of the body.

Answer 403

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: In open circulatory system, there are no blood vessels and organs floats in blood. In Arthropoda, Insecta cateroy have open circulatory system. Eg. Cockroach, Prawn, Spider, Butterfly, Housefly etc.

Answer 404

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Karl Landstiner identified the ABO blood group in 1900.

Answer 405

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Pace maker is termed as artificial electrically charged medical device. It is placed under the skin near heart to manage regular heartbeat called arrhythmias.

Answer 406

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Haemoglobin is a protein present insider the Red Blood corpuscles (RBCs). Haemoglabin is a chain of a and b protein with an iron molecule in centre haemoglobin imparts the red colour to blood and helps in exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Answer 407

(A)Exp: Red blood cells, also known erythrocytes, are the most common type of blood cell and deliver oxygen to the whole body tissue. Blood flow through the circulatory system.

Answer 408

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: pH of blood is slightly Basic that is 7.4. pH is measure as the potential of hydrogen ion.

Answer 409

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: AB+ blood group is universal acceptor. AB+ Blood group for any of the antigens present in the blood plasma.

Answer 410

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Suprior and inferior vena cava carries the impure blood from body to the first chamber of the heart i.e, auricle.

Answer 411

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Human heart is divided into two halves by a fibrous layer called septum. Right half of heart comprised of right auricle and right ventricle. Right half recieves the impure or deoxygenated blood.

Answer 412

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: O- blood group is 'Universal Donor' People with O blood group have both antibldy A and B present in their blood, but have no antigen on the surface of RBC. Due to the absence of antigen, the blood group O is universal donor.

Answer 413

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Electrocardiograph (ECG) it an instrument for the recording of electrical activity of the heart over a period of time. It measure the movement of cardiac muscles which are defined as polarisation, depolarisation and are represented by letters P, Q, R, S and T. ECG was discovered by Willem Einthoven

Answer 414

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: RBCs are formed from the hematopoietic tissues of red bone marrow .Hematopoietic tissues of red bone marrow. Hematopoietic stem cells are derived from mesodermal located in red bone marrow. These are multi potent cells.

Answer 415

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Thrombocytes or platelets are one of the three blood platelets. Thrombocytes are the blood clotting platelets, which releases coagulation factor. Platelets are derived from the megakaryocytes of the bone marrow.

Answer 416

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: A healthy adult man has 5-5.5 million RBC's of blood. RBC's are the platelets present in blood.

Answer 417

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Plasma is a straw coloured liquid component of blood that holds the blood cells in suspension, this makes plasma the extracellular matrix of blood cells. It also serves as the protein reserve of the human body. It makes up about 45% of the body's total blood volume.

Answer 418

(C) [SSC (10+2) 2013] Exp: Nephrons are the structural and functional unit of Excretory system. The function of Excretory system is to eliminate the waste product out of body and maintain the level of salts and glucose in the blood.

Answer 419

(C) [SSC (10+2) 2002] Exp: The primary function of kidney is to eliminate the nitrogenous waste from blood. Kidney helps to:- • Maintain volume of extracellular fluid • Maintain ionic balance • Maintain pH and osmotic concentration of extracellular fluid.

Answer 420

(C) [SSC MTS 2013] Exp: The main excretory products in animals are, ammonia (ammoniotelics), urea (ureotelics), uric acid (uricotelics), and creatinine. Birds (sparrow) excrete their waste as uric acid, it allows less secretion of water from body.

Answer 421

(B) [SSC CPO 2005] Exp: Dehydration is the loss of water from the body. Dehydration can occur due to the excess sweating and urination. Dehydration makes the body deficient in sodium chloride (NaCl).

Answer 422

(C) [SSC Tax Asst. 2009] Exp: Kidney maintain the concentration of urine to be excreted out of the body. Diuretic medicine increase the urine secretion in condition of hypocrisis or oliguria i.e. decreased secretion of urine.

Answer 423

(C) [SSC CHSL (10+2) 2010] Exp: Urine is the excretion of fluid secreted by kidney through a mechanism of reabsoption. Urine has 95% of D. Excretory System water, urea, salts of sodium, chloride, potassium, creatinine and inorganic waste such as Nitrogenous waste. Presence of Albumin is a abnormal situation known as albumaria.

Answer 424

(D) [SSC Steno (Grade C & D), 2012, SSC CGL, 2004] Exp: Ketones are the toxic substances present in the body as a result of fatty acid metabolism by liver. If the body does not get enough glucose for the conversion of fatty acid, then it will result in an increase number of ketone body which will make them detectable in urine. This abnormal increase level of ketone is known as Ketonuria.

Answer 425

(A) [SSC CGL 2015] Exp: Allantois is a sac-like structure filled with amnion and chorion in the developing foetus. It is richly supplied with blood vessels and involves in nutrition and excretion.

Answer 426

(A) [SSC (10+2) 2010] Exp: A pair of kidney on either side of the abdomen are the important organs for the excretion of waste in human body. The structural and functional unit of kidney is Nephron, which works on the principle of reabsorption.

Answer 427

(A) [SSC CHSL 2015] Exp: Hemichordata are the aquatic worms, regarded as the connecting link between chordata and non-chordata. Excretory wastes are filtered through glomerulus or Malphigian tubules.

Answer 428

(C) [SSC MTS 2013] Exp: Fish have the valveless branchial heart. Fish has the two chambered heart with one auricle and one ventricle. Its main function is to pump venous blood to ventral aorta from ventricle.

Answer 429

(A) [SSC (10+2) 2012] Exp: Pasteurisation is a method of heating milk at 72ºC for 15 sec (High temperature, short- time) or 63ºC for 30 min (Low temperature Hightime). Pasteurisation helps in reducing the number of viable pathogens which causesthe disease. It was invented by French scientist Louis Pasteur in 1864.

Answer 430

(C) [SSC Tax Asst. 2006] Exp: Nuclear radiations are emitted by fusion of nuclear particle in nuclear radiation. These reactions are very harmful for skin and may cause the skin cancer.

Answer 431

(D) [SSC CPO 2008] Exp: The reproductive system of birds are made up of two parts: the ovary and the oviduct. The female birds have single ovary which is an adaptive feature for lowering body weight help in flight of birds.

Answer 432

(A) [SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2011] Exp: Adipose tissues stores the fat and present below the skin surface. Adipose tissues stores the energy in the form of lipids. Adipose tissues acts a barrier against heat loss from the body.

Answer 433

(D) [SSC (10 +2), DEO & LDC 2011] Exp: Urochrome or urobilin presence makes the colour of urine as yellow. Urochrome is the end product of haemoglobin protein breakdown, which starts in the bilirubin and biliverdin cells of liver.

Answer 434

(A) [SSC (10 +2), DEO & LDC 2011] Exp: The uterus is a female reproductive organ located between the bladder and the rectum, in the pelvic region. The uterus has three layers. The endometrium, myometrium and perimetrium. The uterus is connected to the fallopian tube, the cervix and vagina.

Answer 435

(C) [SSC (10 +2), DEO&LDC 2010] Exp: Albumin is a protein synthesised by liver. The albumin molecules are large enough and should not be present in urine. Albumin gets trapped in Bowman's capsule of nephron and gets reabsorbed and its presence is abnormal.

Answer 436

(B) [SSC CPO 2005] Exp: Dehydration is due to deficiency of water. Loss of ions particularly sodium and potassium takes place.

Answer 437

(A) [SSC Tax Asst. 2004] Exp: The placenta is an organ attached to the lining of womb. During pregnancy oxygen and nutrients pass from mother's blood to developing foetus through placenta. Towards the end of pregnancy, placenta transfers antibodies from mothers to foetus.

Answer 438

(D) [SSC CGL 2004] Exp: Ketone bodies are the water soluble compounds that are produced as by products when fatty acids are broken down for energy in liver and kidney. They are used as a source of energy in heart and brain. During fasting, these are vital source of energy.

Answer 439

(B) Exp: Excretion is the process in living organism which eliminate the waste matter. Kidney is an excretory organ of the mammals which remove excess and unnecessary material from the body fluids.

Answer 440

(B) Exp: Creatinine is a by product of normal muscle. Contractions or break down product of phosphate in muscles. Creatinine is a chemical waste product in the blood that pass through the kidneys get filtered and eliminate in Urine.

Answer 441

(A) Exp: Excretory organ of cockroach are malphigian tubules. They are present at the junction of the midget and hindgut. Malphigian tubules are fine, yellow coloured and branched bundles lie freely in haemolymph.

Answer 442

(D) Exp: Nephrons are the structural & functional unit of Kidneys. Nephron is segmented into 4 main parts Bowan's capsule, Glomerulus apparatus, tubular part and collecting duct. Around 2 mn Nephrons are present in both kidneys.

Answer 443

(C) Exp: The three main excretory waste product of Animals are - • Ammonia (Ammoniotelics) • Urea (Ureotelic acid) • Uric acid (Uricotelic acid) Carbohydrate is not a waste product instead it is a main source of energy. Correct Answer: Carbohydrates

Answer 444

(B) Exp: Urea is the most common form of Nitrogenous waste in human body fluids. Urea is less toxic than ammonia. So, it can be stored in the body for certain period of time. Urea requires water for its loss.

Answer 445

(A) [SSC -I.T. And Central Excise-2004) Exp: Kidney by the mechanism of ultrafilteration, reabsorption and osmosis maintains the concentration of water and salts. Kidney excrete the excess water, fat and catabolic wastes.

Answer 446

(C) [SSC I.T.- 2005] Exp: Haemodialysis is an artificial method of purifying blood by excreting the nitrogenous waste. A dialysis machine pumps blood out from patient, through cellophane tubes which acts a tubules for artificial kidney and after filtration blood is pump back into the patient. During dialysis heparin is injected into blood to avoid the coagulation of blood outside the body.

Answer 447

(C) [SSC CHSL 2016] Exp: Urea is a nitrogenous waste that has to be removed from the blood. The highest concentration of urea is found in hepatic vein that carries the deoxygenated blood from the liver and pour into inferior vena cava.

Answer 448

(B) [SSC CGL 2016] Exp: Urine is an aqueous solution of greater than 95% water. Other constituents include urea, chloride, sodium, potassium and creatinine with other dissolved ions and inorganic and organic compounds.

Answer 449

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Urine is a form of nitrogenous waste produced after filteration of blood from kidney. Urine is stored in urinary bladder.

Answer 450

(D) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Nitrogenous waste produced by organisms are categorised into three types uric acid, urea and ammonia. Uric acid is released from birds and reptiles. It reduces loss of water from the body and organims are known as 'Uricotelic.'

Answer 451

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Nephrons are the structural and functional unit of excretory system. A pair of kidney on the abdominal side has around 2 mn nephrons. Nephron helps in excreting nitrogenous waste from blood.

Answer 452

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Nephrons are the structural and functional unit of Excretory system. Approximatily 1 million nephrons are present in a single Kidney Nephrons filter the blood and remove nitrogenous waste.

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