op zoo 2 Flashcards

Question

25.The tusk of the elephant is an enormously enlarged- (A) Upper Incisor (B) Upper Canine (C) Lower Canine (D) Lower Incisor

Answer 1

(A) [SSC FCI Exam 2012] Exp: The tusk of elephant are incisors of upper jaw. The incisors of rodents grow throughout life and are worn by gnawing. In cats, incisors are small and help in biting.

Answer 2

(D)Exp: Pneumatic bones are present in birds. Bones are hollow with many air cells. Due to the presence of air spaces bone become lighter, this helps the bird in easy flight.

Answer 3

(A) [SSC SO Exam 2008] Exp: Peacock, Ostrich, Tortoise are the group of animals with no teeth. Peacock and Ostrich belongs to phylum Aves and tortoise belongs to phylum Reptiles. Although reptiles have the teeth but the tortoise is an exception.

Answer 4

(B) [SSC Tax Asst. -2007] Exp: Snakes have around 200-400 vertebral bones with the same number of ribs joining these vertebrae on either side. This structure of skeleton provide the immense flexibility to the snake for movement.

Answer 5

(C) [SSC CGL Exam 2011] Exp: Syrinx is the vocal organ of birds. Sound is produced by vibration of all the membrane tympaniform (the walls of the syrinx), syrinx enables some species of birds to mimic human sound.

Answer 6

(D) [SSC (10+2) Exam 2010] Exp: Cartilaginous fishes or Chondrichthyes appeared on Earth almost 450 millions years ago. They lack true bones and have endoskeleton made up of cartilages. Only their teeth and sometimes their vertebrae are calcified, which are different from true bones.

Answer 7

(D) [SSC CGL Exam 2007] Exp: Silver fish are nocturnal, wingless insects. These insects lacks any additional appendages and has no skeleton at all. They move in a wiggling motion like that of fish. [Note: Scientific Name of silver fish- Lepisma Saccharina]

Answer 8

(A) [SSC CPO Exam 2007] Exp: Camels feet are wide so they can walk on sand more easily. Flat and wide foot decrease the pressure on sand by increasing the surface area of contact which prevent them sinking into it. So, camel is also called as Plane of desert.

Answer 9

(C) [SSC SO Exam 2005] Exp: Taenia solium is an endoparasitic worm, belongs to phylum Platyhelminthes. Taenia solium completes its life cycle by passing through pigs as intermediate hosts and residing in intestine of humans, as definitive hosts.

Answer 10

(B) [SSC CGL Exam 2005] Exp: Sweat glands help in thermo regulation by reducing the body temperature. Sweat glands also help in maintaining the concentration of electrolytes sodium and chloride. Sweat glands act as exocrine gland and also known as sudoriferous glands.

Answer 11

(C) [SSC CPO Exam 2003] Exp: Crabs belong to category crustaceans of phylum Arthropoda. Crabs can live in oceans, fresh water and on land. The body is covered with thick exoskeleton with four pair or eight legs.

Answer 12

(C) Exp: Wisdom teeth are officially known as third molar, which errupted between the age of 17-25 years, when the person gains maturity and wisdom.

Answer 13

(D) [SSC CISF Exam 2011] Exp: Plaster of Paris is a hard white substance made by the addition of water to powered and partly dehydrated gypsum. It is used for holding broken bones.

Answer 14

(B)Exp: Human beings are diphodont with two successive sets of teeth initially the deciduous and later permanent. Deciduous teeth are 20 in numbers and also known as milk teeth or temporary teeth. These 20 deciduous teeth are replaced by permanent teeth.

Answer 15

(A) [SSC MTS Exam, 2011) Exp: Human skeleton is made up of about 300-350 bones at the time of birth, but at adulthood, there are 206 bones present in body. This is because some bones get fused together. All bones of human skeleton can be categorised into axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton. The six major function of human skeleton are support movement, protection, production of blood cells, storage of ion and Endocrine regulation.

Answer 16

(C) [SSC CGL Exam 2011] Exp: Femur or thigh bone is the longest, heaviest & strongest bone of the human skeleton. It extends from hip to the knee. Main function of femur is to transmit forces from tibia to hip joint.

Answer 17

(C) [SSC Matric Level Exam 2006] Exp: Molars are not the part of milk teeth in childrens. Molars are the most posterior and complex type of teeth. Their primary function is to grind food during chewing.

Answer 18

(A) [SSC Matric Level Exam 2006] Exp: Tooth enamel is the hardest part of the human body. It covers the crown of the tooth sides. Four major tissues in teeth formation are dentin, cementum, dental pulp and enamel. Tooth enamel protects the tooth from degradation by acids, foods and drinks.

Answer 19

(D) [SSC SO Exam 2003] Exp: Vertebral in human skeleton is a part of Axial skeleton. There are total 33 bones present in human vertebrae.

Answer 20

(B) [SSC CPO Exam 2003] Exp: The longest and strongest bone of human body is Femur or thigh bone. It can bear the pressure of about 1500-2300 pound. The bone joint hip and knees. This is the only bone in thigh region of human.

Answer 21

(B) [SSC Matric Level Exam 2003] Exp: Hinge joints are a class of synovial joint that includes ankle, elbow and knee joints. Hinge joints are formed between two or more bones where the bones can only move along one axis to other extended axis.

Answer 22

(B) [SSC Matric Level Exam 2002] Exp: Enamel is the hardest substance in the human body. It covers the crown of teeth. It protects the teeth against degradation.

Answer 23

(A) [SSC Matric Level Exam 2002] Exp: The femur or thigh bone is the strongest bone in the body. It is the hardest bone and can bear up to 1500- 2400 pound load/ pressure

Answer 24

(D) [SSC Matric Level Exam 2002] Exp: Adult humans have 12 molar teeth. Mammals have 4 kinds of teeth: incisors (i) canines (C), premolars (PM) and molars (M). These teeths are arranged in 4 sets with a dental formula = 2I.1C.2PM.3M 2I.1C.2PM.3M 2× The teeth are present in maxilla and mandible jaw.

Answer 25

(C) [SSC Matric Level -2001] Exp: There are total 6 bones present in both ears of human beings. The ear bone has three sections Malleus, incus and stapes, joined together to form ossicles. Stapes is the smallest bone in human boby.

Answer 26

(C) Exp: Connective tissues are connect to system by collagenous fibrous that vary only in their density and cellularity. Tendon connects a muscle to bones, and ligament connect bone to bone.

Answer 27

(B) Exp: The hardest part of the body is tooth enamel. It covers the crown of tooth sides. Enamel contains the highest percentage of minerals (96%) with water and organic material. The primary mineral is hydroxyl apatite which is a crystalline calcium phosphate.

Answer 28

(A) Exp: There are four types of teeth present in hum There teeth are named as incisors, canines, premolars and molars. These are present in 4 equal set in maxilla and mandibles jaw.

Answer 29

(A) (SSC Sec. Offier 1997) Exp: Bones and teeth are made of Tricalcium phosphate bones and teeths are made of calcium and phosphate which together form the salts of Tricarboxylic phosphate [Ca3(Po4) 2]. It is also referred as calcium orthophosphate.

Answer 30

(C) (SSC CGL 2008) Exp: Sweat glands in mammals are primarily concerned with process that allows body to maintain its core internal temperature and maintain homeostasis.

Answer 31

(C) (SSC Tax Assistant 2009) Exp: Deficiency of Vitamin D or Cholocalciferol cause the deficiency disease named as rickets and osteomalacia. Rickets leads to bone deformation i.e. bent in the limbs of childrens.

Answer 32

(D) (SSC FCI 2012) Exp: The skeleton of birds consists of very light weighted bones, with large air filled cavities called pneumatic cavities. These bones makes the body of birds lighter and helps of flight for longer distance

Answer 33

"(C) (SSC CML-1999) Exp: ""Sodium pump"" operates in nerve impulse. The mechanism is the transmission of neuron singal by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. When the neurotransmitter travels through never the sodium and potassium ion exchange their position through the ionic gates or channals."

Answer 34

(A) (SSC CML-1997) Exp: Enamel covers the crown of the tooth area. Enamel does not contain collagen but contain two unique classes of proteins- amelogenens and enamelins.

Answer 35

(A) (SSC 10+2 -2010) Exp: Skeletal muscles have the muscle bundle made up of contractile proteins actin and myosin. Actin and myosin are arranged parallely and their movement generate the ATP for muscles contraction and relaxation.

Answer 36

(A) (SSC Stenographer 2011) Exp: Ostecoytes are the bone cells. Ostecoytes reside inside spaces called lacunae. Ostecocytes/osteoblasts develope in mesenchyma.

Answer 37

(A) (SSC Sec. Offier 2011) Exp: Fats are deposited in adipose tissues and lie beneath the layer of skin and org Adipose are loose connective tissues and acts as a subcutaneous layer, providing insulation from heat and cold.

Answer 38

(C) (SSC 10+2 -2011) Exp: Keratin is a fibrous structural proteins keratin protects the epithelial cells from damage and stress. Nails, hoofs and horns are made of - keratin. The b kertains is harder and are found only in living reptiles and birds. They form the shells, feathers, beaks and claws of the birds.

Answer 39

(D) (SSC (10+2) -2012) Exp: Protochordata or acraniata are the invertebrates belongs to phylum chordate and non vertebrate Organism have, a rod -like structure called notochord, which provided skeletal to the body. Have the paired pharyngeal gell slits for circulation of water. past- B-anal tail is present. Jaw is not present the phylum is divided into urochordata and cephalochordata. Eg, Balanoglosssus Herdmania and Amphioxus.

Answer 40

(D) (SSC DPSI 2012) Exp: Melanin is a complex polymer derived from amino acid tyrosine. Melanin is responsible for determining skin and hair colour skin cells have Melanocyte cell which produce melanin in the body.

Answer 41

(B) (SSC Multi-Tasking Staff 2013) Exp: Wings of a bird and an insects are analogous org Analogous organs are those organs whose structural and embryological derivation is different but the function they perform is same.

Answer 42

(B) (SSC Constable 2013) Exp: Mosquito belongs to phylum Arthropoda and category insect. Arthropoda has the characteristic features which includes the three pairs of legs, A pair of antennae and wings.

Answer 43

(A) (SSC CGL 2013) Exp: Teeth and bones are made of calcium and phosphorous. Calcium provides the strengthening and rigidity to teeth and bones. Vitamin D helps in absorption of Calcium.

Answer 44

(C) (SSC CGL 2013) Exp: Tail found in shark is Heterocercal caudal fins. The tail of shark consists of the caudal peduncle and the caudal fin. This type of tail provided the main source of thrust for the shark.

Answer 45

(B) (SSC MTS-2014) Exp: Ossification is the process of formation of new bone by cells called osteoblosts. Ossification test is based on the fusion of joints in the human body.

Answer 46

(A) (SSC CGL 2015) Exp: Wings of a birds and insects have the coating of waxes which helps in resistance of water and easy flight of birds and insects.

Answer 47

(D) (SSC CGL 2015) Exp: Muscle helps in conversion of lactic acid into ATP during the respiration process. Muscle fatigue refers to the decline in muscle force generated over time. Glycogen is an intramuscular storage form of glucose, after generating energy it produce lactic acid as a metabolic byproduct.

Answer 48

(B) (SSC CHSL 2015) Exp: Approximate number of skeletal muscle in human body are 700. Muscles joins with bones to provide flexibility and movement. Tendon helps to attach the muscles to a bone.

Answer 49

(B) (SSC CHSL 2015) Exp: Fluoride helps in dental health by strengthening the teeth enamel. Making it more resistant to tooth decay. Flouride reduces the amount of acids produce by bacteria.

Answer 50

(C) (SSC CPO SI, ASI 2016) Exp: Pyria is a severe teeth disease, which damages teeth and gums and generate foul smell from the breathing of the person suffering from the disease. Symptoms of Pyria resultant in bleeding, swelling, foul smell from teeth.

Answer 51

(A) (SSC CPO SI, ASI 2016) Exp: Sartorius muscle is the longest muscle in human body. It runs from the anterior superior iliac spine to the proximal tibia of thigh bone. It helps in the rotation of thigh and knee.

Answer 52

(C) (SSC CGL 2016) Exp: Fluoride although helps in strengthing of tooth enamel and prevents tooth decay but excess level of fluorides in water causes the mottling of the dental enamel. i.e. irregular spots or marks.

Answer 53

(B)Exp: Ball and socket joint are special class of synovial joints. Due to their structure it posess the easy motion of skeletal. Hip joint and pectoral girdle are the types of Ball and socket joint. They are also known as 'spheroidal joints'.

Answer 54

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Femur or thigh bone is the largest and strongest bone in human body. It connects with the pelvic bone in upper part and tibia and fibula in knee region.

Answer 55

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Stapes bone is present in ears. The ear ossicles of middle ear is comprises of three bones named as stapes, malleus and lncus. Stapes is the smallest bone of human body.

Answer 56

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Ligaments are the connective tissues which connects two bones together. It helps in easy movement of bones

Answer 57

(A) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Tendons are the types of fibrous connective tissues. Tendons connects the msucle to bones. Tendons are made up of collagen.

Answer 58

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Cardiac muscle are the type of muscular connective tissues. There are four different types of connective tissues present in animals. They are named as epithelial tissues, connective tissues, muscular tissues and nervous tissues.

Answer 59

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Femur (thigh bone) is the longest and strongest bone in the human body. Femur connects the pelvic girdle to the patella or knee cap. Femur have the bone marrow tissue on the upper part.

Answer 60

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: There are total 12 pairs of ribs present in human body. These ribs are divided into two types, true ribs or fixed rib are first seven pairs attaches to the sternum directly and other five are known as false ribs.

Answer 61

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Human brain is divided into three types fore brain, mid brain and hind brain. The largest part of the brain is fore brain. Brain recieves the maximum amount of blood and oxygen.

Answer 62

(A) [SSC CHSL 2011] Exp: Adrenal is a hormone secreting gland present on the upper & outer part of kidney and is divided into adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla. Adrenal gland releases thirty hormones, including androgen, estrogen, corticostatin etc.

Answer 63

(D) [SSC (10+2) 2013] Exp: Lactation hormone release from the pituitary gland. It activate the mammary gland for the secretion of milk. The mechanism starts from hypothalamus, which signals the posterior pituitary gland to produce oxytocin.

Answer 64

(B) [SSC CGL 2010, SSC MTS 2002] Exp: Pitutary is the smallest gland of human endocrine system found in the base of brain. Pituitary is divided into two types anterior pituitary or adenohypophysis and posterior pituitary or neurohyphysis.

Answer 65

(D) [SSC CGL 2002, SSC MTS 2006] Exp: Hypothalamus is the of part fore brain hypothalamus connects the nervous system to the endocrine system by pituitary gland. Hypothalamus regulate the body temperature or thermoregulation. Hypothalamus controls the hunger, thirst and sexual arousal.

Answer 66

(D) [SSC LDC 2005] Exp: Same as above

Answer 67

(A) [SSC CHSL (10+2) 2013] Exp: Hypothalamus is responsible for the involuntary and regulation of metabolic processes. It releases hypothalamic hormone and controls body temperature, hunger, thirst, fatigue, sleep and circadian rhythms.

Answer 68

(A) [SSC CHSL 2013] Exp: Pitutary is an endocrine gland. It is a pea sized gland protected in bony enclosure called the sella turcica. Hormones secreted from pituitary gland helps in controlling growth, blood pressure, function of sex organ, thyroid gland, water/salt concentration of kidney temperature regulation & pain relief.

Answer 69

(C) [SSC Steno 2010] Exp: Pancreas is largest heterocrine gland and are known heterocrine because they act as both exocrine and endocrine gland. It acts as endocrine gland by producing several hormones in blood such as Insulin, glucagon and somatostation. It act as exocrine by releasing digestive enzymes.

Answer 70

(B) [SSC Steno 2014] Exp: Liver is a large bilobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates. It is the largest gland found in mammals and involved in many metabolic processes. It is the only organ in human body which can increase its size upto three times.

Answer 71

(C) [SSC Steno (Grade D) 2005] Exp: Liver is the largest gland found in human body. It helps in regulation of glycogen, secrete the bile juice from gall bladder which helps in emulsification of fats and detoxification.

Answer 72

(A) [SSC CGL 2011] Exp: Thyroid is the largest endocrine gland. Thyroid is present in upper part of larynx in neck. It is a shield shaped, bilobed structure. Thyroid controls the body metabolic rate (BMR) and protein synthesis.

Answer 73

(B)Exp: Thyroid gland is found in Larynx region of neck. Thyroid gland is stimulated by thyroid stimulation hormone (TSH) released from pitutary gland and release thyroid hormones such as triodothyroxine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4).

Answer 74

(A) [SSC MTS 2014] Exp: In salt iodine, sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium iodide are added, which maintain the proper functioning of thyroid gland. Due to deficiency of Iodine Goiter disease occur in body.

Answer 75

(D) [SSC CGL 2014] Exp: Pleiotropic effect is 'one gene many effect'. When one gene or allele controls more than one character. For eg., skin colour and blood groups.

Answer 76

(A) [SSC MTS 2011] Exp: Insulin was discovered by Bating and Best in 1932. Insulin is a glucose controlling hormone secreted from Beta cells of Pancreas.

Answer 77

(B) [SSC CGL 2013] Exp: Oxytocin is a hormone, which act in form of protein. Oxytocin is also known as pregnancy and delivery hormone released from posterior pituitary.Oxytocin was discovered by Henry Dale in 1906.

Answer 78

(C) [SSC Tax Asst 2009] Exp: Pheromones are the chemical substances produced and released into the environment by an animal, to attract its own species. These chemical messenger affects the nervous system, hormonal system, inflammatory and immune system.

Answer 79

(C) [SSC CPO 2011, SSC MTS 2011] Exp: Adrenal cortex in human body is related to excitement of body. Adrenal gland is located on the upper part of kidney. Adrenal gland releases adrenalin hormone, steroids aldosterone and cortical hormone. Adrenal gland is also known as emergency gland.

Answer 80

(C) [SSC Tax Asst. 2006] Exp: Adrenaline released from Adrenal gland, it is secreted during excitement and releases mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoid and androgens. Adrenal gland is also known as emergency gland.

Answer 81

(C) [SSC CGL 2014] Exp: Testosterone is a male sex hormone. Testosterone plays an important role in development of male reproductive tissues such as testis and prostate and development of secondary sexual characters.

Answer 82

(A) [SSC CGL 2015] Exp: Adrenaline is known as emergency hormone because it prepares the body for fear, flight and fright, response in times of stress i.e. for vigorous and sudden action.

Answer 83

(A) [SSC CGL 2014] Exp: Corpus luteum is the resultant of secondary follicle generated after the formation of ovum in ovaries of female. After the ovulation (releasing of eggs), the degeneration of corpus luteum results in secretion of progesteron.

Answer 84

(B) [SSC MTS 2014] Exp: Pityitary gland is also called as 'Growth hormone' (GH) or somatotropin. GH is a peptide hormone it stimulates growth, cell reproduction and cell regeneration. Protein encoded by Growth Hormone plays an important role in growth control.

Answer 85

(B) [SSC (10+2) 2012] Exp: Hyperthyroidism or hyper secretion of thyroid leads to a disease called Graves diseases. It is an autoimmune disease results in enlarged goitre. Symptoms include muscle weakness, sleeping disorder, fast heart beat and weight loss. Graves disease also known as toxic diffuse goitre.

Answer 86

(C) [SSC (10+2) 2012] Exp: Pepsin is a digestive enzyme which helps in degradation of proteins in stomach. Enzyme pepsin is released from main cells of stomach.

Answer 87

(C) [SSC CGL 2008] Exp: Receptor or sense gland is related to temperature regulation. Receptors are the group of specialised cells. These receptors helps in detecting the environmental change.

Answer 88

(D) [SSC CPO 2012] Exp: Adam's apple is related to the deepening of the voice. During adolescent stage the thyroid cartilage grows together with larynx. Thyroid cartilage grow in size in males.

Answer 89

(C) [SSC CGL 2013] Exp: Menstrual cycle is a series of natural process that occurs in female reproductive system. At the time of female ovaries has 80,000 egg, which are released after puberty. Due to hormonal changes every month ovaries releases around 8 to 10 Egg out of which only single egg get matured and released for the fertilisation by a process called ovulation .If the ovum (egg) get fertilised, it results into zygote, if not, then unfertilised egg with blood released out of the uterus, by the process called menstrual cycle.

Answer 90

(D) [SSC MTS 2006, SSC FCI 2012] Exp: Iodine is an important mineral nutrient required for the proper functioning of Thyroid gland. Deficiency of Iodine causes goitre disease in which thyroid gland enlarged in size and results into improper functioning.

Answer 91

(B) [SSC (10+2) 2011] Exp: Goitre occurs due to deficiency of iodine in this thyroid gland enlarged in size, which cause swollen of neck. The recovery of iodine deficiency occurs after intake of iodine salt, fish and green and leafy vegetable.

Answer 92

(C) [SSC Tax Asst. 2006] Exp: If the body is getting enough iodine then there is no requirement of consumption of iodised salt Iodine is a vital micronutrient required by Human body. Deficiency of Iodine cause goitre.

Answer 93

(A) [SSC CPO 2007, SSC MTS 2002] Exp: Pigment melanin gives colour to skin and hair. Melanin is produced by pituitary gland named as Melancyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH). The different forms of MSH belongs to a group called the melanocortins.

Answer 94

(C) [SSC CHSL (10+2) 2012] Exp: Adreno Cortico Tropic Hormone (ACTH), is released from pituitary gland. Its principal effects are release of corticosol from adrenal gland.

Answer 95

(A) [SSC MTS 2014] Exp: Diabetes mellitus is a condition of high blood sugar level. Insulin secreated from Beta cells of pancreas which controls the blood sugar level.

Answer 96

(D) [SSC CGL 2011] Exp: Echolocation works in similar way as sonar. Bat make noise as they fly and listen to the returning echoes to build up a sonic map of their surrounding. Individual bat species can echolocate within specific frequency range that suit their environment and prey types.

Answer 97

(C) [SSC Steno. 2011] Exp: Swimbladder or air bladder are absent in cartilagenous fishes. These fishes are mostly found in benthic regions of water bodies.

Answer 98

(C) [SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2011] Exp: Hermaphrodite animals are those animals in which the single organism produces both egg and sperm i.e., female and male reproductive organ. Earthworms belongs to phylum annelida is a hermaphrodite animals and shows the cross fertilisation.

Answer 99

(A) [SSC Steno. 2011] Exp: Pigeon milk is secreted by the crop of parent bird where the regurgitation of grains and mixing of saliva with other enzymes takes place. Crop represents the thin-walled expanded portion of alimentary tract used for storage of food prior to digestion.

Answer 100

(C) [SSC CGL 2008] Exp: Sweat gland in mammals helps in thermoregulation. Thermoregulation helps in maintaining the body temperature by excreting the electrolytes & water.

Answer 101

(C) [SSC CGL 2004] Exp: Antigen are the foreign agents such as viruses or bacteria that stimulates the antibodies generation. Antigen induce the immune system. Antigen binds to specific site on antibodies.

Answer 102

(B) [SSC CGL 2013] Exp: Large intestine is divided into three segments ceacum, colon and rectum. The colon further has three parts tranverse colon, ascending colon and descending colon. Sigmoid colon is the S-shaped region of colon near rectum and anus.

Answer 103

(A) [SSC (10 +2), DEO & LDC 2011] Exp: Sex hormone or sex steroid are produced by gonads ovaries and testis as oestrogen and testosterone. Sex hormone is released from adrenal gland as androgen. Sex hormones helps in development of primary and secondary sexual character.

Answer 104

(C) [SSC MTS 2011] Exp: The liver is the largest glandular organ of the body and perform many vital function to keep the body devoid of toxins and harmful substances. It is a vital organ that support almost every organ in the body. Without a healthy liver a person cannot complete its metobolic activities.

Answer 105

(C) [SSC (10 +2), DEO & LDC 2011] Exp: Pituitary gland or hypophysis is the smallest endocrine gland in human body. Pituitary gland is located below hypothalamus at the base the brain. It is the peasized gland weighing 0.5 gm. Pituitary gland is also known as master gland.

Answer 106

(D) [SSC CISF.ASI 2011] Exp: Retinaldehyde or Retinene is a purple pigment which is fundamental pigment in the transduction of light into visual signals at the photoreceptor level of the retina.

Answer 107

(A) [SSC (10 +2), 2006] Exp: Kindney are the pairs of excretory organs located in the abdomen. Kidney helps in excretion of nitrogenous waste and functions to maintain the osmotic balance and concentration of salts.

Answer 108

(B) [SSC CGL 2010] Exp: Pituitary gland is a pea-shaped gland, present just below the brain and behind the bridge of nose. Pituitary gland release various hormones like growth hormone and sex stimulating hormone.

Answer 109

(B) [SSC CISF 2010] Exp: The eye colour depends on the amount of pigment found in Iris. Iris consists of two layer, the front pigmented fibro vascular and pigmented epithelial cells. The iris is strongly pigmented with colour like blue, green, brown etc.

Answer 110

(B) [SSC Steno. 2010] Exp: Enzymes are the proteins. All enzymes are biocatalyst which enhance the chemical reactions. Enzymes increase the reaction rate by lowering its activation energy. Activity of enzymes depends on temperature, pH and substrate.

Answer 111

(C) [SSC Steno. 2010] Exp: Pancreas are the largest heterocrine gland. Pancreas acts as both exocrine and endocrine gland and are located in the abdominal cavity.

Answer 112

(C) [SSC Tax Asst. 2009] Exp: A Diuretic is any substance that promote the production of urine. This includes forced Diuresis. There are several categories of Diuretics. The antidiuretic such as vasopressin is an agent or drug which reduce the excretion of water in urine and vasodilator which dilates the blood vessels and increase the secretion of urine by increasing the blood pressure.

Answer 113

(C) [SSC Tax Asst. 2009] Exp: The pheromones are specialised hormones secreted mostly lower organisms to attract the member of same species. The ants and cockroaches shows the best Example in this regard. Sometimes it released by some fungi as well.

Answer 114

(A) [SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2008] Exp: Enzyme diastase is released by salivary gland and it initiate the breakdown of starch into maltose. Diastase was the first enzyme to be discovered. It was extracted from malt solution in 1833 by Anselme Payen and Jean-Francois Persoz.

Answer 115

(A) [SSC CPO 2008, Matric Level 2002] Exp: Blood pressure is controlled by Adrenal gland or suprarenal gland. The adrenal gland produces aldosterone, a mineralo-corticoid, which is important in salt balance, blood volume and regulation of blood pressure.

Answer 116

(C) [SSC CPO 2008, -2001] Exp: Vitamin-E or Tocopherol is fat-soluble antioxidant hormone which is involved in immune function. VitaminE protects the cells from the damaging effects of free radicals. It also helps in normal activity of sex glands or sex hormones.

Answer 117

(C) [SSC SO 2005] Exp: Bacteria are prokaryotic, unicellular organisms which do not have hormones like vertebrates. Bacterias are the first to appear on earth.

Answer 118

(D) [SSC CPO 2008] Exp: Melanin is a natural substance secreted by, melanocyte stimulation hormone (MSH) form pituitary gland, Melanin is the primary determinant of skin colour in human. Three basic types of melanin are eumelanin, pheomelanin and neuromelanin.

Answer 119

(C) [SSC CGL 2007] Exp: Saliva is secreted from salivary gland. Saliva is composed of several components including amylase, which helps in breakdown of starch into maltose and glucose. Amylase helps in digestion of Carbohydrate.

Answer 120

(A) [SSC Tax Asst. 2007] Exp: Liver is the large glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates. The liver is the largest gland of body, weight around 3.2-3.7 pound. Liver does not secrete any enzyme rather it stores the bile juice secreted from bilirubin and biliverdin cells in gall bladder.

Answer 121

(C) [SSC Matric Level 2006] Exp: Trypsin, is an enzyme secreted from pancreas. It helps in the breakdown of protein to synthesis amino acid. Trypsin breaks the peptide bond.

Answer 122

(B) [SSC Matric Level 2006] Exp: Insulin is a peptide hormone secreted from Beta cells of pancreas. Insulin is a molecular compound comprises of two alpha and two Beta chains with zinc in centre. Insulin helps to maintain the glucose concentration in blood.

Answer 123

(B) [SSC SI 2006] Exp: Hypothalamus is the region of the brain that controls an immense number of body functions. It is located in the middle of the base of the brain and encapsulate the ventral portion of the third ventricle. The pituitary gland is situated just beneath the Hypothalamus.

Answer 124

(C) [SSC Tax Asst. 2006, SSC CPO 2005] Exp: Adrenalin secreted from adrnal gland is an emergency hormone. Adrenalin is responsible for various metabolic rate like heart rate, pulse rate, blood pressure, blood glucose level. Adrenalin controls the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.

Answer 125

(C) [SSC SI 2005] Exp: Iris is highly pigmented with the colour typically ranging from brown, blue or black eyes. Colour of eye is a phenotypic trait and is determined by two factors pigmentation of Iris and scattering of light in stroma of iris.

Answer 126

(C) [SSC CGL 2005] Exp: Lymphatic system is a circulatory system in which blood plasma ooze into tissues through the thin walls of the capillaries. Blood plasma contains oxygen, glucose, amino acid and nutrients needed by tissue cells.

Answer 127

(C) [SSC CGL 2005] Exp: Keratin is the protein fibrils structure, it protects the epithelial cells from damage. Structurally Keratin is of two types -Keratin and -Keratin. Alpha Keratin forms the hair, horns, nails, claws and hooves.

Answer 128

(B) [SSC Tax Asst. 2005] Exp: Parthenogenesis is the development of embryo without fertilisation. It is a type of asexual reproduction. Particularly common amongst arthropods and rotifers.

Answer 129

(A) [SSC CPO 2005] Exp: Sea sickness is a form of motion sickness characterised by a feeling of Nausea and in extreme cases vertigo spending time on a craft on water. It is due to cristae and macula of internal ear which are concerned with balance and endolymph of cochlea.

Answer 130

(C) [SSC Tax Asst. 2004] Exp: Conjuctiva is the inner surface of eylids and outer surface of the eyeball. Conjuctive is composed of stratified squamous epithelial and stratified columnar epithelial cells. Conjuctive helps in lubricating the eye by producing mucus and tear.

Answer 131

(C) [SSC Tax Asst. 2004] Exp: Pitutary is referred to the master gland because it control all the other six glands like adrenal, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid and gonads. It controls the secretion of other glands.

Answer 132

(C) [SSC CPO 2003] Exp: Ovaries are the part of female reproductive organ, located on either side of abdomen. Ovaries helps in maturation of ovum (egg) and secretion of estrogen and progesterone.

Answer 133

(D) [SSC CGL 2003] Exp: Hypothalamus is the centre located in the brain. It is the part of Fore Brain Hypothalamus is centre of thirst, food and sexual arousal. Hypothalamus regulate the body temperature.

Answer 134

(B) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Pineal gland is situated in the brain. The pineal gland produces melatonin a serotonin derived hormone which modulates sleep patterns in both circadian rhythm.

Answer 135

(A) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Pituitary gland which is located at the centre of the skull, just behind the bridge of the nose. It is about the size of the pea. It is a connecting point between nervous system and endocrine system of the body. As it control various other glands, it is known as 'Master gland'.

Answer 136

(C) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Development of mammary gland is the secondary sexual characteristics and it matures at the time of puberty. Hormones estrogen and progesterone control and stimulate the growth of mammary gland.

Answer 137

(A) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Pleural membrane is a fluid filled double layered wall. It protects the lungs during exhalation and inhalation in respiration.

Answer 138

(A) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: The parietal or oxyntic cells present in epithelial cell secrete hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid performs two functions • Conversion of pepsin from pepsinogen • To kill the microbes present in food.

Answer 139

(D) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Liver stores the glycogen. Glycogen is a polysaccharide unit, which is stored and converted into glucose and made accessible to the other organs by the process called glycogenolysis.

Answer 140

(A) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Gall bladder is a small organ where bile is stored before it released into the small intestine. Humans can live normal without a gall bladder. The surgical removal of gall bladder is called as cholecystoctomy.

Answer 141

(D) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Insulin is secreated from Beta cells of pancreas located in islets of Langerh Pancreas have three different types of cells i.e. Beta, alpha and gamma. Alpha cells releases glycogen and gamma cells releases somatostatin.

Answer 142

(B) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Stomach is not a gland, it is the broadest part of alimentary canal in Human beings stomach helps in digestion of food and secretion of Hydrochloric acid

Answer 143

(C) [SSC Matric Level 2000] Exp: Metabolism is a chemical process in which either the synthesis or breakdown of molecules takes place by the help of enzymes or catalyst. Metabolism is categorized into two type catabolic and anabolic.

Answer 144

(C) [SSC (10 +2), DEO & LDC 2011, 2008] Exp: Nephron is structural and functional unit of kidney its main function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like salt and glucose. Nephrons are divided into four main parts called as Glomerulus, Bowan's capsule, tubules and collecting duct.

Answer 145

(B) [SSC SO 2006] Exp: Antibiotics are medicines that inhibits the growth or destroy microorganism. Antibiotics are prepared form the micro organisms especially by bacteria. The first antibiolic. Penicillin was prepared form bacteria Pencilium notatum.

Answer 146

(D) [SSC Steno. 2011] Exp: Allosomes are sex chromosomes present in Human beings. The total 23 pairs of chromosomes are divided into two groups i.e. Autosome and Allosomes represents X and Y chromosome in males and X-chromosomes in females.

Answer 147

(B) [SSC SI 2010, CPO 2006] Exp: The total number of chromosomes present in normal human beings are 46 in diploid stage. Out of which 22 pairs of chromosome are know as autosome and 23rd pair is known a Allosome.

Answer 148

(A) [SSC CGL 2002] Exp: Amniocentesis is a medical test that is done during the pregnancy period. It helps to determine birth defects due the chromosomal aberrations Amniocentesis test includes the amniotic fluid.

Answer 149

(D) Exp: Insulin is a hormone that control the glucose concentration in blood. Insulin is produce by islets of Langerhans cells of pancreas.

Answer 150

(A) Exp: Thyroxin is a hormone that stimulates the heart beat which is secreted by Thyroid gland.

Answer 151

(C) Exp: Adrenaline is a hormone secreted by adrenal medulla during stress. This is called as emergency hormone because it initiate quick reaction and increase metabolic rate. Adrenalene hormone also increase fat metabolism thereby synthesizing more energy

Answer 152

(D) Exp: Pancreas is the second largest gland of Human body of about 15cm in length. Pancreas are termed as heterocrine gland i.e. it acts as both exocrine (secretes digestive enzymes) and endocrine (recreates hormones) gland.

Answer 153

(C) Exp: Enzymes Trypsin is released from pancreas and small intestine. The Trypsinogen present in small intestine is converted into trypsin, by a process refers as trypsin proteolysis. Trypsin help is breakdown of proteins into peptides.

Answer 154

(A) (SSC CGL 2002) Exp: Thyroid is a shield shaped endocrine gland present in the neck region. Thyroid gland releases thyroxin hormone, which helps in overall development of body. Deficiency of iodine cause the disease goitre in which thyroid gland get swelled up and cause the malfunctioning of thyroid glands.

Answer 155

(D) (SSC Tax Assistant 2004) Exp: Urease was the first enzyme isolated in pure crystalline from in 1926. James B. Summer showed that urease is hydrolysis urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia.

Answer 156

(A) (SSCCombined Matric Level 2000) Exp: Virus are the microorganism, infectious agent. Viruses infect the living cells by multiplying its single stranded genetic strand in host cells. D. Ivanovsky discovered the virus in 1892.

Answer 157

(C) (SSC CML- 2006) Exp: Molars are the three posterior most teeth present in jaw of 3-4 years child. Molars help in chewing and mastigation of food.

Answer 158

(C) (SSC Multi-Tasking 2011) Exp: Bile is a yellowish-green fluid secreted from bilirubin and biliverdin cells of liver. It is stored in gall bladder and secreted from liver through bile duct.

Answer 159

(C) (SSC (10+2) -2011) Exp: Pituitary gland is the smallest endocrine gland about the size of a pea weighing 0.5 gm in human. Pituitary regulates several physiological processes, hormones and controls the activity other hormones.

Answer 160

(A) (SSC (10+2) -2012) Exp: Liver is the largest endocrine gland, main functions of liver. • Secretion of bile juice • Conversion of glycogen into glucose • Detoxification and purification of blood.

Answer 161

(D) (SSC DPSI 2012) Exp: Spleen in not an endocrine gland, spleen is an abdominal organ which involved in the production and removal of blood cells and forms the part of the immune system.

Answer 162

(B) (SSC CGL 2013) Exp: Hormones are released from endocrine gland and function for specific purpose at the target site. Oxytocin is a protein derivative hormone oxytocin functions as birth and sexual reproductive hormone.

Answer 163

(B) (SSC CGL 2013) Exp: Progesterone hormones use as an oral contraceptive and use to avoid unwanted pregnancy. High level of progesterone does not allow the fertilization of egg.

Answer 164

(B) (SSC CGL 2013) Exp: Conglobate glands or phallic glands is a long club shaped accessory gland present in males. It helps in storage of spermatozoa.

Answer 165

(D) (SSC Level Data Entry 2013) Exp: Loctogenic hormone is secreted by anterior pituitary gland Lactogenic is gonad tropic hormone which stimulate the production of milk after parturition. It also stimulates the gonads and controls reproductive activity.

Answer 166

(D) (SSC Level Data Entry 2013) Exp: Hypothalamus gland is a part of forebrain. Hypothalamus controls the secretion of hormones from pituitary gland. Hypothalamus link the nervous system to the endocrine system through pituitary.

Answer 167

(B) (SSC Multi-Tasking 2014) Exp: Insulin regulate the concentration of sugar (glucose) from carbohydrates in the food. Insulin help to keeps blood sugar level from getting too high (hyperglycemia) or too low (hypoglycemia)

Answer 168

(C) (SSC CHSL 2015) Exp: Oxytocin is a powerful hormone that acts as neurotransmittor in the brain. Oxytocin is a birth hormone and generally stimulated during sex, birth, lactation and parturition.

Answer 169

(A) (SSC CGL 2016) Exp: Thyroxin hormones is secreted from thyroid gland. Thyroxin regulate the basal metabolic rate (BMR) by stimulating heart rate, respiratory rate and control body temperature.

Answer 170

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Insulin is secreted from beta cells of pancreas. Insulin helps in maintaining the level of glucose in the blood.

Answer 171

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Pituitary gland is known as master gland. It controls the quantity of secretion of all other glands present. It secretes the growth hormone and stimulate the thyroid and parathyroid glands.

Answer 172

(A) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Analgesics are drugs which is used as painkiller. It acts on central and peripheral nervous system without loss of consciousness. Common analgesics are ibuprofen, naproxen and morphine.

Answer 173

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Melanin is the pigment present in the hair, eyes and skin of human. Melanin is produced by cells called melanocyte which are stimulated by Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH) released from pituitary gland.

Answer 174

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Beta cells of pancreas secreted insulin. Insulin maintains the glucose level in blood. Less secretion of insulin results in diabetes melitus.

Answer 175

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: During the adolescence phase, body undergoes changes due to release of hormones from pituitary glands. These changes are primary sexual characteristic and secondary sexual characteristic which leads to reproductive maturity

Answer 176

(D) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Neurons are the structural and functional unit of nervous system. Neurons are composed of two parts cyton with dendrites and axon with nerve ending. Neurons forms the synapse which transmit the chemical signal in the form of neurotransmitter.

Answer 177

(D) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Pituitary gland is situated in the lower part of brain. Pituitary gland is a protrusion at the bottom of hypothalamus. It is the smallest gland of the endocrine system. Pituitary gland is known as the 'master gland.'

Answer 178

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Synapse gap is present between dendrites of two neurons. Synapse is a structure that allows a neuron to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron. These signals or neurotransmittor pass in the form of chemical called as acetylcholine.

Answer 179

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Thyroxin is an animal hormone secreted from Thyroid gland, Thyroxin helps in regulation of metabolism and control the Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR). Deficiency of iodine cause the disease goitre.

Answer 180

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Thymus is an endocrine gland which release the hormone thymosin. Thymus gland helps to generate immunity by maturing the T-lymphocyte cells.

Answer 181

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Insulin is a kind of hormone release from b (beta) cell of pancreas. Insulin helps to maintain concentration of glucose in the blood. Low secretion of insulin results in the disease diabetes mellitus.

Answer 182

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Melanin is responsible for giving colour to the human skin, hair and eyes. it is stumulated by the hormone released from pituitary gland. Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH) control the release of melanin in body.

Answer 183

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Estrogen and progesterone are female hormones. Estrogen helps in maturity and development of ovum and progesterone prepare the female uterus for pregnancy.

Answer 184

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Liver is a bilobed organ and the largest gland of the human body. Liver gland secretes the bile juice through the bile duct. Liver detoxify the chemicals present in blood.

Answer 185

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Adrenaline is a hormone released from adernal gland. Adrenal glands are present on upper part of both kidney Adrenaline is known as emergency hormone, as it released during the fear and flight.

Answer 186

(D) [SSC (10+2)- 2014] Exp: When gene are close together on the same chromosome, they are said to be linked and this process called as linkage. In genetics, linkage was first discovered British geneticist Bateson, Saunder and Punnett. Genetic linkage was expanded by the work of Morgan.

Answer 187

(B) [SSC (10+2) - 2014] Exp: Virus is a pathogenic micro-organism. Virus have four main components 1. Nucleoid 2. Capsid 3. Envelope 4. Enzymes. Nucleoid represent the viral chromosome made up of single molecule of Nuclic Acid. It may be Linear or circular with various degrees of coiling. It is the infective part of virus.

Answer 188

(C) [SSC CGL 2013] Exp: Thymidine dimers are produced when adjacent thymidine residues are covalently linked by expose of Uiltraviolet radiation. Covalent linkage may result in the dimer being replicated as a single base, which results in a Frame shift mutation

Answer 189

(A) [SSC CGL 2013] Exp: Garden pea (Pisum sativum) have diploid chromosome number (2n) as 14 so pea have 7 pairs of contrasting characters. Gregor Johann Mendel is known as Father of classical Genetics. He took 7 pair contrasting character in Pea.

Answer 190

(D) [SSC CGL 2013] Exp: DNA (Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid) have four nitrogenous base Adenine, Thymine. Cytosine, Guanine and same as RNA (Ribose Nuclic Acid) have four bases as Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine and Adenine. In RNA Uracil replace the Thymine.

Answer 191

(B) [SSC MTS 2013] Exp: Gene is a segment of DNA or unit DNA which is heritable in living organism. Gene term was first coined by Johannsen.

Answer 192

(A) [SSC MTS 2013] Exp: DNA (De-Oxyribose Nucleic Acid) contain a nucleotide chain which formed by Nitrogenous base, pentose sugar and phosphate. DNA is double stranded having hydrogen bond between nitrogenous bases.

Answer 193

(D) [SSC SO, 2013] Exp: Watson and Crick primarily explained the DNA double helical structure by X-Ray crystalography method.

Answer 194

(B) [SSC (10+2). DEO & LDC 2012] Exp: Test cross was first introduced by Greger Johann Mendal as the resultant of heterozygous. F1 generation is crossed with homozygous recessive parent which results in the identification allelic pair.

Answer 195

(C) [SSC CGL 2012] Exp: DNA is a genetic material of most of the organism that transfer the genetic information from one generation to another generation that is called as inheritance.

Answer 196

(C)Exp: Test-tube body developed through IVF (in vitro fertilization) in which fusion of women's egg and men's sperm occur in test tube or in laboratory. IVF is a form of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART).

Answer 197

(C) [SSC (10+2) DEO & LDC 2012] Exp: Chromosome is the condensed form of DNA with histone protein. They are present in different number in different animals for their genetic constitution or genetic information, eg- In human 46 chromosome.

Answer 198

(D) [SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2011] Exp: XY is a combination for maleness. In testis determining facter is coded by Y- chromosome, hence only presence of Y - chromosome lead to maleness. The combination of XY lead to maleness and XX lead to femaleness.

Answer 199

(D) [SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2011] Exp: Exon is the coding segment of DNA molecule containing gene which are responsible for transcription of DNA to RNA for protein synthesis by translation.

Answer 200

(D) [SSC CPO 2011] Exp: DNA fingerprinting is a technique which helps in identifying the DNA to link between biological evidence. It is used to identify the parents, rapist and thieves. It is also known as DNA profiling or DNA testing. It was developed in 1984 by Alec Jaffreys.

Answer 201

(A) [SSC SO 2008] Exp: Dolly was the first mammal cloned of sheep from an adult cell. Dolly was cloned at Rosalin Institute, Scotland. Dolly was born by the technique called as somatic cell nuclear transfer.

Answer 202

(C) [SSC SO 2008] Exp: Cloning is the production of genetically identical copy of an organism. In Britain Human cloning is permitted only for therapeutic purpose including transplant tissue damage and other genetic modification.

Answer 203

(C) [SSC SO 2008] Exp: HYV refers to 'high yielding variety'. High yielding varieties are crops with better traits, high productivity per area and less use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides

Answer 204

(A) [SSC Tax Asst. 2007] Exp: DNA profiling or DNA testing or DNA fingerprinting is a process determining an individual's DNA characteristics. DNA profiling was developed by Dr. Alec Jeffrey in 1984.

Answer 205

(B) [SSC CGL 2007] Exp: Gregor Johann Mendal is the 'Father of Genetics'. He discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance. He deduced that genes come in pairs and are inheritance as distinct units, one from each parent mendal's Law of Heredity stated as- • Law of Segregation • Law of Dominance. • Law of independent assortment

Answer 206

(B) [SSC Tax Asst. 2007] Exp: GM food refers to 'genetically modified' organisms or crops. GM crops are those crops whose DNA has been modified using genetic engineering methods. These crops include resistance to certain pests, disease, reduction of spoilage etc.

Answer 207

(A) [SSC Matric Level 2006] Exp: Sex of the child is determined by chromosomes of father. The male gamete (sperm) has a pair of X and Y chromosome. If the sperm carrying X- chromosome fertilise the egg, the resultant is female child (XX) and if the sperm carrying Y- chromosome fertilised the egg, the resultant is (XY)- male child.

Answer 208

(B) [SSC CPO 2006] Exp: Dolly sheep was the first mammal to be cloned. Dolly was cloned by Ian wilmeet and Keith Campbell at Roslin Institute. Dolly sheep took birth on 5 July 1996 and died from a progressive lung disease after 5 months.

Answer 209

(D) [SSC CGL 2004] Exp: Test tube baby is an in-vitro fertilisation of sperm and egg and the resultant zygote is then transplanted in the uterus. The zygote at the stage of 16-32 called, or Blastocyst in transferred in mothers womb for further development. It is a method of Assistant reproductive technology (ART).

Answer 210

(C) [SSC SO 2003] Exp: Mule is resultant offspring of hybrid between horse and donkey. It is the type of inter specific hybridisation i.e., mating of two species within the same genus. The offspring display traits and characteristics of both parents.

Answer 211

(D) [SSC CGL 2003] Exp: There are total 46 chromosome present in human cells. During the formation of gametes i.e., ovum in female and sperm in male, the chromosome number reduced to half i.e. 23 by the meiosis cell division.

Answer 212

(B) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: Genes are the hereditary unit located on chromosomes. Genes controls the specific trait or characters which pass on from one generation to the other

Answer 213

(C) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: During the formation of gametes the chromosomes number reduced to half i.e., 23 from 46. These gametes when fuse together forms the zygote and embryo. Thus, the total number of genes inherited by a child are an equal number from each parent.

Answer 214

(B) [SSC Matric Level 2002] Exp: In test tube babies, the gametes from male and female are fertilised in vitro. Later at the Blastomere stage fertilised egg or zygote is transferred in female uterus for development. On 25 July 1978, the first test tube baby, Louise Brown was born. Robert Edward and Patrick Steptac are the pioneer of IVF.

Answer 215

(A) [SSC Matric Laval 2002] Exp: Haemophilia is a hereditary genetic disorder occur due to the recessive gene on chromosome number 17. Recessive gene lacks blood clotting factor IX, which lacks coagulant factor thrompolastin in blood. So minor injuries cause continuous bleeding and death of the person due to haemorrhages.

Answer 216

(A) [SSC CGL 2002] Exp: The sex of the child is determined by the chromosome carried by the sperm of male. If the sperm contain X chromosome then the resultant is (XX), female child. If the sperm contain Y chromosome, then the resultant is XY, male child.

Answer 217

(A) [SSC SO 2001] Exp: DNA or deoxyribose nucleic acid is a hereditary material in most of the living organisms. DNA is present inside the nucleus of the cell, where it gets the replication during the cell division.

Answer 218

"(B) [SSC CGL 2000] Exp: Anglo-nubian is a breed of domestic goat. It was originated in England. Its distinguishing characteristics includes large, pendulous ears and a Roman nose. Nubian has a nickname ""Lop-eared goat's Rabbit goat"

Answer 219

(A) [SSC (10+2) 2011] Exp: Drone is a fertile male honeybee. Female Honeybee (Queen) produces the eggs in large number. Egg which are fertilised by the sperm developed into female and unfertilised egg develops into male by the process of parthenogenesis.

Answer 220

(D) [SSC MTS 2011] Exp: Bee- Keeping or apiculture is the breeding and management of bees. An apiary is a place where beehives of honey bees are kept. Apiarist are beekeepers and extract the honey.

Answer 221

(D) [SSC Tax Asst. 2004] Exp: Antibiotics is a medicine prepared from bacteria that inhibit the growth or destroys microorganism. These antibiotic either kill the bacteria or inhibit their cell wall growth. The first antibiotic named as penicillin was isolated by Alexander Fleming in 1940.

Answer 222

(D) [SSC (10+2) Nov. 2014] Exp: Biodiversity or Biological diversity is the variety of plant and animal life in the world or in a particular habitat which are unique in their characteristics. Biodiversity are of three types Species, Genetic and Ecosystem.

Answer 223

(C) Exp: Polyploidy refers to a numerical change in a whole set of chromosomes. Polyploidy occur due to abnormal cell division either during Mitosis, or commonly during Metaphase I in meiosis.

Answer 224

(A) Exp: Bt-Brinjal is a genetically engineered crop developed by the use of bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis. BT gene is effective for pest resistant.

Answer 225

(D) Exp: In Autosomal Dominant only one infected gene from any one parent is enough to cause the disease in the child. It is a Inheriting disease trait depends on the type of chromosome affected.

Answer 226

(C) Exp: Mendel is known as 'Father of Genetics'. Mendel performed the experiment on the pea plant and gave the theories of hereditary. He proved that many physical traits can be passed from one generation to the other.

Answer 227

(B) Exp: Primary function of RNA is protein synthesis from DNA, in the series known as central dogma. The first step of converting DNA into RNA by transcription and RNA into by protein translation.

Answer 228

(C) Exp: Punnett square is a representation of mendilian inheritance. It determine the probability of an offspring having particular genotype.

Answer 229

(C) Exp: Mutation theory was proposed by, Dutch botanist Hugo de vries. De-Vries proposed the mutation theory in order to explain the mechanism of evolution. This theory was based on his observation on evening primrose.

Answer 230

(B) Exp: RNA stands for Ribo Nucleic Acid. It is a genetic hereditary material present in some living organism. RNA is a chain of nucleotide with base pair Adenine (A) Uracil(U), Cytosine(C) and Guanine (G).

Answer 231

(A) Exp: Polynucleotide is a linear polymer whose molecule are composed of many nucleotide units, constitute a section of a nucleic acid molecule. Polynucleotide constitute to form a gene.

Answer 232

(B) (SSC Tax Assistant 2007) Exp: The term 'gene' was introduced by Danish botanist, plant physiologist W. Johannsen in 1905. Gene are the inheritance unit of phenotypic traits present on the chromosome.

Answer 233

(C) (SSC CML.-2006) Exp: Human body is made up of two types of cells Somatic cell ie. Growth and development cell and Germ cell i.e. Reproductive cell. Somatic cell contains 46 Chromosomes and Germ cell reduces the number of chromosome to half i.e., 23.

Answer 234

(A) (SSC 10+2) -2012) Exp: DNA is a polynucleotide double helical structure consists of pentose sugar called Deoxyribose, phosphoric acid molecule and pyrimidine and purine with base pair as Adenine, Thymine, cytosine and Guanine.

Answer 235

(C) (SSC CGL 2012) Exp: Genetic information is carried by DNA (Deoxyribose Nucleic acid) from one generation to the next generation. DNA contains the hereditary unit as Genes and have the information on the base pairs present.

Answer 236

(C) (SSC Sec. Offier 1997) Exp: The biological science which deals with mechanism of heredity and causes of variations in living beings (virus, bacteria, plants and animals) is known as genetics. Gregor Johann Mendel is the father of genetics. Bateson coined the term genetics.

Answer 237

(D) (SSC MTS--2013) Exp: Gene pool is the sum of all genes or total genetic material present in any population of the same species. it refers to the sum of all the alleles within the genes of a population This is the basis of natural selection.

Answer 238

(C) (SSC MTS--2013) Exp: RNA (Ribos Nucleic acid) is a heredity material present in some micro organisms. RNA contains a pentose sugar (D-ribose); a molecule of phosphate group and nitrogen base. In RNA, Thymine which pairs with Adenine in DNA is replaced with Uracil.

Answer 239

(D) (SSC CGL 2013) Exp: Transcription is a process of cellular mechanism in which DNA transcribed in to RNA.

Answer 240

(D) (SSC CGL 2013) Exp: Thiamidine dimer formation in DNA takes places from Thymine bases via photo chemical reaction. Ultraviolet rays to induce the formation of covalent linkages.

Answer 241

(A) (SSC CGL 2014) Exp: Coupling and Repulsion hypothesis are the two states of linkage. Bateson and Punnett formulated this hypothesis to explain the unexpected results of dihybrid cross. Further T.H. morgan explained this theory while performing experiment with Drosophila in 1910.

Answer 242

(D) (SSC CGL 2014) Exp: Pleiotropism is defined as when gene influences multiple, Unrelated phenotypic traits. Pleiotropy describes the genetic effects of a single gene on multiple phenotypic traits.

Answer 243

(C) (SSC CAPFs SI, 2014) Exp: Paired genes are found in somatic cells, Zygote and fertilised ovary because all these cells contains diploid set of chromosome with paired genes, while gemetes of male and female contains haploid set of chromosome with unpaired genes.

Answer 244

(C) (SSC CGL 2014) Exp: Bt Brinjal is a genetically modified crop and is resistance against lepidopteron insects. It was approved for commercialization in India in 2009 but after debate it was banned in India. Bt cotton was available in India from 2002. The state of Maharashtra banned the sale of Bt cotton in 2012.

Answer 245

(C) (SSC CAPFs SI, 2015) Exp: Hydrophilic nature is the attraction of any molecule towards the water and bond formation between them. The negatively charged phosphate group on DNA make bonds with water.

Answer 246

(B) (SSC CGL 2015) Exp: Pleiotropic effects are the genes which are capable of producing more than one benefit or single gene affects the number of phenotypic traits. Example of pleiotropic effects is phenylketonuria disease.

Answer 247

(A) (SSC CGL 2015) Exp: When one gene hides or masks the effect of the other unit (gene), the phenomena is referred as epistasis. These are effects of mutations with different symptoms.

Answer 248

(B) (SSC CHSL 2015) Exp: Down syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality arises due to trisomy of chromosome number 21. Chromosome Number 21 is associated with physical growth, abnormalities in facial feature. Down syndrome also cause the Alzheimer's disease, which is a type of dementia i.e., memory loss.

Answer 249

(C) (SSC CPO SI, 2016) Exp: Unwinding of the DNA helix during replication; this process is completed by the enzyme topoisomerase.

Answer 250

(B) (SSC CGL 2016) Exp: Turner syndrome is a chromosomal condition that affects the development in females. In this disease the X chromosome of 23rd pair get completely missing. It affects the development of secondary sexual characteristics with some abnormality like Webbed neck disease.

Answer 251

(A) (SSC CAPFs 2016) Exp: Haemophilia is a sex-Linked genetic disorder, occurs due to the presence of recessive gene for haemophilia on chromosome number 17. The affected person do not generate the clotting substance (Thromboplastin) in blood. This disease is also known as Royal's disease or Bleeder's disease.

Answer 252

(A) (SSC CPO SI, 2015) Exp: Hyperchromacity of DNA is done by heating the DNA strand, which leads to denaturation. Denaturation is the process by which the hydrogen bond get weak and finally break. The hyper chromic effect is the striking increase in absorbance of DNA upon denaturation.

Answer 253

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: The biological science which deals with the mechanism of heredity and variations in living organism is known as genetics. Gregor John Mendel is known as father of genetics.

Answer 254

(D) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Vestigial organs are those organ which have lost their original function but still are present in human body. Ear pinna, wisdom teeth, vermiform appendix, pharynx, tailbone are example of vestigial organ. Thyroid gland is not a vestigial organ.

Answer 255

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) is a bacteria which is used to produce insect resistance crops. These crops are known as genetically modified (GM) crops. Cotton and Brinjal are GM crops.

Answer 256

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Dolly was an example of first cloned sheep. Dolly was born on 5 July 1996 in Roslin Institute, Edinburgh, Scotland. It was the first manual cloned from somatic cell.

Answer 257

(A) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Wisdom teeth is a vestigial organ in human body.

Answer 258

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Gregor John Mendel is known as 'Father of Genetics.

Answer 259

(A) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Vestigial organs are those organs which are present in an organism but is of no use. Ear pinna, vermiform appendix and tail bone are vestigial organs in hum Tail bone is the final segment of vertebral coloum and is known as coccyx.

Answer 260

"(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Darwin gave the 'The Theory of Natural Selection', which stated as ""Natural selection is the ability of ogranisms to survive in the given environment due to phenotypic trait"". It is a key mechanism of evolution."

Answer 261

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Darwin gave the 'Theory of Evolution'. Evolution means the evolvement of organs and their traits with a period of time. Darwin is known as 'Father of Evolution'.

Answer 262

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) is the genetic material present in some organism. It is a ploymeric molecule made up of nucleotide with sugar and phosphate backbone

Answer 263

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: DNA is Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid. It is a genetic heredity material present in organism and is transferred from one generation to next.

Answer 264

(A) [SSC CGL 2000] Exp: AIDS is a sexually transmitted disease by HIV (Human Immune virus). HIV has single - stranded RNA as the genetic material, and infect the host by reverse transcriptase. RNA codes for 9 genes enclosed by 2000 copies of viral protein.

Answer 265

(C) [SSC MTS 1999] Exp: On the basis of composition of genetic material there are two categories of virus (i) Adenoviruses-DNA containing (ii) Retroviruses RNA containing, viruses do not contain both DNA and RNA together. In case of retro viruses, RNA contain genetic information which is hereditary in nature.

Answer 266

(C) [SSC SO 2008] Exp: Short sightedness or myopia is a defect of vision in which far objects appear blurred but near objects are seen clearly. The image is focused in front of the retina rather than on it, usually because the eyeball is too long or the refractive power of the eye's lens too strong. Myopia can be corrected by concave lens.

Answer 267

(C) [SSC Matric Level 2006] Exp: Scurvy is a disease caused by a diet that lacks Vitamin-C (ascorbic acid). Patients develop anaemia, debilities, exhaustion, edema in some parts of the body and sometimes ulceration in the gums and loss of teeth takes place.

Answer 268

(B) [SSC CGL 2004] Exp: Fluorine deficiency leads to the disorder of teeth and bone. A lack of fluorides in diet leads to demineralisation of tooth enamel during attack of bacteria's acid.

Answer 269

(D) [SSC SO 2003] Exp: Glaucoma is a disease of the eyes. It is a condition where the pressure of the eye remain high due to many condition like migrain, high blood pressure and obesity, optic nerve damage may occur with normal pressure.

Answer 270

(D) [SSC (10+2) Nov. 2014] Exp: Trypanosoma is a parasitic flagellated protozoa which causes sleeping sickness disease. Trypanosoma alter the shape of RBC which invade the circulatory and lymphatic systems by the parasites and is associated with severe swelling of lymph nodes.

Answer 271

(D) [SSC CGL 2013] Exp: AIDS is an immunity disorder. It is caused by Human Immuno virus (HIV). Virus after entering into the cell transcribe the genetic material from RNA to DNA. DNA forms the enzyme which affect the T-Lymphocyte.

Answer 272

(D) [SSC CISF, ASI 2013] Exp: Polio is caused by poliomyelitis virus, it is an infectious disease spread by contamination of food and water. It leads into muscles weakening, stiffness and pain. This virus was first identified in 1908 by Erwin Popper and Karl Landstiner. The polio vaccine was developed by John Salk in 1950.

Answer 273

(D) [SSC CISF, ASI 2013] Exp: Haptens are incomplete antigens. Haptens are small molecules, when it combined with a larger molecule such as a protein, can elicit the production of antibodies which bind specifically to it.

Answer 274

(C) [SSC CGL 2013] Exp: Antibodies are generated from B-lymphocyte, Lymphocyte is a type of leucocyte (WBC) which helps in immunity system. Antibodies are generated after the entry of foreign particle such as virus and bacteria called as Antigen. Lymphocytes make 25-33% of total leucocyte content.

Answer 275

(A) [SSC (10+2) 2013] Exp: Tuberculosis is communicable infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis affects the lungs mainly and can spread to the other parts. Robert Koch discovered the microbial cause of tuberculosis in 1882. In 2015, 1.8 mn people died from the disease.

Answer 276

(B) [SSC CISF, ASI 2013] Exp: Rabies is a viral disease that attacks the central nervous system. The virus is transmitted to humans via bites and scratches from infected animals. It usually takes 4 to 12 weeks. Affected person suffers from Hydrophobia.

Answer 277

(C) Exp: Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Flemming in 1928. It was first antibiotic to be discovered. Penicillium is effective against many bacterial infections caused by staphylococci and streptococci.

Answer 278

(C) [SSC CISF, ASI 2013] Exp: Dengue is spread by several species of mosquito named as Aedes aegypti. It is caused by dengue virus which develops the symptoms like high fever, headache vomiting, muscles and joint pains. Dengue is also termed as break bone fever.

Answer 279

(D) [SSC MTS 2013] Exp: Bacteria Pseudomonas putida and Thiobacillus Oxidises alkanes with a membrane bound enzyme called alkane-B that form a hydrophobic pocket attractives to hydrocarbon base substance. The enzyme converts oxygen to free radicals responsible for breakdown of trapped substrate and potential substrate include propane, butane and Alkenes.

Answer 280

(B) [SSC MTS 2013] Exp: Viruses are acellular micro organism. These are infectious agent that replicate their genetic material (either DNA or RNA) inside a host organism. The genetic material is covered by protein coat called capsid.

Answer 281

(A) [SSC CGL 2012] Exp: Elephantiasis or lymphatic filariasis is a worm disease caused by Wuchereria bancrofti. These worms damage the Lymphatic system and results in the swelling of arms, legs or genital parts.

Answer 282

(D) [SSC (10+2) DEO & LDC 2012] Exp: Lockjaw is a symptom of Tetanus. Tetanus is caused by an infection with the bacterium Clostridium tetani. It enters in the skin through cut or puncture by contaminated objects. Other symptoms include fever, sweating, headache, high blood pressure and fast heart rate.

Answer 283

(C) [SSC FCI 2012] Exp: Filaria is an endoparasitic disease caused by helminthes known as filarial worms. Filaria is transmitted by black flies and culex mosquito. The most spectular symptoms of Lymphatic filariasis is elephantiasis.

Answer 284

(A) [SSC (10+2) 2012] Exp: Mycobacterium leprae is a gram positive Bacillus bacteria. It causes Leprosy (also known as Hansen's disease), which damages peripheral nerves and effect the skin, nose and muscle.

Answer 285

(B) [SSC (10+2) 2009, 2012, Exp: Jaundice is a disease of liver. The hyper secretion of bilirubin from liver results into yellow pigmentation of skin and eyes. High bilirubin level results into increased rate of hemolysis, hepatitis, severe liver failure with cirrhosis.

Answer 286

(A) [SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2011] Exp: Benzene is a highly toxic substance that can affect DNA, causing chromosome changes and abnormal cell function. Long term exposure to benzene cause the bone marrow to produce fewer blood cells. This results in anaemia or low red blood cell count. The most serious effect of benzene poisoning is leukaemia, which is a cancer of blood producing tissues.

Answer 287

(D) [SSC CISF 2011] Exp: Meningitis is an infection of the protective membrane that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. The membrane or meningitis membranes named as duramater, arachnoids and Piamater.

Answer 288

(C) [SSC CISF 2011] Exp: Common cold is caused by Rhinovirus. It is an infections disease of upper respiratory tract and affects throat, sinuses and voice box. The symptoms of a cold include running nose, nasal congestion, muscle ache, fatigue etc.

Answer 289

(D) [SSC (10+2), DEO & LDC 2011] Exp: Black fever, or visceral Leishmaniasis or Kala-azar is a deadly disease caused by protozoan Leishmania donovani and spread by sand fly. Parasite migrates to internal organs such as liver, spleen etc.

Answer 290

(B) [SSC CPO 2011] Exp: Leukaemia or blood cancer is abnormal increase of the white blood cells. It weakens the immunity system and have symptoms like bleeding and bruising problems, tiredness, fever. Treatment of blood cancer include chemotherapy, radiation therapy and bone marrow transplant.

Answer 291

(B) [SSC CISF 2011] Exp: Cholera is an acute infectious disease caused by contaminated food and water with vibrio cholera bacteria. It is characterised by watery diarrhoea, extreme loss of fluid and electrolyte and severe dehydration.

Answer 292

(D) [SSC CGL 2011] Exp: Sleeping sickness or Trypanosoma or African sleeping sickness is a disease spread by Tse-Tse fly. It is caused by a small parasite Trypansoma gambiens. These parasite are found in intestine and blood stream.

Answer 293

(A) [SSC MTS 2011] Exp: Penicillin (Pen or PCN) is a group of antibiotics derived from fungi. Penicillium. It was the first drug to be effective against many serious diseases. This antibiotic stops the cell wall synthesis among pathogens. It was discovered by Sir Alexander Flemming in 1940.

Answer 294

(D) [SSC CGL 2010] Exp: Ringworm is a common fungal infection that causes a ring like rash on skin. It is caused by fungal genera Trichophyton and Micrococcus.

Answer 295

(C) [SSC (10+2), DEO&LDC 2010] Exp: TB is an infectious disease caused by bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB affects the lungs primarily and have the symptoms like chronic cough and bloodcontaining sputum, fever and weight loss.

Answer 296

(C) [SSC (10+2) 2010] Exp: Common cold is caused by Rhinovirus. It is an upper respiratory tract infection transmitted by infected air borne droplets or direct contact with infected person.

Answer 297

(A) [SSC Steno. 2010] Exp: Mumps is a contagious disease caused by virus that pass through Saliva, nasal secretion and close personal contact. The condition primarily affects the parotid gland of Salivary gland.

Answer 298

(C)Exp: Malaria is caused by endoparasitic protozoans of genus plasmodium and transmitted by vector female Anopheles mosquito. Plasmoduim completes its life cycle in two hosts i.e., mosquito and human beings. The infected stage of malaria is called sporozoite.

Answer 299

(C) [SSC CPO 2009] Exp: Tuberculosis (TB) is a common infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria. It typically attacks the lungs, but can also affect the other part of the body. It can spread through droplets released during coughing and sneezing of affected person.

Answer 300

(B) [SSC CPO, -2009, 2000] Exp: Diptheria is a communicable disease caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diptheriae. This disease block the airway and affect the throat. Diptheria includes the complication like Myocarditis, inflammation of nerves, kidney problems and bleeding problems.

Answer 301

(B) [SSC CPO 2009] Exp: Smallpox is a highly contagious and deadly disease caused by the variola virus. Smallpox spread from person to person by respiratory droplets or direct contact with body fluid. The incubation period for smallpox is 7 to 17 days.

Answer 302

(D) [SSC CPO 2009] Exp: Typhoid is caused by bacteria Salmonella typhi. It is ingested through contaminated water or food Symptoms include abdominal pain, constipation and diarrhoea. It affects the digestive system. Treatment of disease is done by drugs such as azithromycin, fluroquinolones and chloramphenicol.

Answer 303

(C) [SSC (10+2), DEO&LOC 2008, 2001] Exp: Malaria is a Mosquito-borne disease caused by Plasmodium parasite. Chloroquinone is a drug used in treatment and prevention of malaria. It is obtained from bark of Cinchona plant and was discovered in 1934 by Hans Andersage. It was first named as Resochin.

Answer 304

(A) [SSC SO 2008] Exp: Yellow fever is a viral disease spread by mosquito. It is characterized by a high fever and jaundice. The Flavivirus cause yellow fever and it is transmitted from the bite of infected aedes mosquito.

Answer 305

(A) [SSC CPO 2008] Exp: Tetanus also called lockjaw, is a serious infection caused by clostridium tetani. This bacteria produces a toxin that affects the brain and nervous system. Leading to stiffness in the muscles. Infection can cause severe muscle spasms and breathing difficulties.

Answer 306

(B) [SSC SO 2008] Exp: Vaccination is process in which the inactive or attenuated pathogen are introduced in the body. It provide acquired immunity to particular disease. The first vaccination was prepared by Edward Jenner against cow pox.

Answer 307

(A) [SSC SO 2008] Exp: Hepatitis is an inflammation of liver. It is commonly caused by a viral infection viral infection of the liver that are classified as hepatitis include hepatitis A, B, C, D and E.

Answer 308

(B) [SSC Tax Asst. 2008] Exp: AIDS is a viral disease which suppress the immunity system of the affected person. It is caused by infection of HIV, which gets replicate inside the host body and kill all the T-lymphocyte present in blood.

Answer 309

(B) Exp: Pellagra disease caused by the deficiency vitamin B3, (Niacin) which cause inflammation skin, diarrhoea, dementia etc. Scurvy disease caused by the deficiency of Vitamin C cause weakness, feeling tired.

Answer 310

(A) Exp: Ebola is a virus that cause viral hemorrhagic fever hum Ebola outbreaks occurred in remote villages in central Africa, near tropical rain forest.

Answer 311

(C) Exp: AIDS - Acquired Immuno deficiency syndrome is caused by infection with the Human Immuno Deficiency Virus (HIV). The virus affect the T cell in blood.

Answer 312

(B) Exp: Typhoid is a bacterial disease caused by salmonella typhi which are present in contaminated drinking water, waste material.

Answer 313

(B) Exp: A person with diabetes has a condition in which the quantity of glucose in the blood is too elevated (hyperglycemia). This is because the body either does not produce enough insulin, produces no insulin or has cells that do not respond properly to the insulin that pancreas produces.

Answer 314

(B) Exp: Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the alveoli present in lungs. It can be caused by bacteria, virus or fungi. The alveoli filled with fluid makes it difficult to breathe. The most common cause of bacterial pneumonia is Streptococcus pneumonia.

Answer 315

(D) Exp: Mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer that develops in the linings of the lungs People who are exposed to asbestos have the highest risk of developing the disease. There is no cure for this disease.

Answer 316

(C) Exp: E.coli (Escherichia coli) is the name of germ or bacterium that lives in digestive tracts of human and animals. Some strains of E. Coli bacteria can cause water borne disease such as diarrhoea and can cause urinary tract infections.

Answer 317

(D) Exp: Hepatitis is a viral disease. It is the inflammation of liver tissues which results into vomiting, poor appetite, abdominal pain or diarrhea. Chronic hepatitis may even results into liver failure.

Answer 318

(C) Exp: Anaemia is a medical condition in which the bone marrow fails to produce the RBC in blood. This is a iron deficiency disease where the body becomes deficient of oxygen due to the low level of hemoglobin.

Answer 319

(B) Exp: Beta Blockers are the drugs that block norepinephrine and epinephrine (adrenalin) from nerves. This helps in lowering the high blood pressure and mask the symptoms of low blood glucose (Hypoglycemia)

Answer 320

(B) Exp: Kwashiorkor and marasmus are protein deficiency disorder. The extreme lack of protein causes an osmotic imbalance in the gastro - intestinal system, causing swelling of gut. It is diagnosed as an edema or retention of water.

Answer 321

(D) Exp: Deficiency of Iron cause the disease Anaemia. Anaemia is blood platelets disorder in which bone marrow fails to produce enough RBC. Iron is the central metal of Hemoglobin chain.

Answer 322

(C) Exp: Carcinogenic chemicals are these substances which stimulate the abnormal division of cells and leads to cancer. Cancer is caused by changes in cell's DNA.

Answer 323

(A) (SSC CGL 1999) Exp: Emphysema is a long term, progressive disease of lungs. It is the over-inflation (presence of air) of Alveoli which results in shortness of breathing. Emphysema is included in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and also called as obstructive lungs disease

Answer 324

(B) (SSC CGL 2000) Exp: 'ELISA' is enzyme linked Immuno Sorbent Assay. It is an Antigen Antibody binding reaction and is designed for detecting and quantifying substances such as peptides, proteins, antibody and hormones, ELISA test is used to detect the AIDS antibodies.

Answer 325

(A) (SSC CGL 2000) Exp: Cadmium (cd) in a toxic pollutant released from industries. Inhalation of cadmium laden dust quickly leads to respiratory tract and kidney problems. It may results into renal failure by accumulating in the proximal tubular cells.

Answer 326

(D) (SSC CGL 2000) Exp: Excessive heating of oil leads to changes in physical appearances, viscosity and may alter the fatty acid composition of oil. Heating of oil undergoes a series of chemical reactions like oxidation, hydrolysis and polymerization Repeated use of cooking oil forms the carcinogenic substances like benzpyrene.

Answer 327

(A) (SSC CGL 2000) Exp: 'Breath test' is used to identify the presence of alcohol in a person's body. It estimate the blood alcohol concentration (BAC). Potassium dichromate is an oxidizing agent and used in breath test because it oxidized alcohol.

Answer 328

(B) (SSC CGL 2015) Exp: Typhoid is an infection disease caused by bacteria Salmonella typhimurium. Major symptoms of typhoid are fever and rashes with abdominal pain and vomiting. It is treated by Azithromycin and Ciprofloxacin.

Answer 329

(C) (SSC CGL 2002) Exp: Penicillin is the first antibiotic to be prepared. Penicillin was prepared from fungus penicillium notatum in 1928 by scientist Alexander Fleming. Penicillin is effective against the infection of staphylococci and streptococci.

Answer 330

(A) (SSC Tax Assistant 2004) Exp: Locked jaw disorder is the other name by disease tetanus. Tetanus is a bacterial disease that affects the nervous system. The infection cause sever muscle spasm, leading to locking of the jaw, which makes it hard to open mouth and swallow.

Answer 331

(C) (SSC CPO 2005) Exp: Biopsy is an examination of tissues removed from a living body to discover the presence, cause, or extent of a disease, diagnosis of cancer is done by biopsy test.

Answer 332

(D) (SSC Section Officer 2005) Exp: Dengue is an infectious viral disease transmitted by vector aedes mosquito, symptoms of Dengue are decreased level of platelets, muscles pain, swallow lymph nodes, fever and rashes.

Answer 333

(A) (SSC CGL 2005) Exp: Tuberculosis is a chronic lung infection caused by bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis disease usually spread through milk, if the cattle too suffered from tuberculosis bacteria mycobacterium bovid.

Answer 334

(A) (SSC Tax Assistant 2005) Exp: Vectors are insects which are responsible for transmitting diseases. These vector transmit the in infectious stage from causing agent of the host

Answer 335

(D) (SSC Tax Assistant 2005) Exp: Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic produced by bacteria Streptomyces grisemycin. Streptomycin is injected in muscles and is the first antibiotic against tuberculosis.

Answer 336

(A) (SSC CGL 2015) Exp: Tamiflu (Oseltamivir) is an antiviral medication used to treat influenza virus and a drug against bird flu. Tamiflu have rare side effects and symptoms like sudden confession, shaking, problem with speech, hallucination etc.

Answer 337

(A) (SSC CGL 2015) Exp: Penicillin is an antibiotic, drug used against infectious disease of bacteria such as staphylococci, streptococci and clostridium Penicillin kills the bacteria without harming the host body. Tuberculosis (TB) is treated with antibiotics such as isoniazid, rifampicin and penicillin.

Answer 338

(C) (SSC CGL 2015) Exp: Skin of human body is highly affected by nuclear radiations and cause skin cancer. Short terms effects of radiations are damage of germinal layer and results of blistering and ulceration.

Answer 339

(A) (SSC Section Officer 2006) Exp: Cancer is the resultant of uncontrolled cells division. On the basis of their invasion and spread, cancer are divided into two types; Benign and Malign tumor. Symptoms of cancer are weight loss, bowel movements, prolonged cough.

Answer 340

(B) (SSC Section Officer 2006) Exp: Triple vaccine (DPT) is a class of combined vaccines against infections named as diphtheria, Pertussis (whooping cough) and Tetanus. The vaccination includes inactive pathogens to induce immunity.

Answer 341

(C) (SSC Section Officer 2007) Exp: Sleeping sickness or African trypanosomes is an insect borne disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei. It is an endoparasite protozoan which destruct the shape of RBC and the resultant is clog in vessels and effects the circulatory and lymphatic system.

Answer 342

(B) (SSC CPO 2007) Exp: Typhoid is a bacterial-borne disease caused by bacteria Salmonella typhi in contaminated water and food. Symptoms of typhoid are abdominal pain, constipation and diarrhoea. Typhoid is treated with Azithromycin, Fluoroqueinolones and Cephalosporin.

Answer 343

(B) (SSC CGL 2015) Exp: Jaundice is a symptom of Liver infection disease. Jaundice is resultant of high bilirubin secretion from liver cells. Jaundice is also known as icterus.

Answer 344

(A) (SSC Section Officer 2008) Exp: Mumps is a contagious disease caused by virus from one person to another mumps are affected by salivary glands also called parotid glands.

Answer 345

(C) (SSC CGL 2015) Exp: Deficiency of folic acid is known to cause anaemia. Folic acid is a type of vitamin B, found in supplement and fortified foods. Folic acid helps to produce and maintain new cells.

Answer 346

(A) (SSC Tax Assistant 2008) Exp: Amoebic dysentery is an infection of the small intestine caused by amoeba Entamoeba hisolytica. It is spread by contaminated food and water. Incubation period of disease is 10 days after which symptoms like nausea, stomach pain, high temperature, chilling and weight loss.

Answer 347

(A) (SSC Tax Assistant 2009) Exp: Cirrhosis is the scarring of the liver caused by longterm liver damage Cirrhosis results into the replacement of liver tissues by fibrosis. Long term consumption of liver result into inflammation of liver. Toxicity of copper metals leads to liver cirrhosis.

Answer 348

(B) (SSC Tax Assistant 2009) Exp: BCG immunization is used against tuberculosis BCG (Bacillus Calmette- Guerin) vaccine was first used in 1921 and is the only immunotherapy available for tuberculosis.

Answer 349

(B) (SSC CPO 2009) Exp: Diptheria is an infectious communicable disease. Diptheria is caused by bacteria Corynebacterium diptheriae. Diptheria affects the nose and throat. The treatment of diphtheria involves administration of antibiotics.

Answer 350

(A) (SSC CPO 2009) Exp: Anaemia is a medical condition of the RBC deficiency in blood. It results in decreased haemoglobin and this lowerd the ability of blood to carry oxygen. Anaemia can occur due to blood loss, decreased red blood cell and increased red blood cell breakdown.

Answer 351

(C) (SSC CPO 2009) Exp: Tuberculosis is an airborne disease. It caused by infectious agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis through cough, spit, sneeze of active TB person.

Answer 352

(D) (SSC CGL 2010) Exp: Ringworm is a fungal disease caused by species of fungus named as Trichophyton, Microsperum and Epidermatophyton. Ringworm causes red rashes and patches on skin.

Answer 353

(A) (SSC CML-1999) Exp: Amoebiasis is refers to infection caused by Entamoeba histolytica. Symptoms range from mild diarrhoea to severe dysentery with blood and mucus. Amoeba completes its life cycle in the large intestine.

Answer 354

(B) (SSC CML-2002) Exp: High level of uric acid in the blood cause the disease Gout. Gout is an inflammatory autoimmune form of arthritis. Uric acid get deposit in joints, tendons and tissues. It leads to the swallowing and pain of joints

Answer 355

(C) (SSC CML-2002) Exp: Malaria is caused by protozoan, Plasmodium. Three species commonly known to cause Malaria are Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax and P. Malariae.

Answer 356

(B) (SSC MTS-2011) Exp: Strontium 90 is a radioactive isotope of strontium. It causes skin cancer. It is released during the nuclear fission reaction in nuclear power plants.

Answer 357

(A) (SSC CGL 2012) Exp: Elephantiasis disease is caused by parasitic worm Wuchereria bancrofti. It is also known as Lymphatic filariasis.

Answer 358

(A) (SSC FCI Assistant 2012) Exp: Immunisation is a process where, a person is made resistant to an infectious agent. This phenomena includes the formation of antibodies by using inactive antigens. It is a kind of passive immunization.

Answer 359

(D) (SSC DPSI 2012) Exp: Antibodies are formed against pathogens in thymus by lymphocytes. Thymus is an endocrine gland which is responsible for the immunity as it matures T lymphocytes. It is the only organ which gets decrease in size with increase in age.

Answer 360

(B) (SSC MTS-2013) Exp: Biological control of mosquito population is Gambusia fish. It is a predator fish who feed on mosquito larvae.

Answer 361

(C) (SSC CGL 2013) Exp: Malaria is caused by plasmodium species and transmitted from one person to another by Anopheles mosquito.

Answer 362

(C) (SSC CGL 2013) Exp: Leech is an ectoparasite sanguivorous (feeds on blood) feeds on cattle which is herbivore (feeds on plants).

Answer 363

(D) (SSC (10+2) -2013) Exp: Female anopheles mosquito is a vector for malaria. Culex mosquito causes filariasis.

Answer 364

(D) (SSC MTS-2014) Exp: Myopia or near sightedness is a disease of eyes. It is corrected by concave lens.

Answer 365

(D) (SSC CHSL 2014) Exp: Pernicious malaria is caused by Plasmodium glaciparum. It is an infectious disease caused by protozoan P. Flaciparum. It is also called as malignant malaria.

Answer 366

(D) (SSC CGL 2015) Exp: Sporozoite is the infectious stage of Malaria. Humans are the secondary host of Malarial disease and develops the male and female gametophyte in blood. These male and female gamete fused to form Zygote or sporozoite in mosquito which acts as primary host.

Answer 367

(A) (SSC CGL 2015) Exp: In BCG vaccine word C stands for clamatte. It is a vaccination used against tuberculosis.

Answer 368

(C) (SSC CHSL 2015) Exp: Small pox is one of the infectious disease which has been eradicated completely. Small pox is caused by variola virus.

Answer 369

(B) (SSC CHSL 2015) Exp: Thymus gland is situated in the chest cavity. Thymus gland release hormones and helps in the immunity system. It plays an important role for the maturation, training and development of T-Lymphocytes.

Answer 370

(B) (SSC CHSL 2016) Exp: Colour blindness is an heredity disease, results from the non functioning or absence of cone cells. Cone cells are present in retina of the human eye.

Answer 371

(D) (SSC CPO SI, 2016) Exp: Alzheimer's disease is a type of dementia that affects the memory, thinking and behaviour of the person. It is a neurological disorder in which the brain cell continuously die and caused cognitive decline.

Answer 372

(D) (SSC CGL 2016) Exp: Haematopoiesis is the process of blood cell formation. These are known ad pluripotent stem cells, which can replicate themselves and differentiated into different platelets.

Answer 373

(C) (SSC CGL 2016) Exp: Polycythemia is a medical condition and termed as slow-growing blood cancer where bone marrow produces a higher number of RBC than required. The excess RBC increase the viscosity of blood and can lead to heart attacks.

Answer 374

(B) (SSC CGL 2015) Exp: Siderosis is a lung disorder, caused by breathing in or inhaling iron dust. It is an occupational lung disorder. Siderosis also known as Welder's lung.

Answer 375

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Communicable disease are those diseases which spread through air, water or infected person. Tuberculosis and measles are communicable disease.

Answer 376

(A) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Genetic disorder are the resultant of chromosomal aberration. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome number 21. Chromosome number 21 is responsible for facial formation.

Answer 377

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Hippocrate a Greek physician, is known as 'Father of Medicine'. Hippocrate was the first person to categorise disease according to the symptoms and classify them as acute, chronic, endemic and epidimic.

Answer 378

(D) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Chicken Pox is caused by virus Varicella zosters. It is a highly communicable disease which results in skin rash and itchy blisters.

Answer 379

(B) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Typhoid is a water borne disease, caused by bacteria Salmonella typhi. It is spread by contaminated water and food. Typhoid affects the digestive system by causing abdominal pain & constipation.

Answer 380

(C) (SSC CPO 2017) Exp: Pathogens are the disease causing micro-organisms. They are the infectious agent including viruses, bacteria, protozoans, fungus. Pathogen interrupts the physiological and metabolic system of the host.

Answer 381

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Tensiometer measures the metric water potential (ym). It is also used in irrigation scheduling.

Answer 382

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Cadmium metal cause the disease Itai-Itai. It leads to pain in joints and spine. This disease was caused by cadmium poisioning due to mining in Toyama prefecture. The disease first appeard in 1912.

Answer 383

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: The German bacteriologist, Robert Koch studied the cholera disease and discovered the microbe bacteria Vibrio cholera.

Answer 384

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease affecting hum Female anopheles mosquito is responsible for malaria disease. Symptoms of malaria include, fever, tiredness, vomiting and headaches. Symptoms usually start 10-15 days after being bitten.

Answer 385

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Cadmium metal cause the disease Itai-Itai. It leads to pain in joints and spine. This disease was caused by cadmium poisioning due to mining in Toyama prefecture. The disease first appeard in 1912.

Answer 386

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Malaria is a mosquito - borne infectious disease affecting human. Charles louis alphonse Laveran was a french physician who won the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 1907 for his discoveries of parasitic protozoan as causative aqents of infectious disease such as malaria.

Answer 387

(A) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Bacteria constitute a large domain of prokaryotic micro-organisms. Bacteria have a number of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods & spirals. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was a dutch scientist. He is also known as the 'Father of Microbiology'. He discovered the first living cell and named it as bacteria.

Answer 388

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Virus cause the disease polio and chicken pox. Polio is an infections disease caused by poliovirus, Symptoms of the disease are muscle weakness and bone deformaties. Chicken pox is a highly contagious disease cause the small, itchy blister. Chicken pox is an airborne disease which spread through cough and sneeze of an infected person.

Answer 389

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Ultra violet rays coming from sun, cause the skin cancer. Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer, where the cells in epidermal layer forms the undifferenteated mass of cells. There are threee types of skin cancer(i) Basal cell carcinoma (ii) squamous cell carcinoma (iii) melanome.

Answer 390

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Nickel cause the allergy called dermatitis. It is an itchy rash that appears when skin touches a harmful substance containing nickel.

Answer 391

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Nicotine is a nitrogen containing chemical alkaloid. Nicotine is found in all tobacco products. It is a highly addictive drug that acts in the brain and nervous system.

Answer 392

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Albert Sabin is known for developeing polio vaccine. Polio is a viral desease caused by Myxovirus. It affects the muscles resulting in inability to move.

Answer 393

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Minamata disease is caused by contaminated water and fish with mercury. It is a nervous disorder. The disease was discovered in 1956.

Answer 394

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Vitamin A (Retinol) cause the night blindness.

Answer 395

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Sir Alexander Fleming

Answer 396

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Insulin was discovered by canadian physician frederick Banting. Banting and Macleod shared the noble prize in 1923 for physiology or medicine for being discoverer of insulin. Insulin is secreted from b cells of pancreas and helps to maintain the concetration of glucose in the blood.

Answer 397

(B) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Deficiency of Iron cause the disease anaemia. Anaemia is common in females than males. Deficiency of Iron lowers the haemoglobin formation in blood. Anaemia results in the fatigueness, bloods loss, decreased number of red blood cells.

Answer 398

(D) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Non scommunicable are those disease which are of long duration and with slow progression. Four main type of noncommunicable disease cardiovascular disease(heart attack), Cancer chronic respiratory disease and diabetes.

Answer 399

(C) (SSC CGL 2017) Exp: Edward Jenner, a physician and scientist discovered first vaccine in 1796. The first vaccine was made against the disease small pox.

Answer 400

(B) [SSC SO 2008] Exp: Apiculture or Bee keeping is the practice of rearing bees, maintaining honeybees colonies, manufacturing of honey. Apiary is the place where honey bees are reared and Apiarist is the person who perform apiculture.

Answer 401

(D) [SSC Tax Asst. 2007] Exp: Silviculture is the practice of controlling the establishment, growth, composition, health and quality of forests and woodlands to meet the diverse needs and values of society.

Answer 402

(C) [SSC (10+2) DEO & LDC 2011] Exp: Menstrual cycle is the period of 28 days in females, during which the ovaries matures the ovum and release it for fertilisation on 14th day. The duration of 19-21 days is the most unsafe period because during this period there are chance of ovum to maximum get fertilised if sperms enters the fallopian tube.

Answer 403

(A) [SSC (10+2) DEO & LDC 2008] Exp: Iodine solution test is done for the presence of starch any form of carbohydrate turns blue-black when exposed with iodine solution. The brown colour of aqueous solution of triiodide anion form the intermolecular charge transfer comples.

Answer 404

(B) [SSS CGL 2008] Exp: Sleepness or lack of sleep disorder is the medical condition called as Insomnia that can make it hard to fall asleep, and to stay asleep. Many person experiences short term (acute) insomnia or long-term (chronic) insomnia.

Answer 405

(A) [SSC CGL 2007] Exp: Odontology is the scientific study of structure, development and abnormalities of teeth. The study include teeth and their surrounding tissues especially the prevention and cure of the disease.

Answer 406

(D) [SSC Tax Asst. 2007] Exp: Neonatology is the branch of paediatrics that includes the medical care of newly born upto the age of 3 months. The medical condition includes the prematurity, low birth weight congenital or genetic defects etc.

Answer 407

(D) [SSC CGL 2007] Exp: Splanchnology is the study of visceral org Viscera are the soft muscular organs of the body including digestive, urinary, respiratory and reproductive.

Answer 408

(A) [SSC SO 2007] Exp: An Endoscope is a device, with a light attached at one point that is used to look inside a body cavity or organ. This in inserted in body through an natural opening, such as mouth or rectum.

Answer 409

(C)Exp: Antipyretic are the drugs used to lower body temperature in high fever condition. There are 3 classes of antipyretic; Salicylates (aspirin), Acetaminophen (Tylenol) and Nonsteriodal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) (Ibuprofen).

Answer 410

(B) [SSC MTS 2011] Exp: The first vaccine against poliomyelitis was developed by Jonas salk and came into use in 1955. India has been declared as polio free country.

Answer 411

(C) [SSC SO 2008] Exp: AIDS is an abbreviated form of Acquired Immuno Deficiency syndrome. It is an immuno deficient disease where the T-lymphocyte present in blood are killed by human Immuno virus.

Answer 412

(C) [SSC CGL 2008] Exp: H5N1 is a highly pathogenic causative agent of H5N1 flu. Commonly known as avian influenza (bird flu), It was first discovered in 1997.

Answer 413

(D) [SSC CGL 2007] Exp: It is an in-vitro assay that measures the presence of an antigen with very high sensitivity. The target antigen is radio labelled and bound to its specific antibodies. A sample is added in order to initiate a competitive reaction of the labelled antigen from preparation and unlabelled antigen from serum sample.

Answer 414

(B) [SSC SO 2006] Exp: MRI stands for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. It uses a powerful magnetic field and radio waves to produce pictures of body tissues and org It helps in identification of disease.

Answer 415

(A) [SSC SO, 2006] Exp: Jonas Salk first invented the vaccine against poliomyelitis. He used the dead polio viruses as a vaccine and its entry into any organsim lead to the formation of useful antibodies. These antibodies are effective for all future counter of body against viral attack.

Answer 416

(B) [SSC Tax Asst. 2005] Exp: SARS is the infectious disease and a form of pneumonia. It stands for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.

Answer 417

(A) [SSC Tax Asst., 2005] Exp: Homeopathy term was coined by Samuel Hahnemann in 1796. Homeopathy is an alternate source of curing the disease without using allopathy.

Answer 418

(C) [SSC CPO, 2003] Exp: Edward Jenner was a famous scientist who carried out experiment for the disease small pox and in 1978 prepared the first vaccine against this disease. Edward Jenner is known as father of Immunisation.

Answer 419

(B) [SSC Matric Level 2000] Exp: Veterinary science is the branch of science that deals with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease, disorder in animals. It helps in identifying the infectious disease.

Answer 420

(C) [SSC Matric Level, 2002] Exp: Penicillin is first discovered antibiotic by Alexander Fleming. It is isolated from an yeast, called Penicillium notatum. Antibiotic inhibit the growth of bacteria on any surface by inhibiting their wall growth.

Answer 421

(C) [SSC CGL April 2014] Exp: Community is an assemblage of biotic population including plants, animals which lives in a particular habitat.

Answer 422

(C) [SSC CGL April 2014] Exp: UV radiation was discovered in 1801 by German physicist Johann wilhem Ritter. UV rays have antibacterial effects and is used as disinfectant during water treatment.

Answer 423

(D) [SSC CPO, 2006] Exp: Toxicology is the branch of chemistry and medicine. It involves observing and reporting symptoms, mechanism, detection and treatments of toxic substances. It includes environmental agents and chemical compounds in nature.

Answer 424

(B) [SSC CO 2006] Exp: Olive ridley is a famous turtle species also known as pacific ridly sea turtle. It is the smallest and most abundant of all sea turtles found in the world. In India they are mostly occure Odissa coastal area.

Answer 425

(D) [SSC CPO 2003] Exp: Evolution Theory was proposed and explained by Charles Darwin - Darwin explained the mechanism of evolution as heritable changes in organism with the changes in environment.

Answer 426

(B) Exp: Antonie Philips van Leeuwenhoek discovered first living cell named it as bacteria.

Answer 427

(A) Exp: Xerophytic adaptations are features of plants who survive in the harsh situation with the presence of very low or no water level.

Answer 428

(C) (SSC 10+2- 2010) Exp: Ecology is the branch of science which deals with interaction of biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components of environment.

Answer 429

(B) (SSC CGL 2013) Exp: Entomology is the study of Insects. In include the behaviour, habitat and features of Insects.

Answer 430

(B) (SSC CGL 2014) Exp: Myrmecology is the study of ants, and their behaviour.

Answer 431

(C) (SSC CGL 2013) Exp: Exobiology is the branch of biology that deals with search for extra terrestrial life and the effects of extra terrestrial surroundings or outer space on living organism.

Answer 432

(B) (SSC CAPFs SI, 2015) Exp: Chemotherapy is used in the treatment of cancer. It involves the use of chemical substances. Chemotherapeutic agents are cytotoxin by means of interfering with cell division.

Answer 433

(B) Exp: Tectona grandis Linn is the scientific name of Teak. Family - Lamiaceae, Order - Lamiales

Answer 434

(B) Exp: Delonix regia Rafin is the scientific name of Gulmohar Family - Fabaceae, Order- Fabales

Answer 435

(C) Exp: Emblica officinalis is the scientific name of Amla. Family - phyllanthaceae, Order - Malpighiales

Answer 436

(C) Exp: Rodentia Sciurus is the scientific name of squirrel. Family - sciuridae, Order - Rodentia

Answer 437

(A) Exp: Azadirachta indica is the scientific name of Neem. Family - Meliaceae, order - Sapindales

Answer 438

(D) Exp: Achras sapota is the scientific name of chiku. Family - Sapotaceae, Order- Ericalles.

Answer 439

(B) Exp: Mangifera indica is the scientific name of mango. Family - Anacardiaceae, Order - Sapindales

Answer 440

(B) Exp: Panthera tigris is the scientific name of tiger. Family - Felidae, Order - Carnivora Chapter-08

Answer 441

(A) Exp: Felis catus is the scientific name of cat. Family - Felidae, Order Carnivora

Answer 442

(A) Exp:Annona squanmosa is the scientific name of custard apple. Family - Annonaceae

Answer 443

(C) Exp: Binominal Nomenclature was founded by Carl Linnaeus.

Answer 444

(B) Exp: Cannis familiaris is the scientific name of dog. Family - canidae, order - carnivore.

Answer 445

(D) Exp: Musa Paradisiac is the scientific name of Banana which belongs to the family. Musaceae and order zingiberales.

Answer 446

(D) Exp: Allium cepa is the scientific name of Onion. Family- Amaryllidaceae,Order - Asparagales.

Answer 447

(C) Exp: Acacia aribica is the scientific name Babhul. Family - Fabaceae, Order - Fabales.

Answer 448

(C) Exp: Cannis Vulpes is the scientific name of Fox. Family - Canidae, Order - Carnivora.

Answer 449

(D) Exp: Bovidae ovis is the scientific name of sheep. Family - Bovidae, Order- Artidactyla.

Answer 450

(A) Exp: Rodentia muridae is the scientific name of Rat. Family - Mudidae, Order- Rodentia.

Answer 451

(C) Exp: Sauria lacertidai is the scientific name of lizard. Family - Lacertilia, Order - squamate.

Answer 452

(D) Exp: Arboreal ateles is the scientific name of spider monkey. Family - Atelidae

Answer 453

(B) Exp: Ananas comosus is the scientific name of Pineapple. Family - Bromeliaceae, Order - Peales

Answer 454

(D) Exp: Ocimum Santum is the scientific name of Tulsi. Family - Lamiaceae, Order - Lamiales.Family Bromeliaceae, Order - Peales

Answer 455

(D) Exp: Mornga oleifera is the scientific name of drumstick. Family - Moringaceae, Order - Brassicales

Answer 456

(A) Exp: Psidium guajava is the scientific name of Gvava. Family - Myrtaceae, Order - Myrtales.

Answer 457

(B) Exp: Carica Papaya is the scientific name of Papaya. Family - Caricaceae, Order- Rosales.

Answer 458

(D) Exp: Artocarpus integra is the scientific name of jack fruit. Family - Moraceae, order, rosales.

Answer 459

(C) Exp: Bambusa dendrocalms is the scientific name of Bamboo. Family - Poceae, Order - Poles.

Answer 460

(C) Exp: Acinonyx Iubatus is the seientific name of cheetah. Family - Felidae, Order - Carnivora

Answer 461

(D) Exp: Punica g ranatum is the scientific name of Pomegranate. Family - Lythraceae, Order - Myrtales.

Answer 462

(C) Exp: Tamarindus indica is the scientific name of tamarind. Family - fabaceae, Order- Fabales.

Answer 463

(A) Exp: Equs caballus is the scientific name of Horse. Family - Equidae, Order - Squamata

Answer 464

(A) Exp: Elapidae naya is the scientific name of cobra. Family - Elapidae, order - Squamata

Answer 465

(A) Exp: Equs asinus is the scientific name of Donkey. Family - Equidae, Order - Perissodactyla

Answer 466

(A) Exp: Ficus benghalensis is the scientific name of Banyan. Family - Moraceae, Order - Rosales

Answer 467

(B) Exp: Equs burchellii is the scientific name of Zebra. Family- Equidae, Order- Perissodactyla.

Answer 468

(B) Exp: Columba livia is the scientific name of pigeon. Family- columbidae, ordes columbi fromes

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